Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 91-95.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.06.016

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Effects of Different Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Maize in Dry Area

He Haijun,Wang Xiaojuan,Kou Sirong   

  1. Institute of Crop,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China
  • Received:2017-08-14 Revised:2017-10-13 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Xiaojuan Wang

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Abstract:

The effects of 45 000, 52 500, 60 000, 67 500, and 75 000 plants/hm 2 on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of maize were studied using whole-film-mulching-and-double-furrow-sowing in dryland. The results showed that leaf area index (LAI), Pn, Tr, Gs and water use effieiency increased with the increase of planting density, and LAI was positively correlated with photosynthetic indexes (P<0.05) below 67 500 plants/hm 2. However, when the density was too large, photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency decreased significantly. Rows of ear, number of grain per row, 1000-grain weight and grain ratio decreased with the increase of density. The yield increased with the increase of density in the range of 45 000-67 500 plant/hm 2 up to 10 879.5kg/hm 2. Therefore, the photosynthetic rate,water use efficiency and yield were the highest when the density was 67 500 plant/hm 2.

Key words: Maize, Planting density, Photosynthetic characteristic, Yield

Fig.1

Changes of LAI under different planting densities"

Fig.2

Changes of Pn under different planting densities The same lower case letters indicate the differences between the treatments is not significant at 0.05 level, the different lower case letters indicated the significant differences at 0.05 level among treatments. The same below"

Fig.3

Changes of Tr under different planting densities"

Fig.4

Changes of Gs under different planting densities"

Fig.5

Changes of WUE under different planting densities"

Table 1

Correlation analysis of photosynthetic factors"

处理Treatment 光合指标Photosynthetic factor LAI Pn Tr Gs WUE
LAI 1 -0.9618** 0.9698** -0.9906** -0.9713**
Pn -1 0.9977** -0.9901** -0.9993**
D1~D4 Tr 1 -0.9925** -0.9986**
Gs -1 -0.9946**
WUE -1
LAI 1 -0.1690 0.0115 -0.0628 -0.1653
Pn -1 0.9828** -0.9922** -0.9998**
D1~D5 Tr 1 -0.9933** -0.9831**
Gs -1 -0.9937**
WUE -1

Table 2

The effects of planting densities on agronomic traits and yield factors of maize"

处理Treatment 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗位高(cm)
Ear height		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 穗粗(cm)
Ear
diameter		 轴粗(cm)
Cob
diameter		 秃尖长(cm)
Barren ear
tip length		 穗行数
No. of rows
per ear		 行粒数
No. of grain
per row		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain
weight		 出子率(%)
Grain ratio		 产量
(kg/hm2)
Yied
D1 275a 96a 19.3a 5.5a 3.2a 0.0c 18.0a 36.5a 325.0a 89.2a 8 895.0e
D2 275a 96a 19.2a 5.5a 3.2a 0.0c 18.0a 36.4a 325.0a 89.0a 9 483.0c
D3 270a 94a 19.2a 5.4a 3.1ab 0.0c 18.0a 36.0a 324.0ab 88.2ab 10 206.0b
D4 262b 88b 18.5a 5.2b 3.1ab 0.3b 17.2a 34.5b 319.0b 87.4b 10 879.5a
D5 253c 80c 17.0b 4.5c 3.0b 0.9a 16.1b 30.0c 300.0c 85.0c 9 229.5d

Table 3

The correlations between Pn, WUE and Yield factors"

指标
Index		 穗行数
Rows of
ear		 行粒数
No. of grain
per row		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight		 出子率
Grain
ratio		 产量
Yield
Pn 0.5848* 0.6593** 0.7112** 0.5495* 0.7793**
WUE 0.5879* 0.6602** 0.7126** 0.5493* 0.7833**
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