缓控释肥对水稻产量与品质影响的研究进展

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.03.003

Abstract

Abstract:

The application of slow/controlled release fertilizer (SCRF) is an effective measure to solve the problem of the high nitrogen application rate and low nitrogen use efficiency in rice production in China. This paper summarized the effects of application rates and methods of SCRF on grain yield and rice quality and their mechanisms. Appropriate nitrogen reduction of SCRF could still ensure rice yield and effectively improve nitrogen use efficiency and taste quality of rice. Improving fertilization methods, such as lateral deep fertilization or the combined application of conventional nitrogen fertilizer, could further increase the rice yield. In the future, further studies should focus on the effects and internal mechanisms of SCRF on grain quality, the relationship between the release curve of SCRF and the growth of rice roots and the effects of combined application of slow-release fertilizer and controlled-release fertilizer on grain yield and rice quality to further increase yield and utility.

Key words: Rice, Slow/controlled release fertilizers, Lateral deep fertilization, Yield, Rice quality

Gao Jie, Li Siyu, Cheng Dayu, Zhang Xingyu, Gu Xi, Liu Lijun. Research Progress on the Effects of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on Rice Yield and Quality[J].Crops, 2022, 38(3): 20-26.

Figures/Tables 1

Table 1

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肥料类型 Fertilizer type		代表性肥料 Representative fertilizer	作用机理 Mechanism	优缺点 Advantage and disadvantage
物理型 Physical type	物理包膜型	有机聚合物包膜无机材料包膜	物理（膜阻隔）	缓控释效果主要受包膜材料限制
	物理基质型	营养吸附型扩散控制型	物理（吸附、限制溶出）	材料多样,工艺制作简单,但养分含量较低
化学型 Chemical type	化学结合型	有机氮化合物：脲甲醛、脲乙醛、异丁叉二脲、	化学（化学键分解、断裂）	缓释效果较好,但由于其养分释放速度易受外界环境因素影响,难以控制,控释效果较差
		无机氮化合物：金属磷铵盐、部分酸化磷酸盐		缓释效果较好,但由于其养分释放速度易受外界环境因素影响,难以控制,控释效果较差
	化学抑制型	脲酶抑制剂	化学、生物（微生物活性、酶活性）	应用广泛,但易受土壤等环境因素影响
		硝化抑制剂

Research Progress on the Effects of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on Rice Yield and Quality

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