Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 189-195.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.026

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Effects of CO2 Enrichment and Phosphorus Level on Seedling Growth and Nutrient Element Absorption of Capsicum anmuum L.

Lei Yun(), Liu Yueyan, Wang Jianjian()   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering / Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2023-10-09 Revised:2023-11-20 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of CO2 enrichment, phosphorus supply level and their interaction on the seedling growth and nutrient element absorption of Capsicum anmuum L., Yanjiao 425 was used as the test material, and the morphological indexes, biomass and nutrient element content indexes of C.anmuum L. were determined under the treatment of two CO2 concentrations (natural CO2 concentration: 400±30 μmol/mol, CO2 enrichment: 800±30 μmol/mol) and three phosphorus supply levels (0, 50, and 250 mg/kg P). The results showed that CO2 enrichment alone, increasing phosphorus supply level alone, and their interaction all promoted the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of chili pepper. With CO2 enrichment or increase of phosphorus supply level, the content of C in roots, stems and leaves of chili pepper increased significantly, while the contents of N and K decreased significantly. Phosphorus application also promoted the absorption of P by chili pepper. CO2 enrichment could significantly increase C/N, C/K, C/P, N/P of chili pepper; the phosphorus supply level had no significant effect on C/N and C/K in all organs of chili pepper, and C/P and N/P were significantly reduced. Compared with CK, the interaction between CO2 enrichment and the application of phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the C/N, and significantly reduced the C/K, C/P and N/P of chili pepper. CO2 enrichment could increase the overall contents of Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn in chili pepper, and reduce Ca content. Increasing phosphorus level could increase the overall contents of Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn in chili pepper and decrease Mn content. The interaction between CO2 enrichment and increasing phosphorus level could promote the absorption of Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and inhibit the absorption of Ca. In summary, in the actual production process, the CO2 concentration can be appropriately increased, and the reasonable and appropriate application of phosphorus fertilizer is conducive to the growth of chili pepper and the absorption of nutrients in soil.

Key words: CO2 enrichment, Phosphorus fertilizer, Chili pepper, Growth, Nutrient element absorption

Table 1

Experimental scheme of CO2 concentration and phosphorus fertilizer treatment"

处理
Treatment		 CO2浓度
CO2 concentration (μmol/mol)		 磷水平
Phosphorus level (mg/kg )
CK 400±30 0
CM 400±30 50
CH 400±30 250
EK 800±30 0
EM 800±30 50
EH 800±30 250

Table 2

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on root morphology of C.anmuum L."

处理
Treatment		 总根长
Total root length (cm)		 主根直径
Taproot diameter (mm)		 根表面积
Root surface area (cm2)		 根体积
Root volume (cm3)		 根尖数
Number of root tips		 分叉数
Number of bifurcations
CK 1541.75±117.22d 0.53±0.03d 305.71±14.61d 5.09±0.42d 5335.33±55.63e 23 930.33±1383.46e
CM 1866.54±62.50c 0.60±0.03c 399.09±11.68c 6.34±0.63c 8372.33±126.50d 30 698.67±910.47d
CH 2485.72±79.70ab 0.62±0.03c 392.78±7.23c 6.47±0.37c 12 282.00±778.53a 48 327.00±612.77a
EK 1927.81±57.73c 0.67±0.06b 412.24±20.26c 6.34±0.62c 9892.00±389.91b 30 906.33±1431.80d
EM 2396.90±108.52b 0.69±0.01b 474.32±56.08b 8.23±0.66b 10 922.33±1115.61bc 36 300.67±606.31b
EH 2593.86±109.36a 0.79±0.05a 579.24±25.13a 9.69±0.48a 9435.44±2299.85c 35 335.72±8171.19c

Table 3

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on shoot morphological indices of C.anmuum L."

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 主茎高
Main stem
height (cm)		 冠幅
Crown width
(cm)		 叶长
Leaf length
(cm)		 叶宽
Leaf width
(cm)		 叶面积
Leaf area
(cm2)		 叶周长
Leaf circumference
(cm)
CK 21.42±3.40e 4.24±0.22d 13.52±1.21b 19.10±1.77e 7.23±0.87 3.04±0.27 11.78±1.38 18.69±1.72
CM 23.74±3.41de 4.87±0.27c 14.00±2.21b 20.84±1.60de 8.27±1.43 3.36±0.04 15.14±1.29 21.91±1.91
CH 25.84±1.81cd 4.91±0.45c 14.64±1.28ab 23.20±2.34cd 8.44±1.73 3.61±0.12 17.90±2.06 23.38±1.14
EK 28.14±3.01bc 5.54±0.33b 14.98±0.64ab 25.24±3.89bc 7.31±0.69 3.41±0.10 14.89±0.69 20.60±0.47
EM 30.00±3.37b 5.86±0.43b 16.16±1.25a 27.07±2.67b 9.36±0.61 3.70±0.22 18.59±1.89 24.29±0.82
EH 35.14±5.21a 6.33±0.29a 16.28±0.91a 31.20±20.9a 11.33±0.12 4.19±0.17 25.65±1.75 30.00±1.22

Table 4

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on biomass accumulation of C.anmuum L. g"

