Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 20-27.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.004

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Identification of Stearyl -ACP Desaturase Gene (SbSAD) Family and Their Expression Analysis at Different Developmental Stages in Sorghum

Zhao Xunchao,Xu Jingyu(),Gai Shengnan,Wei Yulei,Xu Xiaoxuan,Ding Dong,Liu Meng,Zhang Jinjie,Shao Wenjing   

  1. College of Agronomy, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2019-08-19 Revised:2019-10-14 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-13
  • Contact: Jingyu Xu E-mail:xujingyu2003@hotmail.com

RichHTML

7

PDF (PC)

405

Abstract:

Stearyl-ACP desaturase is a key enzyme to form unsaturated fatty acids. A total of 11 full-length SbSADs genes were identified by Blastp from the NCBI and Phytozome database using the SbSADs genes as queries. The protein properties, phylogenetics, tissue-specific expression patterns of SbSADs, gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosome mapping, secondary and tertiary structures, cis-elements in promoter regions and their expression level at various seed development stages were analyzed. The results showed that open reading frame of SbSADs genes was among 1 134-1 290bp, the number of amino acids of their encoded proteins ranged from 377 to 449, the maximum molecular weight was 48.0kDa and the minimum was 39.8kDa, and the isoelectric point was 5.26-8.76. According to phylogenetic analysis, SbSADs were divided into 2 sub-groups, and the expression level of sub-group I was higher in different tissues. SbSADs genes were unequally mapped on 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 10 chromosomes of sorghum. The prediction of secondary structure showed that SbSADs proteins was mainly composed of α-helix and irregular coil, while the tertiary structures prediction showed that except SbSAD8, the rest of SbSADs proteins were highly similar. In the SbSADs gene family, there were a number of cis-elements related to low temperature stress. The expression of SbSAD5 gene was higher at 5 and 10d of seed development.

Key words: Sorghum, Stearyl-ACP desaturase, Bioinformatics, Gene family

Table 1

Analysis of protein characterization of SbSADs in sorghum"

基因
Gene		 登录号
ID		 编码区(bp)
Open reading frame		 氨基酸数
Number of amino acid		 分子量(kDa)
Molecular weight		 等电点
Isoelectric point
SbSAD1 Sobic.001G265300 1 290 429 47.5 8.76
SbSAD2 Sobic.001G280700 1 194 397 44.7 7.15
SbSAD3 Sobic.001G334501 1 350 449 48.0 6.47
SbSAD4 Sobic.002G258500 1 245 414 44.5 6.79
SbSAD5 Sobic.003G377100 1 143 380 42.7 6.62
SbSAD6 Sobic.003G404000 1 194 397 45.1 6.44
SbSAD7 Sobic.004G153300 1 251 416 46.7 6.62
SbSAD8 Sobic.004G157550 1 134 377 39.8 5.26
SbSAD9 Sobic.006G048700 1 179 392 44.7 6.53
SbSAD10 Sobic.007G071600 1 272 423 46.9 8.18
SbSAD11 Sobic.010G235300 1 233 410 45.6 6.71

Fig.1

Phylogenetic relationships of SAD proteins from rice, maize, Arabidopsis and sorghum"

Fig.2

The expression profile of SbSADs gene family at different developmental stages and tissues in sorghum"

Fig.3

Genetic structure analysis of SbSAD gene family in sorghum"

Fig.4

Conserved motif analysis of SbSADs protein"

Fig.5

Chromosomal location of SbSADs"

Table 2

Amino acid number and percentage of secondary structure of SbSADs protein"

蛋白
Protein		 α-螺旋α-helix 延长链Extension chain β-折叠β-sheet 无规则卷曲Random coil
数量
Amount		 比例(%)
Proportion		 数量
Amount		 比例(%)
Proportion		 数量
Amount		 比例(%)
Proportion		 数量
Amount		 比例(%)
Proportion
SbSAD1 221 51.52 46 10.72 45 10.49 117 27.27
SbSAD2 206 51.89 40 10.08 29 7.30 122 30.73
SbSAD3 216 48.11 57 12.69 54 12.03 122 27.17
SbSAD4 212 51.21 49 11.84 38 9.18 115 27.78
SbSAD5 215 56.58 40 10.53 39 10.26 86 22.63
SbSAD6 210 52.90 49 12.34 29 7.30 109 27.46
SbSAD7 219 52.64 32 7.69 30 7.21 135 32.45
SbSAD8 153 40.58 54 14.32 24 6.37 146 38.73
SbSAD9 205 53.66 38 9.95 32 8.38 107 38.73
SbSAD10 225 53.19 51 12.06 39 9.22 108 25.53
SbSAD11 243 59.27 31 7.56 43 10.49 93 22.68

