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作物杂志,2021, 第4期: 172–177 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.04.026

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

灌浆期不同阶段干旱对高粱籽粒淀粉积累的影响

张瑞栋1,2(), 高铭悦2, 岳忠孝1, 周宇飞2, 曹雄1()   

  1. 1山西农业大学经济作物研究所,032200,山西汾阳
    2沈阳农业大学农学院,110866,辽宁沈阳
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-08 修回日期:2020-11-15 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-13
  • 通讯作者: 曹雄
  • 作者简介:张瑞栋,主要从事高粱栽培育种研究,E-mail：342185880@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家谷子高粱产业技术体系高粱汾阳试验站(CARS-06-13.5-B10);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-13.5-A7);吕梁市重点研发计划(2019NYZDYF19);财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系

Effects of Drought at Different Stages of Grain Filling Period on Starch Accumulation of Sorghum Grains

Zhang Ruidong1,2(), Gao Mingyue2, Yue Zhongxiao1, Zhou Yufei2, Cao xiong1()   

  1. 1Institute of Industrial Crops, Shanxi Agricultural University, Fenyang 032200, Shanxi, China
    2College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2020-09-08 Revised:2020-11-15 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-13
  • Contact: Cao xiong

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摘要：

为了研究灌浆期干旱对高粱籽粒淀粉积累的影响,以高淀粉高粱品种铁杂17（TZ17）和低淀粉品种辽杂11（LZ11）为试验材料,在灌浆的早期、中期、后期进行干旱胁迫,通过测定2个高粱品种的总淀粉、直链淀粉、支链淀粉含量及产量指标,研究灌浆期干旱胁迫对高粱籽粒淀粉积累及产量形成的影响。结果表明,2个高粱品种的总淀粉、直链淀粉、支链淀粉含量及产量均受干旱影响呈减少的变化趋势。灌浆期不同阶段干旱胁迫对淀粉积累的影响程度主要表现为灌浆早期>灌浆中期>灌浆后期;高淀粉品种（TZ17）比低淀粉品种（LZ11）更易受到干旱胁迫的影响;干旱胁迫下淀粉指标的变异系数依次为直链淀粉>支链淀粉/直链淀粉>总淀粉>支链淀粉,表明直链淀粉比支链淀粉更易受干旱胁迫的影响;灌浆期干旱胁迫影响籽粒淀粉的积累,降低了千粒重,最终影响高粱的籽粒产量。

关键词: 高粱, 灌浆期, 干旱, 淀粉

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of drought stress during filling period on starch accumulation in sorghum. Two sorghum varieties, Tieza17 (high starch content) and Liaoza11 (low starch content) were planted in pots as the experiment materials. The two varieties were suffered from drought stress at initial stage, middle stage and late stage of grain filling period, respectively. The starch content, amylose content, amylopectin content and grain yield of the two sorghum varieties were investigated. The results showed that the contents of starch, amylose and amylopectin and grain yield were decreased by drought occurred at filling period. The effects of drought stress on starch accumulation at different stages of grain filling period were mainly at the initial filling stage > the middle filling stage > the late filling stage. Tieza17 was more sensitive than Liaoza11 to the drought stress. The variable coefficients of starch indexes under drought stress was as follows: amylose > amylopetin to amylase ratio > total starch > amyloptin, indicating that amylose was more susceptible to drought stress than amylopectin. Generally, drought stress during filling period significantly influenced the starch accumulation, resulting in decrease of the 1000-seed weight, ultimately caused a decline of grain yield in sorghum.

Key words: Sorghum, Filling period, Drought, Starch

表1

灌浆期干旱对高粱籽粒淀粉含量的影响

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 总淀粉
Starch (%)		 直链淀粉
Amylose (%)		 支链淀粉
Amylopectin (%)		 支链淀粉/直链淀粉
Amylopectin/Amylose
TZ17 DS0 25.64±0.62a 5.35±0.12a 20.29±0.52a 3.79±0.06d
DS1 22.76±0.83c 4.17±0.07c 18.59±0.84b 4.46±0.22bc
DS2 24.57±0.24b 4.54±0.13b 20.03±0.27a 4.41±0.16bc
DS3 24.74±0.24b 4.66±0.04b 20.08±0.21a 4.31±0.09c
变异系数Variation coefficient (%) 4.86 9.69 4.22 7.18
LZ11 DS0 17.19±0.18d 3.15±0.13d 14.04±0.31c 4.47±0.29bc
DS1 16.17±0.08e 2.62±0.17f 13.55±0.23c 5.19±0.41a
DS2 16.43±0.08e 2.81±0.09ef 13.62±0.04c 4.85±0.15ab
DS3 16.72±0.06de 2.89±0.11e 13.83±0.16c 4.79±0.24ab
变异系数Variation coefficient (%) 2.44 7.92 1.96 7.56

图1

高粱籽粒总淀粉积累量的动态比较

图2

高粱籽粒直链淀粉积累量的比较

图3

高粱籽粒支链淀粉积累量的比较

表2

灌浆期干旱对高粱籽粒产量及构成因素的影响

处理
Treatment		 单株产量
Yield per
plant (g)		 千粒重
1000-seed
weight (g)		 穗粒数
Seeds per
panicle
TZ17DS0 (CK) 124.17±14.08a 36.95±1.26a 3380.19±363.61a
TZ17DS1 79.78±11.58ef 25.51±2.53e 3261.79±670.37a
TZ17DS2 99.67±3.73cd 28.81±2.16cd 3565.16±294.52a
TZ17DS3 110.54±5.67bc 32.60±1.73b 3428.49±237.17a
LZ11DS0 (CK) 111.99±10.61b 31.22±3.17bc 3641.13±556.84a
LZ11DS1 78.01±5.66f 21.86±3.40f 3861.37±735.78a
LZ11DS2 89.72±4.03de 25.35±3.41e 3625.54±486.40a
LZ11DS3 100.74±3.82bcd 28.36±2.83d 3659.07±270.82a
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