Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 44-51.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.02.008

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Variation of Agronomic Traits and Genetic Diversity in Wheat Germplasms

Zhang Shuai,Pang Yuhui,Wang Zhenghong,Wang Liming,Chen Chunyan,Zeng Zhankui,Wang Chunping   

  1. College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
  • Received:2017-12-13 Revised:2018-01-28 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-08-27

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Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic variation and diversity in different ecological areas, 44 CIMMYT spring wheat and 45 domestic main wheat germplasms were analyzed by the 20 SSR primers. The results showed that the coefficient of variation in grain weight per plant, plant height and kernel number per spike were 36.7%, 16.4% and 15.6%, respectively. By 20 pairs of specific primers from 89 wheat germplasms, 162 alleles were detected, and allele number each primer ranged from 6 to 9 with the average of 8.1, in whcih the primer with the most abundant was Xgwm314; and polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.0223 to 0.8177, with the average value of 0.5109. The range of the average effective number of alleles loci ranged from 0.2984 to 8.7818, and the most abundant polymorphism was Xgwm165 with the average value of 1.2215. Shannon’s information index ranged from 0.1114 to 0.3162, the average value was 0.2307. The results of cluster analysis showed that 89 wheat germplasms could be divided into two groups, the first category accounted for 25, and the plant height was lower; the second category accounted for 64, and most of the foreign materials were concentrated in this category. According to the main traits of wheat varieties (lines), it was urgent to broaden and create new wheat germplasm resources to provide excellent parent materials for breeding new wheat varieties.

Key words: Wheat, Germplasm, Genetic diversity, SSR marker, Agronomic trait

Table 1

Wheat varieties（lines） used in the experiment"

编号
Code		 品种（系）
Variety (Line)		 产地
Origin		 编号
Code		 品种（系）
Variety (Line)		 产地
Origin
1 YAQUI 50 墨西哥 45 科林0369 中国河南
2 SONALIKA 墨西哥 46 西农2112 中国陕西
3 SIETE CERROS T66 墨西哥 47 周麦30 中国河南
4 PAVON F 76 墨西哥 48 轮选118 中国北京
5 SERI M 82 墨西哥 49 西农185 中国陕西
6 PBW343 墨西哥 50 九丰2号 中国黑龙江
7 ATTILA 墨西哥 51 豫研麦11 中国河南
8 ROELFS F2007 墨西哥 52 金麦25 中国天津
9 REEDLING #1 墨西哥 53 豫麦49 中国河南
10 KACHU #1 墨西哥 54 豫麦25 中国河南
11 SUPER 152 墨西哥 55 中育9307 中国河南
12 MISR 1 墨西哥 56 绿丰麦382 中国河南
13 BAJ #1 墨西哥 57 皖丰08991 中国安徽
14 FRANCOLIN #1 墨西哥 58 漯麦2267 中国河南
15 PICAFLOR #1 墨西哥 59 周麦31号 中国河南
16 DANPHE #1 墨西哥 60 西农16 中国陕西
17 PBW343*2/KUKUNA*2//FRTL/PIFED 墨西哥 61 小偃54 中国陕西
18 ATTILA*2/PBW65*2//KACHU 墨西哥 62 AMIGO 美国
19 CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/ PASTOR/4/BAV92*2/5/FH6-1-7 墨西哥 63 中焦2号 中国北京
64 百农898 中国河南
20 KACHU #1/KIRITATI//KACHU 墨西哥 65 淮麦20 中国江苏
21 ATTILA*2/PBW65*2//MURGA 墨西哥 66 济麦22 中国山东
22 SUP152/TECUE #1//SUP152 墨西哥 67 良星66 中国山东
23 KACHU/DANPHE 墨西哥 68 郑麦7698 中国河南
24 VILLA JUAREZ F2009/DANPHE #1 墨西哥 69 陕509 中国陕西
25 SWSR22T.B./2*BLOUK #1//WBLL1*2/KURUKU 墨西哥 70 周麦26号 中国河南
26 Korea-31 韩国 71 轮选158 中国北京
27 Korea-32 韩国 72 许科316 中国河南
28 Korea-33 韩国 73 郑麦0856 中国河南
29 Korea-39 韩国 74 众麦8号 中国河南
30 DRT-1 墨西哥 75 百农207 中国河南
31 DRT-2 墨西哥 76 申0316 中国安徽
32 DRT-3 墨西哥 77 郑麦9023 中国河南
33 DRT-4 墨西哥 78 金粒106 中国吉林
34 DRT-5 墨西哥 79 乐麦1156 中国安徽
35 DRT-6 墨西哥 80 西农3517 中国陕西
36 DRT-9 墨西哥 81 郑麦366 中国河南
37 DRT-10 墨西哥 82 西农2611 中国陕西
38 BAJ1 墨西哥 83 周麦18 中国河南
39 BAJ2 墨西哥 84 矮抗58 中国河南
40 BAJ3 墨西哥 85 西农889 中国陕西
41 CIMMYT-1 墨西哥 86 西农9817 中国陕西
42 REEDLING(Borlaug 100） 墨西哥 87 周麦28号 中国河南
43 HYBRID 墨西哥 88 长河25 中国河南
44 泛麦11 中国河南 89 农麦1号 中国江苏