Fig.6

Prediction results of secondary structure (A) and tertiary structure (B) of SbSADs protein"

Fig.7

Distribution of cis-elements in SbSADs gene promoters"

Fig.8

Expression of SbSADs gene at different development days of seeds"

[1] 杨士春 . 甜高粱籽粒中脂肪酸含量的气相色谱分析. 中国粮油学报, 2012,27(11):100-104.
[2] 张国琴, 葛玉彬, 张正英 , 等. 高粱抗旱研究综述. 甘肃农业科技, 2018,56(6):67-72.
[3] O'Byrne D J, Knauft D A, Shireman R B . Low fat-monounsaturated rich diets containing high-oleic peanuts improve serum lipoprotein profiles. Lipids, 1997,32(7):687-695.
[4] Carrillo C, Del M C M, Roelofs H , et al. Activation of human neutrophils by oleic acid involves the production of reactive oxygen species and a rise in cytosolic calcium concentration:a comparison with N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 2011,28(2):329-338.
[5] 袁蕊, 敖宗华, 丁海龙 , 等. 高粱中脂肪酸和低分子有机酸气相色谱测定. 酿酒, 2011,38(4):42-43.
[6] Ohlrogge J, Browse J . Lipid biosynthesis. The Plant Cell, 1995,7(7):957-970.
[7] Xuan W Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z Q , et al. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a novel BCCP subunit gene from Aleurites moluccana. Genetics and Molecular Research, 2015,14(3):9922-9931.
[8] Gonzalez-Thuillier I, Venegas-Caleron M, Sanchez R , et al. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) fatty acid synthase complex:beta-hydroxyacyl-[acyl carrier protein] dehydratase genes. Planta, 2016,243(2):397-410.
[9] Rodriguez M F, Sanchez-Garcia A, Salas J J , et al. Characterization of soluble acyl-ACP desaturases from Camelina sativa,Macadamia tetraphylla and Dolichandra unguiscati. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2015,178(15):35-42.
[10] Li-Beisson Y, Shorrosh B, Beisson F , et al. Acyl-lipid metabolism. The Arabidopsis Book, 2013,11:e0161.
[11] Kachroo A, Shanklin J, Whittle E , et al. The Arabidopsis stearoyl-acyl carrier protein-desaturase family and the contribution of leaf isoforms to oleic acid synthesis. Plant Molecular Biology, 2007,63(2):257-271.
[12] Ruddle P N, Whetten R, Cardinal A , et al. Effect of a novel mutation in a △9-stearoyl-ACP-desaturase on soybean seed oil composition. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2013,126(1):241-249.
[13] Jung S, Tate P L, Horn R , et al. The phylogenetic relationship of possible progenitors of the cultivated peanut. Journal of Heredity, 2003,94(4):334-340.
[14] Knutzon D S, Thompson G A, Radke S E , et al. Modification of Brassica seed oil by antisense expression of a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992,89(7):2624-2628.
[15] Slocombe S P, Cummins I, Jarvis R P , et al. Nucleotide sequence and temporal regulation of a seed-specific Brassica napus cDNA encoding a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) desaturase. Plant Molecular Biology, 1992,20(1):151-155.
[16] Shanklin J, Somerville C . Stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein desaturase from higher plants is structurally unrelated to the animal and fungal homologs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1991,88(6):2510-2514.
[17] McKeon T A, Stumpf P K . Purification and characterization of the stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase and the acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase from maturing seeds of safflower. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1982,257(20):12141-12147.
[18] Zhang Y, Maximova S N, Guiltinan M J . Characterization of a stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase gene family from chocolate tree,Theobroma cacao L. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015,6:239-251.
[19] Lightner J, Wu J, Browse J . A mutant of Arabidopsis with increased levels of stearic acid. Plant Physiology, 1994,106(4):1443-1451.
