Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 235-242.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.030

;

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Different Nitrogen Form Ratio on Key Enzymes of Nitrogen Assimilation in Sugar Beet

Chang Xiao1,2(), Zhang Yunlong1,2, Xu Lingqing1,2, Li Jiajia1,2, Xing Wang1,2, Liu Dali1,2()   

  1. 1National Beet Medium-Term Gene Bank / Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
    2Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetics and Breeding in Heilongjiang Province / College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2023-05-07 Revised:2023-12-05 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-12

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

112

Abstract:

Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are two main absorption forms of inorganic nitrogen in the growth and development of sugar beet. The effects of different nitrogen forms on the growth of sugar beet were different. Six different nitrogen forms were established using the sugar beet variety KWS8138 as material, and phenotypic and physiological and biochemical indices were determined at 14, 36, and 60 days after the first pair of true leaves were grown. The results showed that nitrate reductase (NR) activity was positively correlated with phenotypic indexes and negatively correlated with glutamine synthetase (GS) activity. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity was positively correlated with chlorophyll and negatively correlated with NR activity. The root length and plant height phenotypes of sugar beets grown with pure nitrate nitrogen supply were significantly higher than those in other treatment groups. Using principal component analysis, all metrics were analyzed for dimensionality reduction, using membership functions to obtain specific values, and a combination of the two led to the conclusion that the sugar beet growth index was better with pure nitrate supply, with a composite score (D value) of 0.737. These results provided a theoretical basis for the effect of different nitrogen form ratio on the efficiency of nitrogen assimilation of sugar beet and the relevant regulatory mechanism of sugar beet growth.

Key words: Sugar beet, Ammonium-nitrate ratio, Nitrate reductase, Glutamine synthetase, Glutamate dehydrogenase, Principal component analysis

Fig.1

Each growth index of sugar beet under different nitrogen form ratios Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 between treatments in the same period, the same below."

Table 1

Effects of different nitrogen form ratio on chlorophyll contents mg/L"

处理
Treatment		 取样时间Sampling time
14 d 36 d 60 d
0:5 29.995±0.341b 7.146±0.029cd 6.699±0.231c
1:4 29.868±0.090ab 4.381±0.369d 4.237±0.361d
2:3 22.935±0.028c 10.956±0.005a 10.490±0.001a
3:2 31.388±0.354a 7.088±0.022c 6.692±0.161c
4:1 24.226±0.045c 8.795±0.184b 8.477±0.185b
5:0 6.349±0.025d 3.484±0.342e 3.415±0.349e

Table 2

Effects of different nitrogen form ratio on soluble protein contents of sugar beet mg/L"

部位
Part		 处理
Treatment		 取样时间Sampling time
14 d 36 d 60 d
叶Leaf 0:5 0.646±0.022c 2.470±0.020bc 1.885±0.135ab
1:4 0.984±0.063a 3.046±0.245ab 1.270±0.073cd
2:3 0.867±0.015b 3.136±0.098a 1.733±0.180b
3:2 0.952±0.008a 2.901±0.570abc 2.265±0.341a
4:1 0.867±0.015b 3.430±0.124a 1.568±0.201bc
5:0 0.697±0.027c 2.414±0.107c 1.059±0.179d
根Root 0:5 0.230±0.010cd 0.429±0.008a 0.244±0.001a
1:4 0.243±0.013bc 0.303±0.041b 0.237±0.007a
2:3 0.250±0.005abc 0.213±0.002c 0.255±0.018a
3:2 0.271±0.006a 0.242±0.034c 0.226±0.001a
4:1 0.258±0.009ab 0.307±0.031b 0.251±0.007a
5:0 0.218±0.014d 0.328±0.028b 0.253±0.008a

Fig.2

Effects of different nitrogen form ratio on NR activity of sugar beet"

Fig.3

Effects of different nitrogen form ratio on GDH activity in sugar beet"

Fig.4

Effects of different nitrogen form ratio on GS activity of sugar beet"

Fig.5

Correlation analysis among indicators Red indicates a positive correlation, blue indicates a negative correlation;“*”means a significant correlation in P < 0.05,“**”means a significant correlation in P < 0.01, and“***”means a significant correlation in P < 0.001."

