Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 201-207.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.029

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Study on Cotton Chemical Topping in Liaohe Cotton Area

Xu Min1(), Jin Lulu1, Li Ruichun1, Sun Liyuan2, Wang Zisheng1()   

  1. 1Liaoning Cash Crop Institute, Liaoyang 111000, Liaoning, China
    2College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2021-07-05 Revised:2021-08-23 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

In order to explore the feasibility of chemical topping in Liaohe cotton area and supporting technology, comparison experiment was conducted in Liaoning Cash Crop Institute in 2015-2020. Choosing chemical topping agent (short for topping agent) provided by Plant Regulation agent Engineering Research Center of Education Ministry in Chinese Agricultural University, two topping times July 12th and 17th, three concentrations (750, 1125 and 1500mL/ha) were set, together with high concentration DPC 120g/ha, and taking no-topping as control, artificial topping and strong topping as deputy control. The results showed that chemical topping treatment could effectively control the development of plant height and upper branch length, making plant type more compact, forming reasonable canopy, while earlier topping caused more notable topping result. The effects of different concentrations were different, but the differences were not significant. The effects of different topping treatments on yield and its components were different, the difference of fiber quality were not significant between treatments. In conclusion, the type, spraying time and concentration of chemical topping agent will affect the effect of topping. In Liaohe basin cotton area, chemical topping treatment is suggested around July 17th, with the concentration of 1125mL/ha.

Key words: Cotton, Chemical topping, Plant shape, Yield, Fiber quality

Table 1

Chemical topping treatments design"

处理
Treatment		 不封顶
No-
topping		 T1 T2
人工打顶
Artifical
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 打大顶
Strong
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
药量
Dosage		 – – 750mL/hm2 1125mL/hm2 1500mL/hm2 120g/hm2 DPC – 750mL/hm2 1125mL/hm2 1500mL/hm2 120g/hm2 DPC

Table 2

Plant growth at 15 days after chemical topping treatment"

项目
Item		 T1 T2
不打顶
No-topping		 人工打顶
Artificial topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 不打顶
No-topping		 打大顶
Strong topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
株高
Plant height (cm)		 89.02a 77.17c 83.27b 81.44bc 81.84bc 87.07a 96.27a 90.92c 96.92ab 94.33bc 95.17bc 105.93ab
第1果枝高度
1st branch height (cm)		 24.20a 25.27a 23.83a 23.20a 25.10a 24.30ab 24.60ab 23.87a 25.70a 26.20a 23.90a 26.30a
果节数
Number of fruit nodes		 22.20a 22.07a 25.73a 20.40a 22.93a 19.93a 20.53ab 22.60a 20.00a 16.80b 16.80ab 20.10b
果枝数
Number of fruit branches		 11.07ab 8.81b 10.66ab 10.56ab 11.62a 10.43ab 11.02a 9.18b 10.39ab 10.40ab 10.00ab 11.82a
上部果枝平均长度
Mean length of upper
fruit branches (cm)		 10.33b 13.80a 9.36bc 8.43c 9.43bc 9.70bc 14.23b 19.25a 12.48c 11.14c 11.44c 15.45b
上部节间平均长度
Mean length of upper
internodes (cm)		 6.26a 4.55b 4.18b 4.02b 4.63b 4.46b 5.64a 4.63a 4.40a 5.03a 5.63a 5.32a

Table 3

Length of upper fruit branch at 15 days after chemical topping treatment cm"

项目
Item		 T1 T2
不打顶
No-topping		 人工打顶
Artificial topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 不打顶
No-topping		 打大顶
Strong topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
果枝5 Branch 5 22.17 21.71 19.50 12.12 18.77 17.51 25.56 35.00 24.57 21.83 24.3 31.30
果枝6 Branch 6 20.22 17.56 16.75 9.71 16.15 14.80 24.77 29.87 22.12 18.57 22.2 32.29
果枝7 Branch 7 15.72 12.95 11.79 7.12 12.34 13.32 22.12 27.20 19.74 15.60 17.5 26.28
果枝8 Branch 8 12.61 8.98 7.86 5.77 9.74 10.10 19.98 20.93 16.52 12.92 14.4 21.35
果枝9 Branch 9 7.92 5.87 4.08 7.04 6.96 14.10 16.67 12.28 9.46 9.7 16.67
果枝10 Branch 10 4.46 3.80 5.12 5.06 10.82 8.89 7.71 8.05 7.6 12.71
果枝11 Branch 11 3.60 5.14 3.87 7.81 7.64 7.39 5.9 9.13
果枝12 Branch 12 6.41 5.30 4.90 4.1 7.95
果枝13 Branch 13 4.25 2.9 5.70