[20] Osorio J, Fernándezmartínez J, Mancha M , et al. Mutant sunflowers with high concentration of saturated fatty acids in the oil. Crop Science, 1995,35(3):739-742.
[21] Craig W, Lenzi P, Scotti N , et al. Transplastomic tobacco plants expressing a fatty acid desaturase gene exhibit altered fatty acid profiles and improved cold tolerance. Transgenic Research, 2008,17(5):769-782.
[22] Byfield G E, Xue H, Upchurch R G . Two genes from soybean encoding soluble Δ9 stearoyl-ACP desaturases. Crop Science, 2006,46(2):840-846.
[23] Murata N, Ishizaki-Nishizawa O, Higashi S , et al. Genetically engineered alteration in the chilling sensitivity of plants. Nature, 1992,356:710-713.
[24] Kodama H, Horiguchi G, Nishiuchi T , et al. Fatty acid desaturation during chilling acclimation is one of the factors involved in conferring low-temperature tolerance to young tobacco leaves. Plant Physiology, 1995,107(4):1177-1185.
[25] Orlova I V, Serebriiskaya T S, Popov V , et al. Transformation of tobacco with a gene for the thermophilic acyl-lipid desaturase enhances the chilling tolerance of plants. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2003,44(4):447-450.
[26] Dong C G, Cao N, Zhang Z G , et al. Characterization of the fatty acid desaturase genes in cucumber:structure,phylogeny,and expression patterns. PLoS ONE, 2016,11(3):e0149917.
[27] Tocher D R, Leaver M J, Hodgson P A . Recent advances in the biochemistry and molecular biology of fatty acyl desaturases. Progress in Lipid Research, 1998,37(2/3):73-117.
[28] Han Y, Xu G, Du H , et al. Natural variations in stearoyl-acp desaturase genes affect the conversion of stearic to oleic acid in maize kernel. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2017,130(1):151-161.
[29] Shang X, Cheng C, Ding J , et al. Identification of candidate genes from the SAD gene family in cotton for determination of cottonseed oil composition. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2017,292(1):173-186.
[30] Merlo A O, Cowen N, Delate T , et al. Ribozymes targeted to stearoyl-ACP △9 desaturase mRNA produce heritable increases of stearic acid in transgenic maize leaves. Plant Cell, 1998,10:1603-1621.
[1] Gao Jie,Li Qingfeng,Li Xiaorong,Feng Guangcai,Peng Qiu. Analysis of the Characteristics of Dry Matter Production and Light Energy Utilization of Waxy Sorghum Applied in Different Eras in Guizhou Province [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 41-46.
[2] Fan Xinqi,Wang Haiyan,Nie Meng′en,Zhao Xingkui,Zhang Yizhong,Yang Huiyong,Zhang Xiaojuan,Liang Du,Duan Yonghong,Liu Qingshan. Effects of EMS Mutagenesis on Emergence and Agronomic Traits in Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 47-54.
[3] Song Jian,Cao Xiaoning,Wang Haigang,Chen Ling,Wang Junjie,Liu Sichen,Qiao Zhijun. Identification and Expression Analysis of ASR Family Genes in Setaria italica [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 33-42.
[4] Tang Taoxia,Wang Zhihe,Shi Zhiguo,Chang Ying,Zhang Yingying,Li Yanrong. Research on the Absorption of Heavy Metals by Different Genotypes in Sweet Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 50-56.
[5] Liang Xiaohong,Zhang Ruidong,Huang Minjia,Liu Jing,Cao Xiong. Interaction of Film Mulching and Nitrogen Application on Yield, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 135-142.
[6] Wang Jinsong,Dong Erwei,Jiao Xiaoyan,Wu Ailian,Bai Wenbin,Wang Lige,Guo Jun,Han Xiong,Liu Qingshan. Effects of Different Planting Patterns on Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Sorghum Jinnuo 3 [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 166-172.
[7] Yue Linqi,Shi Weiping,Guo Jiahui,Guo Pingyi,Guo Jie. Response of Cutin Synthetic Genes of Foxtail Millet to Drought Stress [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(4): 183-190.