Table 2

SSR primers and their located chromosome"

编号
Code		 引物
Primer		 染色体
Chromosome		 正向引物
Forward primer(5'-3')		 反向引物
Reverse primer(5'-3')
1 Xgwm33 1A GGAGTCACACTTGTTTGTGCA CACTGCACACCTAACTACCTGC
2 Xwmc134 1B CCAAGCTGTCTGACTGCCATAG AGTATAGACCTCTGGCTCACGG
3 Xbarc181 1B CGCTGGAGGGGGTAAGTCATCAC CGCAAATCAAGAACACGGGAGAAAGAA
4 Xgdm33 1D GGCTCAATTCAACCGTTCTT TACGTTCTGGTGGCTGCTC
5 Xwmc522 2A AAAAATCTCACGAGTCGGGC CCCGAGCAGGAGCTACAAAT
6 Xgwm122 2A GGGTGGGAGAAAGGAGATG AAACCATCCTCCATCCTGG
7 Xwmc54 2B TATTGTGCAATCGCAGCATCTC TGCGACATTGGCAACCACTTCT
8 Xgwm114 2B ACAAACAGAAAATCAAAACCCG ATCCATCGCCATTGGAGTG
9 Xwmc144 2D GGACACCAATCCAACATGAACA AAGGATAGTTGGGTGGTGCTGA
10 Xbarc105 3A CAGGAAGAAAAGGAAAGCATGCGACAA GCGGTGTGGCAATAATTACTTTTT
11 Xbarc158 3B TGTGTGGGAAGAAACTGAGTCATC AGGAATACCAAAAGAAGCAAACCAAC
12 Xgwm314 3D AGGAGCTCCTCTGTGCCAC TTCGGGACTCTCTTCCCTG
13 Xgwm165 4A TGCAGTGGTCAGATGTTTCC CTTTTCTTTCAGATTGCGCC
14 Xgwm113 4B ATTCGAGGTTAGGAGGAAGAGG GAGGGTCGGCCTATAAGACC
15 Xbarc319 5A GCAGAGCTACGGCAATGT GCGTAAGTCCCGGAAGTAACAGAA
16 Xgwm234 5B GAGTCCTGATGTGAAGCTGTTG CTCATTGGGGTGTGTACGTG
17 Xgdm116 5B GCTGCAATGCAAGGTCTCTT GATGTGGCTTTCTAAGGCAA
18 Xgwm565 5D GCGTCAGATATGCCTACCTAGG AGTGAGTTAGCCCTGAGCCA
19 BARC144 5D GCGTTTTAGGTGGACGACATAGATAGA GCGCCACGGGCATTTCTCATAC
20 Xgwm471 7AS CGGCCCTATCATGGCTG GCTTGCAAGTTCCATTTTGC

Table 3

Variations of three traits in 89 wheat varieties (lines)"

性状Trait 最大值
Max		 最小值
Min		 平均值
Mean		 极差
Range		 标准偏差
Standard deviation		 变异系数(%)
Coefficient of variation
株高Plant height (cm) 118.00 54.60 72.31 63.40 11.85 16.4
单株产量Grain weight per plant (g) 23.81 2.71 12.72 21.11 4.66 36.7
穗粒数Kernel number per spike 86.80 38.20 57.37 48.60 8.93 15.6

Fig.1

Amplified result of 48 wheat germplasms by Xgwm314 primer"

