Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 135-141.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.06.023

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Effects of Exogenous GA3 and IAA on Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Southern Shaanxi Province

Hu Qiang1,Jin Baofeng1,Zheng Pufan2,Chen Fucai2,Li Sitong2,Mao Kailun2,Liu Hailun3,Tang Yonghong3,Zhang Lixin2   

  1. 1 Technology Center,China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510385,Guangdong,China
    2 College of Life Sciences,Northwest A & F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;
    3 Tobacco Company of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710061,Shaanxi,China;
  • Received:2016-06-15 Revised:2016-10-20 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

To explore an efficient way for improving the quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco in Southern Shaanxi province, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of gibberellin (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on contents of total carbon, soluble total sugar, reducing sugar, starch, total nitrogen and nicotine, the economic characters and chemical compositions in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco using Yunyan 99 as material. There were significant increases in the contents of total carbon, total potassium, total soluble sugar and reducing sugar by 23.80%, 46.58%, 38.10% and 48.55% , respectively , under the combination treatment of GA3 50mg/L and IAA 30mg/L at 30 days after toping. Moreover, it was also showed increases in the ratio of sugar to alkali and the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine, while decreases in the nicotine and starch content of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under the same spraying treatment. And, the improvement was better under combination than single application treatment, especially for yield, the proportion of superior tobacco leaves, total sugar content and reducing sugar content of baking tobacco leaves (P<0.01). In conclusion, the combination application of GA3 50mg/L and IAA 30mg/L was the best treatment to improve carbon and nitrogen metabolism resulting in enhancement of quality in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Gibberellin (GA3), Indole acetic acid (IAA), Yield and quality

Table 1

Test design"

处理Treatments
CK 清水
T1 IAA 30mg/L
T2 IAA 60mg/L
T3 GA3 50mg/L
T4 GA3 100mg/L
T5 GA3 50mg/L+IAA 30mg/L
T6 GA3 50mg/L+IAA 60mg/L
T7 GA3 100mg/L+IAA 30mg/L
T8 GA3 100mg/L+IAA 60mg/L

Table 2

Effects of GA3 and IAA on total carbon content and total potassium content of flue-cured tobacco leaves %"

处理
Treatments		 打顶后30d After topping 30d
全碳
Total carbon content		 全钾
Total potassium content
CK 50.49±0.41d 1.46±0.01e
T1 59.38±0.24b 2.12±0.01a
T2 46.40±0.24e 1.55±0.01d
T3 51.21±0.41cd 1.85±0.02c
T4 38.95±0.41fg 1.84±0.01c
T5 62.51±0.63a 2.14±0.05a
T6 39.91±0.24f 1.94±0.01b
T7 52.89±0.96c 1.79±0.01c
T8 36.78±0.41g 1.29±0.05f

Table 3

Effects of GA3 and IAA on soluble sugar content, reducing sugar content and starch content of flue-cured tobacco leaves %"

处理
Treatments		 打顶后30d After topping 30d
可溶性总糖Soluble sugar content 还原糖Reducing sugar content 淀粉Sarch content
CK 15.46±0.21d 10.38±0.06g 10.81±0.04e
T1 21.77±0.06a 12.02±0.06e 12.43±0.06a
T2 13.13±0.10f 11.03±0.17f 12.32±0.06ab
T3 21.27±0.10a 11.75±0.06e 12.09±0.06bc
T4 17.45±0.12c 14.48±0.08b 10.13±0.05f
T5 21.35±0.19a 15.42±0.08a 12.56±0.07a
T6 18.07±0.25b 13.19±0.08d 11.80±0.12d
T7 17.60±0.25bc 13.41±0.13d 11.94±0.07cd
T8 12.63±0.19f 13.91±0.05c 12.32±0.14ab

Table 4

Effects of GA3 and IAA on total nitrogen content and nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco leaves %"

处理
Treatments		 打顶后30d After topping 30d
全氮
Total nitrogen content		 烟碱
Nicotine content
CK 1.67±0.03d 3.22±0.04a
T1 2.53±0.02a 2.73±0.05e
T2 1.74±0.02d 2.84±0.07cde
T3 1.87±0.03c 2.81±0.08de
T4 1.92±0.03c 3.09±0.02ab
T5 2.22±0.03b 2.69±0.00e
T6 1.90±0.06c 2.96±0.02bcd
T7 1.87±0.05c 2.92±0.05cd
T8 1.98±0.02c 3.00±0.04bc

Table 5

Effects of GA3 and IAA on economic character of flue-cured tobacco"