Table 3

Principal component analysis among indicators"

指标Index PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4
叶干重Leaf dry weight 0.929 -0.128 -0.005 0.257
叶鲜重Leaf fresh weight 0.923 0.237 -0.206 0.183
叶饱和重Leaf saturation weight 0.918 0.220 -0.083 0.254
根鲜重Root fresh weight 0.883 -0.345 -0.013 -0.191
株高Plant height 0.836 0.167 0.320 0.092
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 0.705 0.303 -0.470 -0.056
根干重Root dry weight 0.428 -0.752 0.262 -0.299
茎粗Stem diameter 0.617 -0.678 -0.043 -0.173
根长Root length 0.374 0.524 0.516 -0.279
GDH活性GDH activity -0.035 0.515 0.348 -0.463
GS活性GS activity -0.113 0.214 -0.828 0.084
NR活性NR activity 0.271 0.334 0.518 0.384
可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content -0.419 -0.347 0.368 0.674
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 42.312 16.935 14.768 9.481
累计贡献率
Accumulated contribution rate (%)		 42.312 59.247 74.015 83.496
因子权重Factors weight 0.423 0.169 0.148 0.095

Fig.6

Principal component analysis of various indexes of sugar beet under different nitrogen form ratio"

[1] 陈连江, 陈丽. 我国甜菜产业现状及发展对策. 中国糖料, 2010(4):62-68.
[2] 刘奇峰, 李卓蓉, 吴江婷, 等. 不同氮素供给水平对84K杨幼苗碳氮代谢的影响. 林业科学研究, 2019, 32(6):63-72.
[3] 裴文梅, 张参俊, 王景安. 不同氮形态及配比对甘草生长及品质的影响. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(28):184-187.
[4] 卢娜.不同光照强度、 营养元素与生长调节剂对高羊茅生长的影响. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2010.
[5] 周旭, 杨晓玲, 郭金耀. 盐藻硝酸还原酶的盐适应性及其与物质积累的关系. 水产科学, 2014, 33(2):119-122.
[6] 张国红. 施肥水平对日光温室番茄生育和土壤环境的影响. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2004.
[7] 朱白婢, 胡艳平, 廖道龙, 等. 整枝方式对网纹甜瓜产量、品质和根系活力的影响研究. 热带农业工程, 2017, 41(4):19-22.
[8] 赵越. 氮调控对甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)氮同化和蔗糖代谢关键酶的影响. 长沙:湖南农业大学, 2001.
[9] 陈志英. 甜菜氮素同化与蔗糖代谢机理研究及其人工调控. 哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2008.
[10] 陈煜, 朱保葛, 张敬, 等. 不同氮源对大豆硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及蛋白质含量的影响. 大豆科学, 2004, 23 (2):143-146.
[11] 林照辉. 氮胁迫下结球白菜苗期硝酸还原酶基因的表达及其生理生化的研究. 长春:吉林大学, 2022.
[12] 刘娜, 闫志山, 范有君, 等. 不同氮素水平对甜菜氮代谢酶和可溶性蛋白含量的影响. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(30):149- 154.
doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15040052
[13] 卢凤刚, 陈贵林. 氮素浓度及形态对韭菜硝酸盐及硝酸还原酶活性的影响. 北方园艺, 2011(4):41-43.
[14] 阳剑, 时亚文, 李宙炜, 等. 水稻碳氮代谢研究进展. 作物研究, 2011, 25(4):383-387.
[15] 曹翠玲, 李生秀. 氮素形态对小麦中后期的生理效应. 作物学报, 2003, 29(2):258-262.
[16] 张宏纪, 马凤鸣, 李文华, 等. 不同形态氮素对甜菜谷氨酰胺合成酶活性的影响. 黑龙江农业科学, 2001(6):7-10.
[17] 汪建飞, 董彩霞, 沈其荣. 氮素不同形态配比对菠菜体内游离氨基酸含量和相关酶活性的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13(4):664-670.
[18] Glitsch M D, Jack J J. Evidence that glutamate acting on presynaptic type-II metabotropic glutamate receptors alone does not fully account for the phenomenon of depolarisation-induced suppression of inhibition in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Pflugers Archiv:European Journal of Physiology, 2001, 442(3):404-408.
[19] 陈展宇, 房晓琨, 孙帆, 等. 不同年代大豆品种根系氮代谢关键酶活性变化的研究. 吉林农业大学学报, 2024, 46(3):366- 372.
[20] Babu V, Henry T N. Understanding regulatory networks and engineering for enhanced drought tolerance in plants. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2006, 9(2):189-195.
doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2006.01.019 pmid: 16483835
[1] Zhao Fuyang, Ma Bo, Hu Jifang, Tan Kefei, Liu Chuanzeng, Yan Feng, Dong Yang, Hou Xiaomin, Li Qingquan, Han Yehui. Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions under Different Photoperiod Conditions [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 135-140.
[2] Sun Yanjie, Wei Guocai, Wu Yuheng, Shi Yunqiang, Shao Yong, Liu Yingrui, Nan Yuantao, Zhang Weiyao. Genetic Diversity Analysis of 100 Maize Germplasm Resources by SNP Markers [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 14-19.
[3] Fan Huiling, Zhao Xiaojiang, Lu Yan. Identification and Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Different Growth Periods under Na2SO4 Stress in White Mustard [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 79-85.
[4] Luo Jianke, Zhang Kehou, Wang Zeyu, Zhang Pingzhen, Nan Ming. Research on the Production Performance of 18 Oat Varieties (Lines) in the Irrigation Area along the Yellow River in Baiyin City [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 93-100.
