Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 150-155.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.023

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Effects of Sowing Date on Lodging Traits of Rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin, China

Zepeng Yang1,Honglin Chen1,Juan Guo2,Changtao Wang1,Dinghui Liu1   

  1. 1 Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
    2 Daying Meteorological Bureau, Daying 629300, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2018-11-26 Revised:2019-01-21 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-12
  • Contact: Dinghui Liu

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Abstract:

Plant lodging is an important factor in mechanized harvesting of rape. This experiment explored the effects of different sowing dates on lodging traits of rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin. Chuanyou 36 and Rongyou 18 were used as test materials. Five sowing dates were set up on September 22, September 29, October 6, October 13 and October 20. The changes of meteorological factors and lodging characters in rape growth period under different sowing dates were analyzed. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date, the precipitation, accumulated temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature and sunshine duration decreased gradually leading to the shortened growth period of different rape varieties. The plant height, branch height, root neck diameter, stem diameter decreased and lodging coefficient increased. The lodging resistance of rape was the strongest at the sowing date between September 22 and 29. It could be concluded that the suitable sowing date of rape in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin was late September.

Key words: Rape, Sowing date, Hilly Central Sichuan Basin, Lodging traits, Climate factors

Table 1

Conditions such as light, temperature and water of rape growth period under different sowing dates"

品种
Cultivar		 播期
(月-日)
Sowing date
(Month-Day)		 生育期
(d)
Growth
period		 总降水量
(mm)
Total
rainfall		 总积温(℃)
Accumulated temperature		 日平均最高
气温(℃)
Daily maximum
temperature		 日平均最低
气温(℃)
Daily minimum
temperature		 日累计温差(℃)
Daily cumulative
temperature difference		 日照时长(h)
Sunshine
duration
川油36 Chuanyou36 9-22 224 301.5 3 036.5 17.8 10.7 1 583.9 430.5
9-29 217 287.4 2 883.7 17.5 10.4 1 533.5 421.7
10-06 210 288.6 2 711.4 17.0 10.1 1 460.3 382.7
10-13 207 279.7 2 660.3 17.1 9.9 1 465.2 394.7
10-20 201 273.5 2 552.2 17.0 9.7 1 451.7 386.0
蓉油18 Rongyou18 9-22 222 298.5 2 991.9 17.7 10.6 1 567.1 425.8
9-29 215 285.6 2 839.1 17.4 10.3 1 516.7 421.7
10-06 209 287.4 2 688.8 17.0 10.0 1 450.4 378.0
10-13 205 279.3 2 628.2 17.1 9.9 1 472.6 391.3
10-20 199 273.1 2 520.1 16.9 9.7 1 439.4 382.6

Fig.1

Effects of sowing time on agronomic character of rape plants Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level in the same variety between different sowing date treatments"

Table 2

Effects of sowing date on lodging coefficient of rape"

播期(月-日)
Sowing date
（Month-Day）		 川油36 Chuanyou 36 蓉油18 Rongyou 18
No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 均值Average No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 均值Average
距顶端高度 9-22 195.1a 174.3a 153.4a 132.6a 163.9a 181.3a 163.8a 146.3a 128.8a 155.1a
Distance from plant top 9-29 195.5a 174.3a 153.0a 131.7a 163.6a 183.2a 164.3a 145.9a 127.6a 155.3a
10-06 195.9a 174.1a 152.6a 130.9a 163.4a 177.9a 162.7a 142.3a 125.9a 152.2a
10-13 194.4a 172.9a 152.1a 132.9a 163.1a 176.6a 164.2a 145.4a 126.7a 153.2a
10-20 178.1b 162.7b 147.3b 131.8a 155.0b 174.3a 157.6b 140.9a 124.3a 149.3a
鲜重Fresh weight 9-22 130.3a 114.2a 104.8a 97.5a 111.7a 120.2a 100.5a 90.77a 81.24a 98.20a
9-29 130.9a 112.0a 100.3a 91.0ab 108.6a 120.1a 105.5a 92.03a 78.78a 99.11a
10-06 120.6a 100.8a 87.9b 78.4b 96.9b 108.6b 91.03b 79.53b 71.86b 87.75a
10-13 115.1a 98.0a 85.7b 74.4b 93.3b 95.49c 83.43b 75.79b 70.61b 81.33b
10-20 108.9b 97.4a 93.1b 82.9b 95.6b 91.78c 77.17b 66.95c 59.70c 73.90b
抗折力 9-22 11.77a 9.09a 7.85a 6.42a 8.78a 12.60a 10.11a 8.74a 7.22a 9.67a
Breaking-resistant strength 9-29 10.90a 8.24b 7.14a 5.33ab 7.90ab 11.83a 10.77a 9.07a 6.53a 9.55a
10-06 8.26ab 6.45b 5.75b 4.09b 6.14b 9.42b 7.41b 6.25b 5.20b 7.07b
10-13 7.72b 6.27b 5.11b 3.87b 5.74b 7.21b 6.99b 5.83b 5.29b 6.33b
10-20 5.96c 4.91c 4.31c 3.72b 4.73c 5.67c 4.49c 3.43c 3.13c 4.18c
倒伏系数 9-22 2.16c 2.19c 2.05c 2.01c 2.10c 1.73c 1.61c 1.48c 1.45b 1.58c
Lodging coefficient 9-29 2.35b 2.37b 2.15c 2.25c 2.28c 1.86c 1.63c 1.52c 1.54b 1.62c
10-06 2.86ab 2.72b 2.33b 2.51b 2.61b 2.05b 1.96b 1.81b 1.74b 1.90b
10-13 2.90ab 2.70b 2.55b 2.55b 2.68b 2.34b 2.00b 1.89b 1.69b 1.97b
10-20 3.25a 3.23a 3.18a 2.94a 3.15a 2.82a 2.71a 2.75a 2.37a 2.66a

