Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 45-53.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.05.008

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Identification and Cluster Analysis of Photosynthetic Characters and WUE in Sorghum Germplasm

Zhang Yizhong1,2,Zhou Fuping1,Zhang Xiaojuan1,Shao Qiang1,Yang Bin1,Liu Qingshan1   

  1. 1 Sorghum Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic and Germplasm Innovation, Yuci 030600, Shanxi, China
    2 Agronomy College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-03-28 Revised:2018-07-31 Online:2018-10-15 Published:2018-10-12
  • Contact: Qingshan Liu

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Abstract:

101 sorghum germplasms were selected as test materials in this study. The photosynthetic parameters in leaves were determined by LI-6400 photosynthesis instrument under field conditions, and correlation analysis was carried out. Photosynthetic characters and water use efficiency (WUE) of different sorghum germplasm were evaluated by cluster and discrimination analysis. The results showed there were significant differences (P<0.01) in photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Tr, Gs, Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE) among the test germplasm, with Pn ranging from 12.04 to 49.32μmolCO2/(m 2?s). Correlation analysis indicated that the highly significant positive correlations were between Pn and Tr (r=0.745), Pn and Gs (r=0.654), Tr and Gs (r=0.771). The highly significant negative correlations were between Pn and Ci (r=-0.493), Tr and WUE (r=-0.400), Ci and WUE (r=-0.341). 101 sorghum germplasms were clustered into six groups based on Pn, Tr and WUE. The group A2 and C including 17 sorghum breeding materials with high photosynthesis rate and high water use efficiency could be utilized as high photosynthetic efficiency breeding parent or materials. Based on cluster analysis, that established eight discriminant models which were of high discriminative ability by discriminant analysis for three photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Tr and WUE).

Key words: Sorghum, Germplasm, Photosynthetic characters, Cluster analysis, Discriminant analysis

Table 1

The sorghum germplasm resources used in this study"

编号
No.		 材料名称
Name		 类型
Type		 编号
No.		 材料名称
Name		 类型
Type		 编号
No.		 材料名称
Name		 类型
Type
1 优0-30 R 35 L9137 R 69 01B B
2 R111 R 36 张辽父 R 70 29B B
3 J7645早 R 37 0-30 R 71 AGR1B B
4 0-30红粒变 R 38 晋粱5号 R 72 8808B B
5 R09305 R 39 晋辐1号 R 73 88021B B
6 3560R R 40 1383-2 R 74 0122B B
7 锦Y15 R 41 三尺三 R 75 泸45B B
8 LNR-4 R 42 4003 R 76 10337-1B B
9 L17 R 43 93943/157 R 77 7B大粒TB B
10 LR233 R 44 5-27 R 78 053005B B
11 吉R105 R 45 J3 R 79 Y60B B
12 铁10612 B 46 gd1697-2 R 80 LgB/R5M874B-Ⅰ B
13 R09279 R 47 ESB25B R 81 LgB/R5M874B-Ⅲ B
14 忻粱7号 R 48 邵R R 82 气死糜子/原8801B B
15 泸恢1 R 49 R09274 R 83 67B B
16 恢1变 R 50 R09277 R 84 T239B/2087B B
17 L2R R 51 R09304 R 85 黑3022B B
18 R07221 R 52 R09309 R 86 黑3035B B
19 657-1 R 53 R09313 R 87 黑3038B B
20 60R R 54 R072185 R 88 黑3016B B
21 大红粒 R 55 H02029 R 89 黑3110B B
22 R072194 R 56 H02073 R 90 吉2055B B
23 R072198 R 57 H02079 R 91 Y23B B
24 黑2001 R 58 锦R R 92 3765红B B
25 黑R R 59 叶上冲 R 93 3765白B B
26 741324 R 60 112020 R 94 L407B B
27 363C R 61 黑高粱 R 95 11480B B
28 忻粱52 R 62 非洲高粱-1 B 96 11486B B
29 L早615 R 63 非洲高粱-2 B 97 11494B B
30 南133 R 64 A2V4B B 98 11506B B
31 吉9 R 65 Tx623B B 99 72B/DORADO双 B
32 吉12 R 66 72B B 100 72B/054178双 B
33 吉13 R 67 8801B B 101 GB103 B
34 L22 R 68 18B B

