Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 83-87.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.01.013

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Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Sorghum Hybrids Suitable for Mechenization

Zhu Kai,Zhang Fei,Ke Fulai,Wang Yanqiu,Zou Jianqiu   

  1. Innovation Center, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2017-07-07 Revised:2017-12-07 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-08-24

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Abstract:

Sorghum cultivars Liaoza 37 and Jinza 34 were used as experimental materials to determine and analyze the yield, yield components, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and population transmittance. The results showed that Liaoza 37 and Jinza 34 had the highest yield 10 551.0kg/hm2 and 10 324.5kg/hm2 at the density of 13.5×104 plants/hm2. This results showed that the spike number, the grain number per spike and the grain weight were coordinately best at this density and the higher yield could be maintained. The results also showed that the spike number, grain number per panicle and grain weight were good at 120 to150 thousand plants/hm2 for Liaoza 37 and 120-135 thousand plants/hm2 for Jinza 34. As the density continued to increase, the photosynthetic rate and transmittance of the population will decrease significantly and dry matter accumulation and yield formation would be affected.

Key words: Density, Mechanization, Sorghum, Yield, Physiology

Table 1

Comparison of yield and yield component of two sorghum varieties under different densities"

品种
Variety		 性状Traits 9.0
×104/hm2		 10.5
×104/hm2		 12.0
×104/hm2		 13.5
×104/hm2		 15.0
×104/hm2		 16.5
×104/hm2		 与产量相关系数(R)
Correlation coefficient with yield
辽杂37 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 8 526.0 9 346.5 9 978.0 10 551.0 9 723.0 8 839.5 1
Liaoza 37 穗数Panicle number (×103/hm2) 79.5 93.0 106.5 112.5 126.0 135.0 0.93**
穗粒数Grains per panicle (×103) 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.8 2.4 0.42
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 27.5 28.5 27.3 28.0 27.1 25.4 0.26
穗粒重Grain weight per panicle (g) 119.3 107.8 108.2 113.5 94.2 73.8 0.79*
晋杂34 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 8 662.5 9 045.0 9 901.5 10 324.5 9 193.5 8 668.5 1
Jinza 34 穗数Panicle number (×103/hm2) 79.5 90.0 108.0 117.0 129.0 142.5 0.90**
穗粒数Grains per panicle (×103) 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.2 2.5 2.1 0.21
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 23.8 24.1 24.5 23.9 23.8 24.1 0.37
穗粒重Grain weight per panicle(g) 108.1 105.8 99.2 93.7 74.0 63.0 0.68

Table 2

Comparison of photosynthetic rate of two sorghum varieties under different densities μmolCO2/(m2·s)"

品种Variety 测量部位Measurement site 9.0×104/hm2 10.5×104/hm2 12.0×104/hm2 13.5×104/hm2 15.0×104/hm2 16.5×104/hm2
辽杂37 上部Upper 28.05 27.83 26.34 24.86 21.77 19.14
Liaoza 37 中部Middle 23.23 23.91 25.09 22.28 18.85 17.25
下部Lower 21.24 20.22 19.63 19.08 16.41 16.17
平均Average 24.17 23.99 23.69 22.07 19.01 17.52
晋杂34 上部Upper 27.38 25.98 24.94 21.08 19.78 18.37
Jinza 34 中部Middle 24.49 22.03 20.35 19.02 18.48 16.25
下部Lower 23.21 20.14 18.11 18.29 17.51 14.02
平均Average 25.03 22.72 21.13 19.46 18.59 16.21
密度间F值Density F value 97.56**
品种间F值Varieties F value 37.12*

Table 3

Comparison of light intensity of two sorghum varieties under different densities lux"

品种Variety 测量部位Measurement site 9.0×104/hm2 10.5×104/hm2 12.0×104/hm2 13.5×104/hm2 15.0×104/hm2 16.5×104/hm2
辽杂37 上部Upper 1 289.02 1 280.67 1 271.28 1 225.71 1 102.74 1 033.43
Liaoza 37 中部Middle 1 005.55 942.58 942.17 896.59 821.68 821.74
下部Lower 798.36 680.14 655.76 599.13 569.46 560.71
平均Average 1 030.98 967.80 956.40 907.14 831.29 805.29
晋杂34 上部Upper 1 285.69 1 263.78 1 201.08 1 183.42 1 158.47 1 145.33
Jinza 34 中部Middle 888.96 952.18 913.79 869.48 956.21 923.31
下部Lower 786.37 743.19 800.26 713.09 610.28 518.63
平均Average 987.01 986.38 971.71 922.00 908.32 862.42
密度间F值Density F value 104.32**
品种间F值Varieties F value 35.21*

Fig.1

Comparison of chlorophyll content of two cultivars under different densities||| Different lowercase letters indicate P<0.05, the same below"

Fig.2

Comparison of leaf area index of two cultivars under different densities"

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