Table 4

Length of upper internode at 15 days after chemical topping treatment cm"

项目
Item		 T1 T2
不打顶
No-topping		 人工打顶
Artificial topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 不打顶
No-topping		 打大顶
Strong topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
节间5 Internode 5 6.11 5.70 6.88 5.04 6.62 7.41 6.03 7.77 5.86 6.45 6.74 7.22
节间6 Internode 6 6.15 6.10 6.15 4.46 6.16 6.95 6.27 8.57 6.53 6.71 6.89 7.54
节间7 Internode 7 5.99 4.89 5.00 3.23 5.08 6.79 5.96 7.53 5.52 5.51 7.25 8.16
节间8 Internode 8 5.37 3.99 3.59 2.48 4.00 5.79 5.23 6.02 4.71 4.23 5.44 7.29
节间9 Internode 9 4.27 2.81 2.01 3.37 4.09 3.88 2.79 3.20 2.92 4.61 5.99
节间10 Internode 10 2.69 2.28 1.59 2.99 3.18 3.63 1.25 3.56 2.25 3.27 4.41
节间11 Internode 11 2.39 2.23 2.46 3.16 2.89 2.47 2.31 2.41 3.92

Table 5

The yield and its components of chemical topping test at harvest stage"

项目
Item		 T1 T2
不打顶
No-
topping		 人工打顶
Artificial
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 不打顶
No-
topping		 打大顶
Strong
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
株高
Plant height (cm)		 87.25a 78.95c 80.11bc 77.69c 85.19a 84.39ab 87.25b 82.16b 85.33b 83.81b 85.17b 96.89a
第1果枝高度
1st fruit branch
height (cm)		 27.16a 27.20a 26.78a 26.19a 27.51a 27.38a 27.16b 26.77b 27.51b 27.33b 27.37b 29.94a
果枝数
Number of
fruit branches		 9.34a 8.29b 8.53b 8.37b 9.17a 9.10a 9.34a 8.25b 8.87ab 8.49b 8.45b 9.26a
有效铃数
Number of
available bolls		 10.63a 10.34a 10.24a 10.05a 10.35a 10.04a 10.63a 9.65a 9.63a 9.73a 9.35a 10.16a
铃重
Boll weight (g)		 5.85bc 5.90b 5.91b 6.14a 6.03ab 5.67c 5.85b 6.43a 6.20ab 6.02ab 5.88b 5.94b
衣分
Lint percentage (%)		 38.88b 39.55ab 40.25a 39.19ab 40.00ab 39.41ab 38.88b 40.39a 39.72ab 40.14a 39.56ab 40.44a
籽指
Seed weight (g)		 10.78a 10.75ab 11.02ab 10.86ab 10.84ab 10.58b 10.78a 10.71a 10.91a 10.70a 10.44a 10.63a
实收籽棉产量
Harvested seed
cotton yield (kg/hm2)		 2635.2b 2776.9a 2701.9ab 2760.9a 2702.8ab 2537.7c 2635.2bc 2729.1ab 2801.1a 2782.8ab 2665.8abc 2523.2c
霜前花率
Rate before frost (%)		 89.98a 92.18a 90.43a 92.91a 89.76a 90.80a 89.98ab 92.97a 91.94a 90.62ab 89.84ab 88.09b

Table 6

Fiber quality of chemical topping treatment"

项目
Item		 T1 T2
不打顶
No-
topping		 人工打顶
Artificial
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4 不打顶
No-
topping		 打大顶
Strong
topping		 D1 D2 D3 D4
上半部平均长度
Upper half mean length (mm)		 28.43a 28.41a 28.73a 28.53a 28.70a 27.99a 28.43ab 28.76a 28.52ab 28.44ab 27.89b 28.14ab
整齐度指数
Uniformity index (%)		 84.21a 84.47a 84.70a 84.51a 84.81a 84.36a 84.21ab 84.49a 84.52a 83.44b 84.55a 84.21ab
断裂比强度
Breaking tenacity (cN∙tex)		 28.49a 28.31a 28.77a 28.15a 28.85a 27.99a 28.49abc 29.53a 27.91bc 28.74ab 27.43c 28.69ab
马克隆值Micronaire 4.47b 4.67ab 4.67ab 4.62ab 4.60ab 4.76a 4.47b 4.51ab 4.56ab 4.63ab 4.73a 4.51ab
伸长率
Breaking elongation (%)		 5.98c 6.05bc 6.21b 6.17bc 6.17bc 6.42a 5.98c 5.96c 6.13bc 6.27ab 6.49a 6.38ab
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