Table 2

Variance analysis of photosynthetic characteristics and WUE of sorghum germplasm"

参数
Parameter		 变异来源
Source of variance		 自由度
df		 平方和
Sum of square		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 变异系数(%)
CV		 变幅
Range
Pn 材料间Among materials 100 23 389.755 233.898 114.334** 32.10 8.83 27.51 12.04~49.32
[μmolCO2/(m2·s)] 误差Error 202 413.239 2.046
总和Total 302 23 802.993
Tr 材料间Among materials 100 995.289 9.953 72.133** 6.58 1.82 27.68 2.32~10.69
[mmolH2O/(m2·s)] 误差Error 202 27.872 0.138
总和Total 302 1 023.161
Gs 材料间Among materials 100 5.549 0.056 40.318** 0.34 0.14 39.28 0.08~0.73
[molH2O/(m2·s)] 误差Error 202 0.278 0.001
总和Total 302 5.827
Ci 材料间Among materials 100 846 411.254 8 464.113 32.472** 119.24 53.09 44.52 42.67~284.00
(μmolCO2/mol) 误差Error 202 52 652.667 260.657
总和Total 302 899 063.921
WUE 材料间Among materials 100 389.930 3.899 21.641** 5.00 1.23 22.56 1.95~7.95
(μmolCO2/mmolH2O) 误差Error 202 36.397 0.180
总和Total 302 426.327

Fig.1

Cluster analysis of sorghum germplasms based on the measured value of net photosynthesis rate"

Table 3

Cluster analysis of net photosynthetic rate of sorghum germplasms"

类群
Cluster		 材料代号
Code of germplasm		 个数
Number		 频率(%)
Frequency		 类平均Mean of cluster
[μmolCO2/(m2·s)]		 变幅Range
[μmolCO2/(m2·s)]
Ⅰ 50,55,70,81,86 5 4.95 47.74±1.03a 46.55~49.32
Ⅱ 1,2,4,8,10,12,15,21,23,25,28,29,32,35,40,43,44,49,51,54,60,62,64,67,68,72,83,87,89,90,91,92,93,95,96,99,101 37
 36.63
 39.54±3.14b
 34.68~44.61
Ⅲ 6,7,13,16,18,19,22,30,31,33,37,38,41,42,46,47,48,52,56,58,59,61,63,65,71,73,74,75,76,82,85,88,94,97 34
 33.66
 30.37±2.35c
 26.69~34.14
Ⅳ 3,5,9,11,17,20,26,27,34,36,39,53,69,77,78,79,80,84,98,100 20 19.80 21.97±2.43d 17.29~25.92
Ⅴ 14,24,45,57,66 5 4.95 13.60±1.21e 12.04~15.09

Table 4

Cluster analysis of water use efficiency of sorghum germplasm"

类群
Cluster		 材料代号
Code of germplasm		 个数
Number		 频率(%)
Frequency		 类平均Mean of cluster
(μmolCO2/mmolH2O)		 变幅Range
(μmolCO2/mmolH2O)
Ⅰ 7,12,13,17,84 5 4.95 7.77±0.13a 7.95~7.61
Ⅱ 6,8,9,10,29,75,80,92,93 9 8.91 6.75±0.17b 7.00~6.51
Ⅲ 2,4,15,16,18,23,25,32,46,58,72,74,82,95 14 13.86 5.76±0.29c 6.31~5.40
Ⅳ

 1,5,11,19,20,21,22,24,26,27,28,30,31,33,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,
44,45,47,48,49,50,51,52,54,55,56,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,70,
71,73,76,77,78,79,81,83,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,94,96,97,98,99,100,101		 67

 66.34

 4.59±0.43d

 5.32~3.73
Ⅴ 3,14,34,53,69 5 4.95 3.04±0.21e 3.25~2.75
Ⅵ 57 1 0.99 1.95f 1.95

Table 5

Correlation coefficients between photosynthetic characters and WUE"

性状Trait Pn Tr Gs Ci WUE
Pn 1.000
Tr 0.745** 1.000
Gs 0.654** 0.771** 1.000
Ci -0.493** -0.189 0.178 1.000
WUE 0.277** -0.400** -0.164 -0.341** 1.000

Table 6

Cluster analysis and discriminant results of sorghum germplasm materials Pn and WUE"

