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作物杂志,2022, 第6期: 152–158 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.06.022

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜菜幼苗光合生理对干旱胁迫的响应

尹希龙1,2(), 石杨1,2, 李王胜1,2, 兴旺1,2()   

  1. 1黑龙江大学国家甜菜种质中期库，150080，黑龙江哈尔滨
    2黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院，150080，黑龙江哈尔滨
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-30 修回日期:2022-10-11 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-12-21
  • 通讯作者: 兴旺
  • 作者简介:尹希龙，研究方向为甜菜种质资源鉴定，E-mail：2567102543@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家作物种质资源库“甜菜分库运行服务”(NCGRC-2021-017);农业农村部“甜菜种质资源的收集、鉴定、编目、繁种与入库（圃）保存”(19210157);农业农村部“普查收集甜菜种质资源鉴定评价与编目入库”(19210911);农业农村部“甜菜种质资源安全保存”(19211031);国家糖料产业技术体系(CARS-170102);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年人才创新培养计划(UNPYSCT-2020014)

Photosynthetic Physiological Response to Drought Stress in Sugar Beet at Seedling Stage

Yin Xilong1,2(), Shi Yang1,2, Li Wangsheng1,2, Xing Wang1,2()   

  1. 1National Medium-Term Repository of Sugar Beet Germplasm, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
    2College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2022-10-11 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-21
  • Contact: Xing Wang

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摘要：

干旱胁迫是抑制甜菜生长发育和影响产量的重要非生物因素。以耐旱型甜菜种质依安一号（V1）和干旱敏感型种质92011/1-6/1（V2）为试验材料，探讨不同耐旱品种甜菜幼苗光合生理对干旱胁迫的响应。研究了干旱胁迫对甜菜幼苗生长发育、总叶绿素含量和表观光合指标的影响。结果表明，干旱胁迫下2种甜菜幼苗的茎粗、根长、株高、叶鲜重、根鲜重、叶干重和根干重均呈下降趋势，V1下降幅度不明显且各指标降低幅度均小于V2；干旱胁迫降低了2种甜菜幼苗的叶绿素含量，叶绿素含量在第7天降到最低，且V1的含量明显高于V2；干旱胁迫使甜菜幼苗的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶片气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度显著下降，V1受到的影响比V2要小。不同耐旱性甜菜品种对干旱胁迫的响应机制存在一定差异，可以进一步分析其抗旱能力，为甜菜的育种、抗逆栽培和稳产提供理论依据。

关键词: 甜菜, 干旱胁迫, 光合生理

Abstract:

Drought stress is an important abiotic factor that inhibits the growth and development of sugar beet and affects yield. The drought-tolerant sugar beet germplasm Yi'an No.1 (V1) and the drought-sensitive germplasm 92011/1-6/1 (V2) were used as test materials to investigate the photosynthetic physiological responses of sugar beet seedlings of different drought-tolerant varieties to drought stress. The effects of drought stress on the growth and development, chlorophyll content, and apparent photosynthesis of sugar beet seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the stem diameter, root length, plant height, leaf fresh weight, root fresh weight, leaf dry weight, and root dry weight of the two sugar beet seedlings decreased under drought stress, and the decrease in V1 was less pronounced than V2, and the decrease in V1 was smaller than V2. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of sugar beet seedlings were significantly reduced by drought stress, and V1 was less affected than V2. The response mechanisms of different drought-tolerant sugar beet varieties to drought stress were somewhat different, which could further analyze their drought resistance and provide a theoretical basis for breeding, stress-resistant cultivation and stable yield of sugar beet.