处理
Treatment		 根生物量
Root biomass		 茎生物量
Stem biomass		 叶生物量
Leaf biomass		 总生物量
Total biomass
CK 0.72±0.27d 0.80±0.08e 1.86±0.09d 3.38±0.38e
CM 1.06±0.15cd 1.25±0.08d 2.26±0.05c 4.57±0.15d
CH 1.13±0.26cd 1.36±0.10d 2.40±0.18c 4.89±0.36d
EK 1.43±0.41bc 1.79±0.10c 2.35±0.17c 5.57±0.48c
EM 1.69±0.49ab 2.08±0.12b 2.66±0.12b 6.43±0.41b
EH 2.09±0.32a 3.28±0.06a 3.78±0.06a 9.15±0.36a

Table 5

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on C, N, P and K contents of C.anmuum L. g/kg"

器官
Organ		 处理
Treatment		 C N P K
根
Root		 CK 393.79±1.79c 32.94±0.65b 1.44±0.01c 37.84±1.26b
CM 404.26±0.41b 34.54±0.49a 4.07±0.05a 47.41±1.17a
CH 408.47±7.28b 34.11±0.31a 4.10±0.03a 48.50±0.66a
EK 419.82±3.13a 30.95±0.85c 1.32±0.03d 34.17±1.97c
EM 416.51±2.08a 30.21±0.18cd 3.22±0.04b 39.69±1.16b
EH 420.88±2.34a 29.95±0.28d 3.23±0.02b 30.45±1.27d
茎
Stem		 CK 60.78±6.70b 11.24±0.74a 1.09±0.04bc 75.94±3.69a
CM 63.87±10.10ab 12.09±1.09a 1.31±0.02a 44.58±3.23d
CH 75.66±5.84a 11.86±0.35a 1.34±0.04a 74.75±0.92a
EK 73.75±6.43a 7.47±0.13c 1.03±0.07c 68.14±3.41b
EM 74.21±3.20a 8.86±0.13b 1.12±0.13bc 57.98±3.02c
EH 71.14±1.60ab 8.16±0.35bc 1.18±0.02b 56.70±1.65c
CK 425.42±0.41c 85.77±0.54a 2.25±0.04d 74.11±7.13a
叶
Leaf		 CM 430.58±0.88bc 78.46±1.12b 4.84±0.03a 70.96±1.79a
CH 430.93±1.70bc 79.16±0.22b 4.85±0.04a 69.68±2.16a
EK 434.49±5.08ab 59.39±0.46e 1.88±0.04e 60.32±1.26b
EM 440.06±7.80a 64.14±0.23c 3.29±0.04b 59.23±1.71b
EH 438.52±4.83ab 61.29±0.33d 3.17±0.03c 52.54±3.21c

Fig.1

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on ecological stoichiometric ratio of C.annuum L. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at the P < 0.05 level, the same below."

Table 6

Effects of CO2 enrichment and applying phosphorus fertilizer on Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn contents of C.anmuum L. mg/kg"

器官Organ 处理Treatment Ca Mg Fe Mn Zn
根Root CK 17.51±0.47c 3.42±0.59c 942.09±11.28d 1165.95±32.53a 509.59±2.61c
CM 28.54±0.25a 4.46±0.05b 1224.20±9.33b 996.30±17.24bc 449.47±5.24d
CH 25.43±0.77b 6.02±0.22a 1581.59±15.06a 963.58±29.55c 624.86±4.55b
EK 24.45±1.88b 4.55±0.69b 773.23±11.96e 963.04±4.76c 394.43±12.12e
EM 25.15±1.63b 4.82±0.67b 986.48±11.57c 1159.97±29.64a 764.14±49.34a
EH 25.26±1.75b 4.66±0.47b 922.18±24.29d 1036.28±14.43b 461.33±8.66d
茎Stem CK 17.93±0.18b 6.47±0.50b 153.20±4.23f 368.32±8.25e 134.10±11.70e
CM 12.78±0.79c 5.77±0.28c 339.90±11.60e 316.63±3.74f 126.66±4.99e
CH 20.43±0.07a 7.42±0.37a 387.42±7.90d 583.24±9.02b 202.04±7.36d
EK 13.50±0.39c 5.50±0.07c 844.43±5.88b 471.72±18.87c 343.03±13.40c
EM 13.08±0.96c 5.46±0.33c 678.45±10.38c 411.05±12.12d 885.77±7.76b
EH 11.20±0.41d 5.44±0.06c 931.09±4.11a 768.94±17.96a 912.48±4.86a
CK 22.99±2.61a 6.98±0.17c 230.92±6.08a 631.69±6.42d 367.67±8.66b
叶Leaf CM 19.71±0.66b 7.54±0.37a 165.55±1.90c 665.50±3.43c 429.89±11.66a
CH 19.64±0.42b 7.31±0.29ab 215.09±2.44b 739.34±17.39b 274.90±1.54c
EK 19.18±0.89b 7.54±0.36a 82.86±2.79e 735.86±13.40b 273.29±1.37c
EM 19.35±0.47b 7.57±0.23a 91.46±4.77d 753.60±7.68b 237.84±10.24d
EH 17.79±0.44b 7.18±0.08ab 86.81±4.61de 993.15±6.31a 244.49±5.90d
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