Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 173-178.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.027

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Effects of Intermembrane Spraying Pre-Germination Herbicide on the Safety of Millet and Weed Control

Shaoguang Liu,Xiatong Zhao,Xi’e Song,Xiangyang Yuan,Shuqi Dong,Meijun Guo,Pingyi Guo   

  1. College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-11-23 Revised:2018-12-18 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-12
  • Contact: Xi’e Song

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Abstract:

The objective of this study was to identify the selection of herbicides and dosage which was safe to millet growth and gain a better weed control. Zhangzagu 10 was selected as the test material, aiming at weed damage between travelling in the millet fields by plastic mulching and hole seeding. Based on the results of previous experiments, acetochlor and metolachlor had been selected. 4 doses such as 2.25, 4.50, 6.75, 9.00 liter per hm 2 for acetochlor and 3.00, 6.00, 9.00, 12.00 liter per hm 2 for metolachlor were used before seedling. The safety of millet in emergence rate, morphological index and yield, the control effects of herbicides in plant number and fresh weight were compared. Results showed that the treatment of 2.25L/hm 2 of acetochlor and 3.00L/hm 2, 6.00L/hm 2of metolachlor were safe to the millet under which the emergence rate, plant height, and leaf area had no significant difference from control, but had significant effect on yield of millet. The treatment of 4.50-9.00L/hm 2 of acetochlor and 9.00-12.00L/hm 2 of metolachlor had a great effect on grass weeds and broadleaf weeds, the highest being above 99% and 90%, respectively. However, under the higher dose the treatment significantly inhibited the emergence rate, plant height, leaf areas and the yield of millet. The recommended dose of acetochlor and metolachlor were 2.25L/hm 2 and 6.00L/hm 2 , respectively in millet fields with plastic mulch and hole seeding which could effectively control weeds but safety for millet.

Key words: Millet, Herbicide, Intermembrane spraying, Acetochlor, Metolachlor, Security, Control effect

Table 1

Herbicide and dosage"

除草剂类型
Herbicide type		 除草剂
Herbicide		 剂量Dosage (L/hm2)
T1 T2 T3 T4
酰胺类Amides 乙草胺Acetochlor 2.25 4.50 6.75 9.00
异丙甲草胺Metolachlor 3.00 6.00 9.00 12.00

Fig.1

Effects of herbicide on emergence rate of millet Different letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

Table 2

Effects of herbicide on plant height and leaf area of millet"

除草剂
Herbicide		 处理
Ttreatment		 出苗后25d 25 days after emergence 出苗后40d 40 days after emergence
株高Plant height (cm) 叶面积Leaf area (cm2) 株高Plant height (cm) 叶面积Leaf area (cm2)
乙草胺Acetochlor CK 32.50±2.35a 24.16±1.43ab 91.77±3.23a 80.90±3.66a
T1 33.32±1.52a 25.74±3.61a 92.58±3.59a 83.16±3.86a
T2 30.84±1.72b 22.82±3.51bc 89.57±4.14a 73.40±7.38b
T3 28.87±0.85c 20.53±1.47c 84.68±4.51b 67.90±8.58bc
T4 28.17±1.67c 20.22±2.52c 85.16±3.56b 63.37±5.62c
异丙甲草胺Metolachlor CK 32.50±2.35a 24.16±1.44b 91.77±3.23a 80.90±3.66a
T1 32.62±1.66a 28.33±3.22a 92.13±2.01a 81.87±6.69a
T2 32.70±1.84a 27.44±5.58a 92.84±1.54a 81.11±3.05a
T3 29.97±1.61b 23.02±2.61b 87.72±4.20b 73.21±7.36b
T4 28.59±2.31b 22.99±1.97b 86.49±3.10b 69.80±6.10b

Table 3

Field weed control after seedling emergence 25d"