Table 3

Relationship between agronomic characters of rape and climate factors"

农艺性状
Agronomic character		 品种
Cultivar		 降水量
Total
rainfall		 总积温
Accumulated
temperature		 日均最高气温
Daily maximum
temperature		 日均最低气温
Daily minimum
temperature		 日累计温差
Temperature difference		 总日照时长Sunshine
duration
株高Plant height 川油36 Chuanyou 36 0.547* 0.527* 0.346 0.510 0.365 -0.345
蓉油18 Rongyou 18 0.518* 0.618* 0.569* 0.623* 0.578* -0.593*
分枝部位Branch height 川油36 Chuanyou 36 0.500 0.456 0.270 0.469 0.284 -0.284
蓉油18 Rongyou 18 0.431 0.256 0.006 0.300 0.044 -0.031
根颈粗Root neck diameter 川油36 Chuanyou 36 0.683** 0.652** 0.565* 0.639* 0.570* -0.531*
蓉油18 Rongyou 18 0.528* 0.571* 0.268 0.377 0.273 -0.309
茎秆粗Stem diameter 川油36 Chuanyou 36 0.620* 0.604* 0.442 0.460 0.469 -0.379
蓉油18 Rongyou 18 0.665* 0.621* 0.316 0.474 0.331 -0.332

Table 4

Relationship between agronomic characters and lodging coefficients of rape under different sowing dates"

品种
Cultivar		 指标
Indicator		 鲜重
Fresh
weight		 茎秆抗折力
Stem breaking-
resistantstrength		 倒伏系数
Lodging coefficient		 株高
Plant
height		 分枝部位
Branch
height		 根颈粗
Root neck
diameter		 茎秆粗
Stem
diameter
川油36 Chuanyou 36 距顶端高度Distance from plant top 0.721** 0.361 -0.219 -0.729* -0.377 -0.445 -0.421
鲜重Fresh weight 0.412 -0.388 -0.461 -0.280 -0.332 -0.409
茎秆抗折力Stem breaking-resistant strength -0.773** -0.624* -0.494 -0.675** -0.756**
倒伏系数Lodging coefficient -0.536* -0.588* -0.639** -0.760**
株高Plant height -0.845** -0.715** -0.770**
分枝部位Branch height -0.723** -0.726**
根颈粗Root neck diameter -0.879**
蓉油18 Rongyou 18 距顶端高度Distance from plant top 0.831** 0.631* -0.251 -0.662* -0.429 -0.605* -0.624*
鲜重Fresh weight 0.586* -0.433 -0.504 -0.296 -0.556* -0.480
茎秆抗折力Stem breaking-resistant strength -0.757** -0.408 -0.478 -0.880** -0.875**
倒伏系数Lodging coefficient -0.537* -0.576* -0.685** -0.699**
株高Plant height -0.237 -0.511* -0.602*
分枝部位Branch height -0.398 -0.535*
根颈粗Root neck diameter -0.918*
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