氮素穗肥运筹方式对杂交晚粳稻产量和品质的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.020

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the suitable panicle fertilizer management mode of high-quality hybrid late Japonica rice planted in double cropping rice area, four panicle fertilizer management modes, SF0 (no panicle fertilizer, control), SF1 (60kg/ha panicle fertilizer at the final second leaf stage), SF2 (60kg/ha panicle fertilizer at the final fourth leaf stage), SF3 (30kg/ha panicle fertilizer was applied at the final second and fourth leaf stages, respectively) were applied to hybrid Japonica to ascertain the effects of panicle fertilizer management modes on rice yield and quality optimization in double cropping rice area. The results showed that compared with SF0 treatment, the dry matter amount, total spikelets and harvest indexes increased, and the yields of SF1, SF2 and SF3 treatments increased by 10.88%, 11.08% and 12.73%, respectively. The total spikelets and apparent conversion rate in SF2 and SF3 treatments were higher than those of SF1 treatment, and the dry matter production ratio after flowering of SF2 and SF3 treatments were lower than that of SF1 treatment. Compared with the SF0, the quality of the processing of panicle fertilizer treatments were better, the crude protein contents were increased, but the appearance quality and cooking quality were worse, and the taste values were decreased. In addition, the peak viscosity and disintegration values also decreased, but SF2 treatment showed no significant difference with SF0. In general, the quality indexes of SF2 treatment were better than those of SF1 and SF3 treatments. It could be seen that applying panicle fertilizer significantly increased the yield of high-quality hybrid Japonica rice. While the single application of panicle fertilizer at the final fourth leaf stage could give consideration to high yield and high quality.

Key words: Hybrid Japonica rice, Panicle fertilizer management, Yield, Quality

Zhou Qiancong, Chen Le, Luo Kang, Liu Mengjie, Song Yongping, Xie Xiaobing, Zeng Yongjun. Effects of Nitrogen Panicle Fertilizer Management on Yield and Quality of Hybrid Late Japonica Rice[J].Crops, 2021, 37(6): 129-133.

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处理 Treatment	有效穗数 Effective panicles (×10⁴/hm²)	穗粒数 Grains per panicle	总颖花量 Total spikelets (×10⁸/hm²)	结实率 Seed setting rate (%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)
SF0	391.24c	96.84b	3.79b	83.49a	28.38ab	8280.02b
SF1	393.80bc	103.62ab	4.08ab	82.40ab	28.86a	9181.23a
SF2	406.45ab	109.49a	4.45a	81.06b	27.28c	9197.90a
SF3	412.37a	108.18a	4.46a	81.76ab	27.73bc	9334.05a

处理 Treatment	干物质量Dry matter amount (t/hm²)		表观转化率 Apparent conversion rate (%)	花后干物质生产比例 Dry matter production ratio after flowering (%)	收获指数 Harvest index (%)
处理 Treatment	齐穗期 Heading	成熟期 Maturity	表观转化率 Apparent conversion rate (%)	花后干物质生产比例 Dry matter production ratio after flowering (%)	收获指数 Harvest index (%)
SF0	11.35c	16.11b	45.56a	29.52a	43.95b
SF1	12.10b	17.17a	38.63b	29.48a	45.73a
SF2	13.53a	17.34a	48.36a	21.94b	45.28a
SF3	13.15a	17.62a	44.56a	25.36ab	44.52a

处理 Treatment	出糙率 Brown rice rate (%)	精米率 Milled rice rate (%)	整精米率 Head milled rice rate (%)	垩白粒率 Chalkiness rate (%)	垩白度 Chalkiness degree (%)	胶稠度 Gel consistency (mm)	直链淀粉含量 Amylose content (%)	粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content (%)	食味值 Taste value
SF0	83.5b	72.5b	65.2a	20.9c	4.7b	82.84a	16.54b	7.1c	72.7a
SF1	84.5a	73.5a	64.9a	24.7a	5.9a	73.29c	17.23a	8.3a	63.7c
SF2	84.5a	73.5a	62.6c	18.8d	4.6b	77.27b	16.71b	7.3b	70.7b
SF3	84.4a	72.9ab	63.7b	23.0b	5.8a	76.10bc	17.29a	8.4a	63.0c

处理 Treatment	峰值黏度 Peak viscosity (cp)	热浆黏度 Hot viscosity (cp)	冷胶黏度 Cool viscosity (cp)	崩解值 Breakdown (cp)	消减值 Setback (cp)	回复值 Consistence (cp)	峰值时间 Peak time (min)	糊化温度 Pasting temperature (℃)
SF0	3240a	1901b	3149b	1373a	91b	1282ab	6.16b	73.93b
SF1	3056b	2021a	3193ab	1035c	137a	1172b	6.27a	75.52a
SF2	3236a	1982a	3300a	1254b	64ab	1318a	6.27a	75.00ab
SF3	3101ab	1887b	3141b	1214b	73ab	1254ab	6.26a	74.98ab

Effects of Nitrogen Panicle Fertilizer Management on Yield and Quality of Hybrid Late Japonica Rice

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