除草剂
Herbicide		 处理
Treatment		 杂草株防效Weed plant control effect 杂草鲜重防效Weed fresh weight control effect
禾本科杂草
Gramineous weeds		 阔叶杂草
Broadleaf weeds		 禾本科杂草
Gramineous weeds		 阔叶杂草
Broadleaf weeds
株数
Plant
number
 株防效
Plant control
effect
株数
Plant
number
 株防效
Plant control
effect		 鲜重
Fresh
weight		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight
control effect		 鲜重
Fresh
weight		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight
control effect
乙草胺Acetochlor T1 40.00 74.38b 15.33 67.14c 29.62 78.09c 25.81 57.09c
T2 20.67 89.77ab 11.33 76.18bc 21.13 84.00bc 20.55 66.01c
T3 5.67 97.19a 7.67 85.00ab 7.37 95.36ab 13.82 77.28b
T4 1.00 99.13a 5.33 89.67a 0.41 99.67a 8.10 86.74a
CK 210.67 - 59.33 - 152.97 - 60.71 -
异丙甲草胺Metolachlor T1 47.33 69.93b 17.67 63.14c 44.06 66.28b 33.94 43.40c
T2 24.33 86.48ab 13.00 69.86bc 25.16 82.72ab 25.58 57.93bc
T3 16.67 90.71a 7.33 83.33ab 19.30 86.97ab 16.39 72.98ab
T4 10.67 95.02a 4.00 90.86a 9.62 95.00a 6.78 89.23a
CK 210.67 - 59.33 - 152.97 - 60.71 -

Table 4

Field weed control after seedling emergence 40d"

除草剂
Herbicide		 处理
Treatment		 杂草株防效Weed plant control effect 杂草鲜重防效Weed fresh weight control effect
禾本科杂草
Gramineous weeds		 阔叶杂草
Broadleaf weeds		 禾本科杂草
Gramineous weeds		 阔叶杂草
Broadleaf weeds
株数
Plant
number		 株防效
Plant control
effect
株数
Plant number		 株防效
Plant control
effect		 鲜重
Fresh
weight		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight
control effect		 鲜重
Fresh
weight		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight
control effect
乙草胺Acetochlor T1 9.67 78.35b 4.00 74.03b 614.25 71.41c 301.56 58.56d
T2 5.00 88.59ab 4.00 73.75b 195.00 89.40b 230.45 68.31c
T3 2.33 93.72a 1.67 89.03a 20.47 98.46a 165.00 77.36b
T4 1.67 95.77a 1.67 89.03a 27.03 98.01a 73.39 89.79a
CK 43.77 - 5.33 - 703.00 - 770.63 -
异丙甲草胺Metolachlor T1 8.00 80.70b 3.67 58.61c 166.90 73.00b 227.14 68.04b
T2 4.67 88.58ab 2.67 65.14bc 100.85 82.62b 234.61 67.49b
T3 2.33 94.01a 4.67 69.45b 15.00 97.56a 87.53 88.09a
T4 2.00 95.05a 5.33 82.64a 15.71 96.81a 72.90 89.66a
CK 43.77 - 5.33 - 703.00 - 770.63 -

Table 5

Effects of herbicide on grain yield"

除草剂
Herbicide		 处理
Treatment		 重复Ⅰ产量(kg/hm2)
Repeat Ⅰyield		 重复Ⅱ产量(kg/hm2)
Repeat Ⅱ yield		 重复Ⅲ产量(kg/hm2)
Repeat Ⅲ yield		 平均产量(kg/hm2)
Average yield		 增产率(%)
Yield increase rate
乙草胺Acetochlor CK 8 940.37 8 834.78 8 578.37 8 784.51b -
T1 9 726.29 9 665.67 9 764.23 9 718.73a 10.63
T2 8 621.82 8 636.03 8 861.41 8 706.42b -0.09
T3 7 385.28 6 253.66 5 400.26 6 346.40c -27.75
T4 4 893.58 5 533.28 5 082.76 5 169.87d -41.15
异丙甲草胺Metolachlor CK 8 940.37 8 834.78 8 578.37 8 784.51ab -
T1 9 120.50 9 724.89 10 790.87 9 878.75a 12.46
T2 8 415.17 9 497.13 9 221.02 9 044.44ab 2.96
T3 7 460.09 8 854.03 7 887.13 8 067.08b -8.17
T4 5 741.46 6 499.56 6 981.20 6 407.41c -27.06
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