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作物杂志,2024, 第6期: 205–211 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.027

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源激素对雾培马铃薯叶片气孔密度及块茎产量的调控

金彦君1(), 祝洪沙1, 李成东1, 王金禹1, 张忠福5, 万婷丽3, 周爱爱3, 撒刚2, 程李香2, 刘娟4, 余斌2()   

  1. 1甘肃农业大学农学院，730070，甘肃兰州
    2干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室，730070，甘肃兰州
    3庄浪县农业技术推广中心，744600，甘肃庄浪
    4甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院，730070，甘肃兰州
    5张掖市山丹县种子产业发展中心，734100，甘肃张掖
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-05 修回日期:2024-04-03 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 余斌，主要从事马铃薯遗传育种研究，E-mail：yubin@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:金彦君，主要从事马铃薯遗传育种研究，E-mail：2036946303@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(20JR10RA529);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2022-RC-40);甘肃省科技计划―自然基金青年项目(20JR10RA546);兰州市科技计划项目(2023-3-12);甘肃省高校教师创新基金(2023A-059);国家自然科学基金(32060046);甘肃省重点研发计划(24YFNG001)

Regulation of Exogenous Hormones on Stomatal Density of Leaves and Tuber Yield of Potato in Aeroponics

Jin Yanjun1(), Zhu Hongsha1, Li Chengdong1, Wang Jinyu1, Zhang Zhongfu5, Wan Tingli3, Zhou Aiai3, Sa Gang2, Cheng Lixiang2, Liu Juan4, Yu Bin2()   

  1. 1Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science / Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    3Zhuanglang County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Zhuanglang 744600, Gansu, China
    4College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    5Seed Industry Development Center of Shandan County, Zhangye City, Zhangye 734100, Gansu, China
  • Received:2023-12-05 Revised:2024-04-03 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

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摘要：

为探究雾培条件下外源激素对马铃薯叶片气孔密度和块茎产量的影响，以费乌瑞它和甘农薯7号为试验材料，设置叶面喷施10 mg/L 6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA）、0.1 mmol/L茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）和0.1 mg/L油菜素内酯（BR）处理。结果表明，3种激素处理均可不同程度增加马铃薯叶片气孔密度，其中喷施10 mg/L 6-BA，费乌瑞它叶片近轴面和远轴面气孔密度较对照分别增加13.89%、6.74%，甘农薯7号分别增加了12.02%、3.38%；喷施0.1 mmol/L MeJA，费乌瑞它叶片近轴面和远轴面气孔密度分别较对照增加26.98%、29.43%，甘农薯7号分别增加12.75%、15.25%；喷施0.1 mg/L BR，费乌瑞它叶片近轴面和远轴面气孔密度分别较对照增加11.78%、10.70%，甘农薯7号分别增加28.84%、39.15%。喷施10 mg/L 6-BA使费乌瑞它与甘农薯7号单株结薯数较对照分别增加10.00%、23.67%，单株产量较对照分别增加23.24%、28.31%%；喷施0.1 mmol/L MeJA，费乌瑞它的单株产量较对照极显著增加17.66%，甘农薯7号的单株结薯数较对照显著增加19.86%；喷施0.1 mg/L BR，费乌瑞它、甘农薯7号的单株结薯数较对照分别增加19.84%、47.89%。研究结果表明，雾培条件下叶面喷施10 mg/L 6-BA、0.1 mmol/L MeJA、0.1 mg/L BR可增加马铃薯气孔密度，并通过增加单株结薯数提高块茎产量，且近轴面与远轴面的气孔密度均与单株结薯数呈极显著正相关。

关键词: 马铃薯, 雾培, 外源激素, 气孔密度, 产量

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of exogenous hormones on stomatal density of leaves and tuber yield of potato under aeroponics culture conditions. Used Favortia and Gannongshu 7 as experimental materials, and foliar spraying with 10 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), 0.1 mmol/L methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and 0.1 mg/L brassinolide (BR) were set up. The results showed that three treatments could increase the stomatal density of leaves in different degrees. After spraying 10 mg/L 6-BA, the stomatal densities on adaxial surface and abaxial surface of leaves in Favortia increased by 13.89% and 6.74% respectively compared with the control, and those of Gannongshu 7 increased by 12.02% and 3.38%. Spraying 0.1 mmol/L MeJA, the adaxial and abaxial stomatal density of Favorita increased by 26.98%, 29.43% respectively compared with the control, and those of Gannongshu 7 increased by 12.75%, 15.25% respectively. Spraying 0.1 mg/L BR, the stomatal density of adaxial and abaxial surface of Favortia increased by 11.78% and 10.70%, and those of Gannongshu 7 increased by 28.84% and 39.15% respectively compared with the control. Spraying 10 mg/L 6-BA increased the number of tubers per plant of Favortia and Gannongshu 7 by 10.00% and 23.67%, respectively, and the yield per plant increased by 23.24% and 28.31% respectively compared with the control. Spraying 0.1 mmol/L MeJA, the yield per plant of Favorita was extremely significantly increased by 17.66% compared with the control, the number of tubers per plant of Gannongshu 7 was significantly increased by 19.86% compared with the control. Spraying 0.1 mg/L BR, the number of tubers per plant of Favortia and Gannongshu 7 increased by 19.84% and 47.89% respectively compared with the control. The results showed that spraying 10 mg/L 6-BA, 0.1 mmol/L MeJA and 0.1 mg/L BR on the leaves under the condition of aeroponics could increase the stomatal density of potato and increase the tuber yield by increasing the number of tubers per plant. The stomatal density of adaxial and abaxial surface was extremely significantly positively correlated with the number of tubers per plant.

Key words: Potato, Aeroponics, Exogenous hormone, Stomatal density, Yield

图1

不同品种叶片气孔密度与气孔指数差异 FAV：费乌瑞它，GN7：甘农薯7号；AdS：近轴面，AbS：远轴面。“*”表示显著性差异（P < 0.05），“**”表示极显著性差异（P < 0.01）。下同。

图2

费乌瑞它和甘农薯7号不同激素处理14 d后叶片远轴面气孔密度

图3

不同激素处理下叶片气孔密度与气孔指数的变化

图4

不同激素处理下马铃薯产量性状

图5

不同激素处理下马铃薯气孔密度与单株结薯数的相关性分析

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