Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 141-145.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.01.023

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Effects of Nitrogen Management on Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation

Zhang Yongqiang1,Qi Xiaoxiao2,Zhang Lu1,Dong Huiyun2,Chen Chuanxin1, Sailihan·Sai1,Xue Lihua1,Chen Xingwu1(),Lei Junjie1()   

  1. 1Research Insititute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
    2College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2019-07-23 Revised:2019-09-10 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-23
  • Contact: Xingwu Chen,Junjie Lei E-mail:cxw0723@sina.com;leijunjie@sohu.com

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Abstract:

This study was designed to elusidate the effects of nitrogen drop period and nitrogen ratio on the physiological characteristics of flag leaf and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation. Six different drip irrigation topdressing treatments were set up under the condition of total nitrogen application rate of 300kg/ha, which were represented by F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 along with no nitrogen as the control (F0) respectively. The effects of leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic parameters and yield of winter wheat was investigated. The results showed that the changes of LAI and SPAD values of different treatments of drip-irrigated winter wheat were consistent, and they all showed "first increase and then decrease". LAI of F4 treatment was relatively large, and the difference of SPAD between treatments was not clear. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the flag leaf of 10d age were F5>F1>F6>F4>F2>F3>F0. The change of CO2 concentration (Ci) and Pn, Gs in each treatment showed an opposite trend. Grain yield was the highest in F5 treatment, which was 9 889.35kg/ha, which was 23.70%, 3.10%, 6.52%, 21.44%, 7.94%, and 14.10% higher than that of F0, F1, F2, F3, F4, and F6, respectively. According to the comprehensive analysis, the photosynthetic performance of winter wheat was the optimal treatment under the condition of total nitrogen application rate of 300kg/ha, topdressing of 123.3kg/ha at upstanding stage and 41.1kg/ha at booting and flowering stages under drip irrigation condition.

Key words: Winter wheat, Nitrogen fertilizer application, Drip irrigation, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

Table 1

The proportion of topdressing nitrogen at different growth stages of wheat under drip irrigation kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 基肥
Base fertilizer		 追氮时期及追氮量 The period and amount of topdressing nitrogen 总追氮量
Topdressing nitrogen
quantity		 施氮总量
Total nitrogen
application
起身期
Setting		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 开花期
Anthesis
F0 - - - - - - -
F1 94.5 123.3（60%） 82.2（40%） 205.5 300
F2 94.5 123.3（60%） - - 82.2（40%） 205.5 300
F3 94.5 - 123.3（60%） 82.2（40%） - 205.5 300
F4 94.5 - 123.3（60%） - 82.2（40%） 205.5 300
F5 94.5 123.3（60%） - 41.1（20%） 41.1（20%） 205.5 300
F6 94.5 123.3（60%） 41.1（20%） 41.1（20%） 205.5 300

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on LAI of winter wheat under drip irrigation"

Fig.2

Effects of different treatments on SPAD value of winter wheat under drip irrigation"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under drip irrigation Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference （P<0.05）"

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on the yield and yield components of winter wheat under drip irrigation"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
(×104/hm2)
Spike number		 穗粒数
Kernels
per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-kernel
weight		 实收产量
(kg/hm2)
Actual yield
F0 727.23a 34.30b 39.86c 7 994.84c
F1 730.06a 38.33a 44.50b 9 592.15a
F2 842.48a 37.93a 47.86a 9 283.80ab
F3 752.73a 35.75ab 47.79a 8 143.74c
F4 841.54a 38.50a 43.71b 9 161.57ab
F5 833.94a 38.15a 45.61ab 9 889.35a
F6 818.83a 37.85a 47.42a 8 667.10bc
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