[5] Pang Minxuan, Wang Han, Li Zhitao, Shi Ningfan, Pu Zhuanfang, Zhang Feng, Yao Panfeng, Bi Zhenzhen, Bai Jiangping, Sun Chao. Effects of Applying Diquat-Dibromide on Potato Quality under Different Watering Treatments [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(6): 132-139.
[6] Fan Ming, Zhang Shuangxi, Chen Jia, Zhang Jiao, Li Hongxia. Analysis of the Traits Related to Lodging-Resistance and Construction of a Comprehensive Evaluation System for Spring Wheat Varieties in Ningxia [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(6): 39-46.
[7] Ma Lina, Wei Yuming, Wen Lifang, Zhang Xuejian, Yang Zhao, Huang Jie, Zhang Shengchang, Li Xiaoyu, Liu Huan, Yang Farong. Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Nutritional Quality of 22 Quinoa Germplasms in Yuanmou Area of Yunnan Province [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(6): 47-54.
[8] Yu Tao, Zhang Jianguo, Cao Jingsheng, Ma Xuena, He Chang’an, Cao Shiliang, Li Shujun, Cai Quan, Li Xin, Li Sinan, Yang Gengbin, Li Wenyue. Identification and Evaluation of Low Temperature Tolerance of 110 New Maize Materials at Germination Stage [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 18-28.
[9] Zhang Lili, Li Zhenyu, Chen Guanghong, Wang Shaolin, Xia Ming, Zheng Yingjie, Wang Ying, Wang Tong, Mao Ting, Yu Yahui. Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of Special Rice Germplasm Resources Based on the Principal Component Analysis [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 40-47.
[10] Yao Qi, Wang Hao, Xu Lingqing, Xing Wang, Liu Dali, Lu Zhenqiang. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of C2H2 Zinc-Finger Protein Transcription Factor Family in Sugar Beet under Cadmium Stress [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(4): 33-42.
[11] Li Zhi, Guo Xiaoxia, Huang Chunyan, Jian Caiyuan, Tian Lu, Han Kang, Ren Xiaoyun, Ren Huimin, Zhang Peng, Liu Jia, Kong Dejuan, Wang Zhenzhen, Su Wenbin. Effects of Nitrogen Base Fertilizer and Topdressing Ratio on the Growth, Yield and Sugar Content of Sugar Beet under Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(3): 186-191.
[12] Li Lu, Yang Dan, Wang Suhua, Wan Guoan, Jiang Wan, Li Shuju, Zhang Shuguang, Li Bing. Stability Analysis and Adaptability Evaluation of Potato Cultivars in Winner Paddy Field [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(3): 47-53.
[13] Zhang Hanwen, Liu Dan, Wang Xuerui, Li Wangshu, Lu Qiang, Wang Shufeng, Zhao Jianan, Wang Yubo, Zhang He, Li Caifeng. Effects of Superimposed Application of BR in Different Periods on Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet under Saline-Alkali Stress [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 237-244.
[14] Su Xiaoyu, Gao Tongmei, Zhang Pengyu, Li Feng, Wu Yin, Wang Dongyong, Tian Yuan, Wei Shuangling. Comprehensive Evaluation of Heat Resistance of Sesame Seedlings Based on Principal Component Analysis and Membership Function Method [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 52-59.
[15] Zu Qingxue, Nie Zhongyang, Lin Song, Rao Chen, Zhang Yifei, Zhang Han. Effects of Ammonium Nitrogen and Nitrate Nitrogen Ratio on Growth and Ion Balance of Flue-Cured Tobacco [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(3): 154-158.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102 -105 .
[3] Xuefang Huang,Mingjing Huang,Huatao Liu,Cong Zhao,Juanling Wang. Effects of Annual Precipitation and Population Density on Tiller-Earing and Yield of Zhangzagu 5 under Film Mulching and Hole Sowing[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 106 -113 .
[4] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[5] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[6] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[7] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126 -130 .
[8] Pengjin Zhu,Xinhua Pang,Chun Liang,Qinliang Tan,Lin Yan,Quanguang Zhou,Kewei Ou. Effects of Cold Stress on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Sugarcane Seedlings[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 131 -137 .
[9] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138 -142 .
[10] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143 -148 .