处理Treatments 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 产值Output value (元/hm2) 上等烟比例Proportion of superior tobacco leaves(%)
CK 2 370.15±58.25b 53 518.05±1 397.5bc 44.25±0.61bc
T1 2 396.70±56.77b 54 237.30±1 162.96bc 43.81±0.44c
T2 2 504.85±58.22ab 56 488.65±1 404.37abc 44.31±0.64bc
T3 2 500.80±60.75ab 56 318.55±2 074.70abc 44.78±0.83abc
T4 2 403.15±57.26ab 53 839.05±1 218.53bc 43.11±0.61c
T5 2 584.65±58.76a 59 012.85±1 556.95a 46.78±0.55a
T6 2 547.60±58.26ab 58 161.75±1 432.51ab 46.12±0.52ab
T7 2 520.45±55.89ab 57 502.20±1 138.26ab 46.23±0.84ab
T8 2 407.95±55.37ab 52 445.10±826.79c 39.82±0.50d

Table 6

Effects of GA3 and IAA on chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco leaves after baking"

处理
Treatments		 可溶性总糖(%)
Total sugar
content		 还原糖(%)
Reducing sugar content		 淀粉(%)
Starch
content		 烟碱(%)
Nicotine
content		 钾(%)
Potassium
content		 总氮(%)
Total nitrogen content		 糖碱比
Ratio of sugar
to alkali		 氮碱比
Ratio of total
nitrogen to nicotine
CK 21.27±0.03f 18.61±0.03d 4.37±0.03a 3.65±0.13a 1.44±0.03a 1.74±0.03a 5.11±0.34e 0.48±0.03b
T1 25.21±0.13de 21.57±0.13a 3.26±0.13b 3.51±0.12ab 1.68±0.13a 1.98±0.13a 6.16±0.29b 0.56±0.02ab
T2 32.09±0.06b 19.41±0.06c 4.45±0.06a 3.58±0.06a 1.48±0.06a 1.97±0.06a 5.43±0.2de 0.55±0.03ab
T3 25.50±0.38de 17.97±0.38d 1.60±0.38d 3.32±0.01bc 1.61±0.38a 2.30±0.38a 5.41±0.18de 0.69±0.11a
T4 24.92±0.06e 20.85±0.06b 2.39±0.06c 3.51±0.02ab 1.46±0.06a 1.86±0.06a 5.94±0.02bc 0.53±0.02ab
T5 25.67±0.07d 21.00±0.07ab 1.83±0.07cd 2.92±0.01e 1.95±0.07a 2.11±0.07a 7.19±0.01a 0.72±0.02a
T6 25.56±0.13de 18.31±0.13d 1.89±0.13cd 3.09±0.01de 1.75±0.13a 1.93±0.13a 5.93±0.09bc 0.62±0.04ab
T7 35.34±0.26a 19.71±0.26c 1.95±0.26cd 3.31±0.02bc 1.48±0.26a 1.95±0.26a 5.96±0.19bc 0.59±0.08ab
T8 30.94±0.32c 18.20±0.32d 3.28±0.32b 3.21±0.03cd 1.27±0.32a 1.87±0.32a 5.67±0.09cd 0.58±0.1ab

Table 7

F-test on economic character and chemical compositions of leaves of flue-cured tobacco after baking"

处理
Treatments		 产量
Yield		 上等烟比例
Proportion of superior
tobacco leaves		 可溶性总糖含量
Total sugar
content		 还原糖含量
Reducing sugar
content		 淀粉含量
Starch
content		 钾含量
Potassium
content		 总氮含量
Total nitrogen
content
GA3 1 380.81** 153.36** 513.92** 11.34* 97.85** 2.58 1.19
IAA 535.63** 94.75** 693.47** 91.46** 13.79** 1.01 0.15
GA3+IAA 354.11** 94.10** 365.89** 39.59** 4.60 0.23 0.61

Table 8

Path analysis and decision analysis between the indicators and output value of flue-cured tobacco"

因素
Factors		 简单相关系数
Correlation coefficient		 直接通径系数
Direct path coefficient		 间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient 间接通径系数合计
Sum of indirect path coefficient		 决策系数
Decision coefficient
全钾
Total potassium content		 总氮
Total nitrogen content		 淀粉
Starch content		 还原糖
Reducing sugar content
全钾 Total potassium 0.585 1.025 - -0.652 0.120 0.091 -0.440 0.149
总氮Total nitrogen 0.021 -1.020 0.655 - 0.291 0.094 1.040 -1.083
淀粉Starch 0.394 0.648 0.191 -0.458 - 0.013 -0.254 0.091
还原糖 Reducing sugar 0.273 0.253 0.369 -0.381 0.033 - 0.021 0.074
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