[8] Gao Jie,Li Qingfeng,Li Xiaorong,Feng Guangcai,Peng Qiu. Variation Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Waxy Sorghum Varieties (Lines) in Different Eras in Guizhou Province [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(4): 17-23.
[9] Yang Junkai,Shen Yang,Cai Xiaoxi,Wu Shengyang,Li Jianwei,Sun Mingzhe,Jia Bowei,Sun Xiaoli. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Patterns Analysis of the PHD Family Protein in Glycine max [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(3): 55-65.
[10] Li Chunhong,Lu Xianglong,Zhang Peitong,Su Yanjing,Wang Yiming,Guo Wenqi,Yin Jianmei,Han Xiaoyong,Wang Li,Huo Enjie. Screening Herbicides to Control Weeds for Sweet Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(6): 158-161.
[11] Lü Liangjie,Chen Xiyong,Zhang Yelun,Liu Qian,Wang Limei,Ma Le,Li Hui. Bioinformatics Identification of GASA Gene Family Expression Profiles in Wheat [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(6): 58-67.
[12] Zhang Yizhong,Zhou Fuping,Zhang Xiaojuan,Shao Qiang,Yang Bin,Liu Qingshan. Identification and Cluster Analysis of Photosynthetic Characters and WUE in Sorghum Germplasm [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 45-53.
[13] Zhang Ruidong,Cao Xiong,Yue Zhongxiao,Liang Xiaohong,Liu Jing,Huang Minjia. Effects of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 110-115.
[14] Zhang Jianhua,Guo Ruifeng,Cao Changlin,Fan Na,Jiang Baiyang,Li Guang,Shi Lijuan,Peng Zhidong,Bai Wenbin. Study on Effect and Safety of Controlling Weed in Sorghum Field by Several Stem and Leaf Treatment Herbicide [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 162-166.
[15] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138-142.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Hou Qian,Wang Wanxing,Li Guangcun,Xiong Xingyao. Advances in the Research on Potato Continuous Cropping Obstacles[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 1 -7 .
[2] Zhang Ting,Lu Lahu,Yang Bin,Yuan Kai,Zhang Wei,Shi Xiaofang. Comparative Analysis of Wheat Agronomic Traits in Four Provinces of Huanghuai Wheat Area[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 20 -26 .
[3] Sun Yue,Liu Bin,Fu Manqi,Wang Jing,Wang Xiaohui,Chen Fu. Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Changes of Linseed Production in China from 1985 to 2015[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 8 -13 .
[4] Zhu An,Gao Jie,Huang Jian,Wang Hao,Chen Yun,Liu Lijun. Advances in Morphology and Physiology of Root and Their Relationships with Grain Quality in Rice[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 1 -8 .
[5] Zhang Xin,Cao Liru,Wei Liangming,Zhang Qianjin,Zhou Ke,Wang Zhenhua,Lu Xiaomin. Expression Analysis and Interaction Prediction of Maize Glucose Transporter Gene ZmGLUT-1[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 22 -28 .
[6] Pan Lei,Xu Jie,Yang Shuai,Chen Yunsong,Chen Lianhong,Ma Wenguang. Pollen Viability, Morphology and Physiological Indexes of Three Tobacco Varieties at Different Storage Temperatures[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 112 -118 .
[7] Yan Hua,Yan Zhongwen,Lei Jie. Climate Change Characteristics of Xinyuan during 1981-2018 and Its Impact on Spring Maize[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 140 -146 .
[8] . [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 200 -204 .
[9] Ma Hui,Jiao Xiaoyu,Xu Xue,Li Juan,Ni Dahu,Xu Rongfang,Wang Yu,Wang Xiufeng. Advances in Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Cadmium Metabolism in Rice[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 1 -8 .
[10] Wang Meichun,Lian Rongfang,Xiao Gui,Mo Jinping,Cao Ning. Review and Industrial Development Countermeasures of Lentils in China[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 13 -16 .