Key words: Sugar beet, Drought stress, Photosynthetic physiology

表1

甜菜幼苗表型指标

时间
Time (d)		 处理
Treatment		 品种
Variety		 茎粗
Stem
diameter (cm)		 株高
Plant
height (cm)		 根长
Root length
(cm)		 叶鲜重
Leaf fresh
weight (g)		 根鲜重
Root fresh
weight (g)		 叶干重
Leaf dry
weight (g)		 根干重
Root dry
weight (g)
2 CK V1 4.07±0.11a 16.33±0.85a 25.33±0.62a 4.62±0.09a 1.83±0.08a 0.66±0.03a 0.17±0.00a
V2 3.91±0.07a 14.67±0.24a 25.00±0.41a 4.48±0.08a 1.81±0.05a 0.61±0.02ab 0.16±0.00a
DS V1 3.85±0.10a 15.33±0.24a 24.17±0.62a 4.41±0.14a 1.67±0.06a 0.55±0.02b 0.17±0.00a
V2 3.25±0.04b 12.67±0.62b 21.33±0.85b 3.40±0.11b 1.36±0.04b 0.44±0.02c 0.15±0.00b
5 CK V1 5.89±0.07a 20.43±0.76a 31.73±0.61a 12.94±0.57a 4.08±0.51a 0.90±0.06a 0.28±0.01a
V2 5.75±0.06a 19.17±0.24a 30.50±0.41a 13.00±0.72a 3.59±0.18a 0.85±0.02a 0.27±0.02a
DS V1 3.56±0.06b 13.50±0.41b 22.17±0.62b 4.18±0.12b 1.41±0.05b 0.36±0.02b 0.15±0.00b
V2 2.89±0.04c 10.00±0.41c 17.00±0.41c 2.94±0.09b 1.02±0.09b 0.19±0.02c 0.13±0.00b
7 CK V1 8.79±0.18a 24.33±0.47a 37.00±0.82a 16.75±0.53a 5.98±0.13a 1.69±0.10a 0.43±0.02a
V2 8.73±0.18a 23.67±0.24a 36.17±0.62a 16.55±0.17a 5.93±0.10a 1.65±0.07a 0.42±0.02a
DS V1 3.35±0.11b 11.83±0.34b 20.33±0.85b 4.01±0.13b 1.25±0.06b 0.24±0.03b 0.14±0.00b
V2 2.46±0.06c 6.00±0.41c 13.00±0.41c 2.50±0.13c 0.76±0.06c 0.14±0.01b 0.07±0.01c

图1

正常水分条件下甜菜幼苗叶片总叶绿素含量 不同小写字母表示差异显著（P < 0.05），下同

图2

干旱胁迫下甜菜幼苗叶片总叶绿素含量

图3

不同水分条件下V1甜菜幼苗叶片总叶绿素含量

图4

不同水分条件下V2甜菜幼苗叶片总叶绿素含量

表2

甜菜幼苗叶片表观光合指标

时间Time (d) 处理Treatment 品种Variety Pn [μmol/(m2·s)] Tr [mmol/(m2·s)] Gs [mmol/(m2·s)] Ci (μmol/mol)
2 CK V1 20.51±0.22a 1.24±0.07a 70.94±4.14bc 862.77±30.84a
V2 17.90±0.24b 1.35±0.23a 94.21±23.87ab 636.90±16.52b
DS V1 18.58±0.13c 1.49±0.09a 111.60±8.34a 440.97±1.13c
V2 11.68±0.18d 0.75±0.01b 38.80±1.22c 317.57±15.77d
5 CK V1 25.14±0.02a 1.72±0.16a 148.92±33.20a 900.27±23.73a
V2 24.28±1.18a 1.81±0.19a 170.69±20.55a 864.90±47.15a
DS V1 17.13±0.04b 0.69±0.03b 36.49±2.57b 406.00±43.93b
V2 6.18±0.19c 0.36±0.02c 17.99±1.12b 259.97±12.42c
7 CK V1 31.51±0.08a 2.56±0.02a 454.71±13.95a 1336.70±66.56a
V2 30.03±0.08b 1.91±0.15b 223.28±43.64b 1121.30±96.12b
DS V1 15.43±0.10c 0.57±0.01c 35.67±0.55c 380.13±16.82c
V2 1.04±0.08d 0.20±0.01d 8.99±0.38c 173.90±7.45d
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