Table 4

Number of alleles detected at 20 SSR loci and PIC value at each locus"

引物
Primer		 等位基因数目
Number of alleles		 多态性信息含量
PIC		 引物
Primer		 等位基因数目
Number of alleles		 多态性信息含量
PIC
Xgwm33 7 0.5147 Xgwm314 9 0.4501
Xwmc134 6 0.1717 Xgwm165 7 0.8177
Xbarc181 7 0.2319 Xgwm113 9 0.7444
Xgdm33 7 0.6844 Xbarc319 8 0.6319
Xwmc522 9 0.3272 Xgwm234 9 0.6844
Xgwm122 7 0.5898 Xgdm116 9 0.5147
Xwmc54 7 0.0223 Xgwm565 9 0.2708
Xgwm114 9 0.3455 BARC144 9 0.6181
Xwmc144 8 0.5455 Xgwm471 8 0.8080
Xbarc105 9 0.5605 总数Total 162 -
Xbarc158 9 0.6844 平均值Average 8.1 0.5109

Table 5

Genetic diversity level of 89 wheat germplasms"

品种(系)编号
Variety (line) code		 平均每位点有效
等位基因数
Average of effective alleles		 Shannon’s信息指数
Shannon's
information index
1 0.9602 0.2466
2 1.7506 0.2551
3 1.1655 0.2866
4 1.3853 0.2723
5 1.2448 0.2697
6 1.9384 0.3134
7 1.1436 0.2846
8 1.7976 0.3162
9 1.0068 0.2463
10 1.0324 0.2192
11 0.9595 0.1744
12 1.3177 0.1669
13 1.0403 0.2762
14 0.8488 0.2710
15 0.9029 0.2278
16 1.0543 0.2435
17 1.1560 0.2258
18 1.1134 0.2776
19 0.8250 0.2576
20 1.6755 0.2685
21 0.8869 0.2539
22 0.9468 0.1870
23 0.8134 0.1525
24 1.2908 0.1588
25 2.9033 0.2849
26 0.8753 0.2436
27 1.8960 0.2425
28 1.0386 0.2408
29 1.2893 0.2358
30 1.0074 0.2841
31 8.7818 0.2425
32 2.0647 0.2332
33 1.3764 0.2148
34 1.3313 0.1662
35 1.6940 0.1545
品种(系)编号
Variety (line) code		 平均每位点有效
等位基因数
Average of effective alleles		 Shannon’s信息指数
Shannon's
information index
36 0.8584 0.2347
37 1.1075 0.2513
38 0.9105 0.2250
39 0.8281 0.2191
40 1.0978 0.2335
41 1.4654 0.2358
42 0.9007 0.2304
43 0.3738 0.1159
44 0.8311 0.2282
45 0.9495 0.2315
46 1.0255 0.2407
47 0.9278 0.2272
48 0.9300 0.2510
49 0.9945 0.2820
50 0.7336 0.2583
51 0.7336 0.2372
52 1.9845 0.2663
53 1.3347 0.2333
54 0.2984 0.1294
55 0.9356 0.1473
56 0.9693 0.2411
57 0.8795 0.2503
58 0.9155 0.2832
59 0.9090 0.2389
60 1.2180 0.2489
61 0.9015 0.2487
62 1.9762 0.2764
63 0.9018 0.2261
64 1.2690 0.2514
65 0.8839 0.1953
66 0.3163 0.1216
67 0.3473 0.1182
68 0.9675 0.2659
69 0.8211 0.2213
70 0.8558 0.2470
71 1.8161 0.2276
72 1.8041 0.2777
73 1.8576 0.2779
74 0.9633 0.2187
75 0.3596 0.1439
76 0.4190 0.1225
77 0.3202 0.1114
78 3.6040 0.2616
79 1.0020 0.2769
80 0.8792 0.2488
81 0.8471 0.2387
82 1.0692 0.2816
品种(系)编号
Variety (line) code		 平均每位点有效
等位基因数
Average of effective alleles		 Shannon’s信息指数
Shannon's
information index
83 1.1833 0.2396
84 1.8596 0.2833
85 1.8518 0.2706
86 1.1016 0.2599
87 0.8009 0.1806
88 0.5734 0.1531
89 0.5361 0.1552
平均Average 1.2215 0.2307

Fig.2

Cluster analysis of 89 wheat varieties (lines)"

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