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作物杂志,2018, 第6期: 89–95 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.06.014

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同向日葵品种对镉积累差异性的田间研究

焦玉字1,郭俊娒2,杨俊兴2,李厚恩3,徐铁兵4,叶勇5,周小勇5   

  1. 1 河南省土壤重金属污染监测与修复重点实验室,459000,河南济源
    2 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所环境修复中心,100101,北京
    3 北京市勘察设计研究院有限公司,100038,北京
    4 河北省环境科学研究院,050051,河北石家庄
    5 北京瑞美德环境修复有限公司,100015,北京
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-11 修回日期:2018-08-28 出版日期:2018-12-15 发布日期:2018-12-06
  • 作者简介:焦玉字,高级工程师,从事重金属污染土壤修复技术研究
  • 基金资助:
    河南省土壤重金属污染监测与修复重点实验室资助开放基金(2017206);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800600);国家自然科学基金(41771509,41771510,41201312,41271478)

Field Study on Variety Difference of Cadmium Accumulation in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Jiao Yuzi1,Guo Junmei2,Yang Junxing2,Li Houen3,Xu Tiebing4,Ye Yong5,Zhou Xiaoyong5   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory for Monitor and Remediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soils of Henan Province, Jiyuan 459000, Henan, China
    2 Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    3 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Environmental Geotechnology, Beijing 100038, China
    4 Heibei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
    5 Beijing Remediation Environmental Restoration Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2018-04-11 Revised:2018-08-28 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-06

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摘要：

为筛选出富集Cd能力较强的向日葵品种,本研究采用田间原位试验,在北方典型Cd污染农田土壤（含Cd 2.22mg/kg）上,研究了28个不同向日葵品种的生长响应和富集Cd能力的差异。结果表明,不同向日葵品种地上部生物量在1 101.38~12 511.13kg/hm 2,地上部Cd含量在1.68~19.25mg/kg,生物富集系数（BCF）在0.76~8.67,地上部Cd提取量在4.17~114.20g/hm 2,均表现出较大差异。通过对向日葵地上部Cd含量的聚类分析可将28个向日葵品种分为3类,并筛选出G3、G1、Y1、G8、G12、G4、G6等品种为高富集Cd型向日葵品种。对向日葵地上部Cd提取量的分析结果表明,Y3、G24和G3品种地上部Cd提取量均达100g/hm 2以上,是修复Cd污染农田土壤较合适的品种。

关键词: 镉, 向日葵, 品种, 植物修复

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out to study the variety difference of growth response and Cd accumulation in 28 cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in typical Cd-contaminated farmland soil with 2.22mg/kg Cd in Northern China, which aimed to screen sunflower cultivars with high accumulation of Cd. The results showed that significant differences were observed among 28 cultivars of sunflower, with the shoot biomasses ranged from 1 101.38kg/hm 2-12 511.13kg/hm 2, the shoot Cd concentrations ranged from 1.68mg/kg-19.25mg/kg, the bioconcentration factor ranged from 0.76-8.67, and the uptake amount of Cd ranged from 4.17g/hm 2-114.20g/hm 2.According to the cluster analysis of Cd concentration in sunflower, 28 cultivars of sunflower were divided into 3 categories in which the G3, G1, Y1, G8, G12, G4 and G6 cultivars were defined as high accumulation capacity cultivars. The analysis of Cd uptake in shoot of sunflower suggested that Y3, G24 and G3 cultivars could accumulated more than 100g/hm 2 Cd in shoot, which were suitable for applying in phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil.

Key words: Cadmium, Sunflower, Cultivar, Phytoremediation

图1

不同品种向日葵地上部生物量"

表1

不同品种向日葵地上部Cd含量"

生育期Growth stage 观赏葵Ornamental sunflower 油葵Oil sunflower
G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 G16 G17 G18 G19 G20 G21 G22 G23 G24 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4
现蕾期
Squaring stage		 5.58 6.76 6.31 3.49 2.20 4.11 4.30 3.72 3.96 3.72 1.15 6.13 3.76 2.49 4.01 3.28 6.29 2.54 1.86 3.15 3.05 5.34 1.35 2.19 3.25 3.85 4.13 4.61
成熟期
Maturation stage		 17.96 10.50 19.25 13.95 12.35 13.82 11.17 15.18 10.75 9.37 9.14 14.46 12.48 9.51 9.19 8.62 9.47 6.10 6.22 10.39 8.22 9.82 1.69 8.80 15.71 8.88 11.82 12.53

图2

不同品种向日葵Cd富集系数"

图3

不同品种向日葵Cd富集能力的聚类分析"

图4

不同品种向日葵地上部Cd提取量"

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