类群
Cluster		 材料代号
Code of germplasm		 个数
Number		 频率(%)
Frequency		 判别模型
Discrimination mode		 类平均Mean of cluster
Pn
[μmolCO2/(m2·s)]		 WUE
(μmolCO2/mmolH2O)
A1 43,50,51,55,60,70,81,86,89,90,91,101 12 11.88 Y=5.13Pn+27.43WUE-178.00 44.48±3.18a 4.65±0.23d
A2 2,23,25,32,40,72,95 7 6.93 Y=4.93Pn+32.82WUE-196.69 42.64±1.94a 5.58±0.28c
B1 1,21,28,31,35,44,49,54,56,59,62,64,67,68,83,87,96,99 18 17.82 Y=4.22Pn+27.89WUE-143.35 36.55±2.14b 4.74±0.41d
B2
 4,16,19,22,26,30,33,38,41,42,46,47,48,61,63,65,71,73,74,
76,82,88,94		 23
 22.77
 Y=3.50Pn+29.43WUE-126.66
 30.20±2.47c
 5.02±0.43d
C 3,5,11,20,27,36,37,39,52,53,69,77,78,79,85,97,98,100 18 17.82 Y=2.77Pn+23.03WUE-78.25 23.89±3.24d 3.93±0.52e
D 14,24,34,45,66 5 4.95 Y=1.70Pn+21.69WUE-52.57 14.56±2.78e 3.71±0.52e
E 57 1 0.99 Y=1.65Pn+11.46WUE-22.93 14.26e 1.95f
F 6,7,8,10,12,15,29,75,92,93 10 9.90 Y=4.38Pn+40.47WUE-222.45 37.77±3.77b 6.90±0.45b
G 9,18,58,80 4 3.96 Y=2.77Pn+37.32WUE-151.95 23.76±4.70d 6.38±0.32b
H 13,17,84 3 2.97 Y=2.64Pn+45.82WUE-209.44 22.52±4.71d 7.84±0.09a

Table 7

Cluster and discrimination for Pn, Tr and WUE in sorghum germplasm resources"

类群
Cluster		 材料代号
Code of germplasm		 个数
Number		 频率(%)
Frequency		 判别模型
Discrimination mode		 类平均Mean of cluster
Pn
[μmolCO2/(m2·s)]		 Tr
[mmolH2O/(m2·s)]		 WUE
(μmolCO2/mmolH2O)
A1
 43,50,51,55,60,70,81,86,89,90,91,101 12
 11.88
 Y=-22.97Pn+133.00Tr+165.55WUE-510.49
 44.48±3.18a
 9.57±0.64a
 4.65±0.23d
A2 2,23,25,32,40,72,95 7 6.93 Y=-21.23Pn+122.17Tr+158.91WUE-458.87 42.64±1.94a 7.66±0.59b 5.58±0.28c
B1


 1,4,21,28,31,35,37,41,42,44,47,48,49,52,54,56,59,61,62,64,67,68,71,79,83,85,87,88,94,96,97,99 32

 31.68

 Y=-23.1Pn+129.08Tr+163.27WUE-460.66

 33.97±3.73c

 7.38±0.72b

 4.62±0.46d
B2
 9,16,18,19,22,26,30,33,38,
46,58,63,65,73,74,76,82		 17
 16.83
 Y=-23.32Pn+126.71Tr+166.16WUE-453.86
 28.45±2.51d
 5.32±0.69c
 5.40±0.53c
C 6,7,8,10,12,15,29,75,92,93 10 9.90 Y=-23.08Pn+127.98Tr+173.86WUE-515.98 37.77±3.77b 5.50±0.69c 6.90±0.45b
D 3,53,57 3 2.97 Y=-27.77Pn+149.38Tr+177.49WUE-541.59 20.74±5.86e 8.10±0.78b 2.53±0.51f
E
 5,11,14,20,24,27,34,36,39,
45,66,69,77,78,98,100		 16
 15.84
 Y=-22.7Pn+121.38Tr+154.25WUE-384.52
 19.65±4.08e
 4.96±1.02c
 3.98±0.46e
F 13,17,80,84 4 3.96 Y=-29.93Pn+154.98Tr+211.51WUE-698.21 21.22±4.65e 2.80±0.51d 7.55±0.59a
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