氮锌配施对谷子根系形态及锌含量的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.04.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用盆栽试验，采用完全随机区组设计，以晋谷21为供试品种，以尿素和ZnSO₄·7H₂O为供试肥料，设4个氮肥水平（0、120、180、240kg/hm²）和3个锌肥水平（20、40、80mg/L），研究了氮锌配施对谷子根系形态及锌含量的影响。结果表明，同一氮水平不同锌水平及同一锌水平不同氮水平处理下，喷施锌肥后7d和15d，谷子根长、投影面积、表面积和根尖数等根系形态指标均随着施锌、氮浓度的增加呈先上升后下降趋势。与单施锌肥相比，增施氮肥可有效增加谷子根系各形态指标，N0Zn40和N120Zn40处理根系各形态指标值均较大。N120Zn40处理与同氮、同锌水平下的其他处理相比，谷子根系活力显著上升，根冠比也有所增加，整体表现出较强的活性。喷施锌肥后15d，谷子根系锌含量在低氮和中氮条件下随着施锌浓度的增加呈升高趋势；N120Zn40处理谷子根系锌含量比同一锌水平不同氮水平的其他处理分别显著增加了76.00%、47.22%和15.43%。适宜比例的氮锌肥配施具有良好的协同效应，而氮120kg/hm²、锌40mg/L为本试验条件下最佳配施组合。

关键词: 谷子, 锌含量, 氮锌配施, 根系形态

Abstract:

With pot experiment and complete randomized block design, Jingu 21 was used as material, urea and ZnSO₄?7H₂O as the fertilizer, the effects of nitrogen and zinc application on root morphology and zinc content in foxtail millet were studied by using four nitrogen fertilizer levels (0, 120, 180 and 240kg/ha), and three zinc fertilizer levels (20, 40 and 80mg/L). The results showed that, under different zinc treatment levels of the same nitrogen level and different nitrogen treatment levels of the same zinc level, seven and 15 days after zinc fertilizer injection, root length, projection area, surface area and root tip number all rose and then declined with the increase of zinc and nitrogen concentration. Compared with single application of zinc fertilizer, increasing nitrogen fertilizer could effectively increase the morphological index of foxtail millet root system, and the values of root forms of N0Zn40 and N120Zn40 treatments were large. The root activity of N120Zn40 treatment increased significantly compared with other treatments at the same nitrogen and zinc levels, and the root-shoot ratio also increased, which showed strong activity. At 15 days after zinc spraying, the zinc content of root increased with the increase of zinc concentration under low nitrogen and medium nitrogen; the zinc content of N120Zn40 treatment increased by 76.00%, 47.22% and 15.43% compared with other treatments with different nitrogen levels at the same zinc level. Therefore, the appropriate proportion of nitrogen and zinc fertilizer dispensing had a good synergistic effect, while nitrogen 120kg/ha and zinc 40mg/L were the best dispensing combination under this test condition.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Zinc content, Nitrogen and zinc application, Root morphology

赵海燕, 赵丽洁, 韩根兰, 王江, 王子建, 聂萌恩, 杜慧玲, 原向阳, 董淑琦. 氮锌配施对谷子根系形态及锌含量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2023 (4): 152–158

Zhao Haiyan, Zhao Lijie, Han Genlan, Wang Jiang, Wang Zijian, Nie Meng’en, Du Huiling, Yuan Xiangyang, Dong Shuqi. Effects of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Root Morphology and Zinc Content in Foxtail Millet[J]. Crops, 2023(4): 152–158

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指标Index	处理Treatment	N0	N120	N180	N240
长度Length (cm)	Zn20	152.04±34.93bB	289.78±64.80aAB	218.95±55.21abAB	194.99±7.37bB
	Zn40	480.98±53.41aA	372.66±78.64bA	289.72±24.30bcA	259.76±17.97cA
	Zn80	145.99±37.02bB	214.97±11.53aB	181.22±11.70abB	164.43±30.30bB
投影面积Projected area (cm²)	Zn20	4.21±0.89bB	8.31±2.31aA	5.61±1.89abAB	4.92±0.88bB
	Zn40	11.11±1.24aA	8.47±2.46abA	7.76±0.29bA	7.69±1.22bA
	Zn80	4.70±1.19aB	6.42±1.33aA	5.21±0.32aB	5.02±0.68aB
表面积Surface area (cm²)	Zn20	13.23±2.78bB	26.11±7.27aA	17.63±5.95abAB	15.47±2.75bB
	Zn40	34.91±3.91aA	26.60±7.72abA	24.38±0.90bA	24.15±3.82bA
	Zn80	14.76±3.73aB	20.17±4.18aA	16.36±1.01aB	15.77±2.15aB
根尖数Number of root tips	Zn20	1028.33±390.26bB	1896.33±437.35aAB	1496.67±418.23abAB	1256.67±222.53abA
	Zn40	3107.67±827.75aA	2882.67±711.73aA	2007.33±267.40abA	1554.00±254.68bA
	Zn80	731.00±187.84bB	1386.67±248.42aB	1285.67±205.93abB	1151.00±521.35abA

指标Index	处理Treatment	N0	N120	N180	N240
长度Length (cm)	Zn20	594.57±80.61aB	683.17±25.15aB	656.90±48.21aB	447.80±48.71bB
	Zn40	738.33±11.63bA	884.55±32.15aA	787.61±30.79bA	567.78±57.74cA
	Zn80	616.06±69.72aAB	620.37±62.48aB	537.46±59.69aC	369.67±32.22bB
投影面积Projected area (cm²)	Zn20	14.51±0.63bA	16.12±0.44aB	15.26±0.41abB	10.56±1.36cAB
	Zn40	15.95±1.44cA	19.55±1.18aA	17.90±0.39abA	13.42±2.12bcA
	Zn80	14.05±2.26aA	14.43±2.25aB	15.06±0.78aB	10.02±0.10bB
表面积Surface area (cm²)	Zn20	46.24±2.09aA	47.32±3.43aB	48.49±0.75aB	33.18±4.27bAB
	Zn40	50.10±4.54bcA	63.47±5.79aA	56.17±1.14abA	42.16±6.66cA
	Zn80	44.15±7.11aA	45.33±7.07aB	47.33±2.46aB	31.38±0.38bB
根尖数Tips number of root	Zn20	4131.33±688.76abA	4921.33±449.67aB	4709.00±614.08aAB	3510.67±343.96bA
	Zn40	4807.67±337.05bcA	6499.67±108.19aA	5651.33±830.94abA	3991.67±576.68cA
	Zn80	4837.67±674.51aA	4909.00±163.24aB	3739.00±732.33bB	2503.00±462.93cB