Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 208-213.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.06.030

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Nutritional Quality of Vegetable Sweet Potato

Wang Heshou()   

  1. Ningde Inspection and Testing Centre for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ningde 352100, Fujian, China
  • Received:2021-07-28 Revised:2021-10-14 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-21

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the nutritional quality of sweet potato leaves and provide basis for formulating scientific fertilization technology, two kinds of sweet potato varieties, Tainong 71 and Fucaishu 18 were selected, and five nitrogen levels were set up, which were 0.00 (CK), 87.50 (T1), 175.00 (T2), 262.50 (T3), and 350.00g/m2 (T4). The contents of flavonoids, soluble protein and soluble sugar in the samples were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and visible spectrophotometer. The results showed that the content of isoquercitrin was the highest among the seven flavonoids, which reached to 74.43mg/kg in Fucaishu 18, dihydroquercetin was found in both varieties, and the contents of five other flavonoids were relatively low. There were significant negative correlations between the six detected flavonoids and the amount of N applied (P < 0.01), and there was no difference between two varieties. When the amount of N application reached 262.50g/m2 (T3), the total flavone mass of Fucaishu 18 reached the maximum, and the change of N application rate was not significant for the total flavonoids of Tainong 71 (P > 0.05). After N application, the soluble protein content of the two varieties were significantly lower than that of the treatment without N application, and there was a significant negative correlation between the soluble protein content and N application rate (P < 0.01). Soluble protein amount per unit area reached the maximum when the nitrogen application rate reached 262.50g/m2 (T3). There was a positive correlation between soluble sugar content in leaves and N application rate, but it did not reach a significant level (P > 0.05), while there was a significant negative correlation between soluble protein and soluble sugar contents (P < 0.05). The results showed that when the N application rate was 262.50g/m2, it could not only ensure the yield of leaf sweet potato, but also its health quality.

Key words: Nitrogen, Leaf vegetable sweet potato, Nutritional quality, Yield

Table 1

The content and yield of flavonoids in different test groups"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 芦丁
Rutin
(mg/kg)		 异槲皮苷
Isoquercitrin
(mg/kg)		 槲皮苷
Quercitrin
(mg/kg)		 槲皮素
Quercetin
(mg/kg)		 柚皮素
Naringenin
(mg/kg)		 山奈酚
Kaempferol
(mg/kg)		 总黄酮
Total flavone
content (mg/kg)		 产量
Yield
(kg/m2)		 总黄酮质量
Total flavonoids
(mg/m2)
台农71
Tainong 71		 CK 11.57±1.76a 35.82±0.40b 0.29±0.02bc 1.08±0.30b 0.07±0.01a 0.26±0.04a 49.09±2.24b 0.57±0.02d 27.88±1.81c
T1 3.26±0.58b 15.89±3.27c 0.22±0.07cd 0.57±0.05cd 0.05±0.01b 0.12±0.02b 20.11±3.17d 1.49±0.16bc 29.53±3.28c
T2 2.34±0.28bc 11.51±0.59d 0.13±0.02de 0.23±0.02e 0.04±0.01c 0.06±0.01cd 14.32±0.80e 1.82±0.23b 25.96±2.93c
T3 2.03±0.33bcd 9.77±0.91d 0.12±0.02de 0.26±0.03e 0.02±0.01d 0.07±0.01cd 12.26±1.23ef 2.31±0.07a 28.40±3.28c
T4 1.67±0.03cde 8.87±0.46d 0.09±0.03e 0.23±0.02e 0.02±0.01d 0.05±0.01de 10.92±0.34f 2.40±0.07a 26.29±1.55c
福菜薯18
Fucaishu 18		 CK 3.07±0.06b 74.43±0.93a 0.58±0.06a 1.40±0.04a 0.06±0.01a 0.10±0.02bc 79.64±0.76a 0.38±0.03d 30.05±2.66c
T1 1.45±0.07cdef 38.21±1.39b 0.35±0.06b 0.77±0.06c 0.05±0.01bc 0.07±0.01cd 40.89±1.18c 1.15±0.22c 46.79±8.14ab
T2 0.77±0.10def 18.19±0.44c 0.20±0.03cd 0.42±0.01de 0.02±0.01d 0.03±0.01de 19.63±0.42d 1.77±0.20b 34.88±4.31b
T3 0.60±0.07ef 16.31±2.57c 0.22±0.01cd 0.48±0.13de 0.03±0.01d 0.04±0.01de 17.67±2.09d 2.30±0.27a 40.75±7.34a
T4 0.20±0.05f 4.80±0.42f 0.14±0.07de 0.24±0.01e 0.02±0.01d 0.02±0.01e 5.42±0.39g 2.32±0.17a 12.62±1.61d

Table 2

Correlation analysis between flavonoids and nitrogen level"

指标
Index		 芦丁
Rutin		 异槲皮苷
Isoquercitrin		 槲皮苷
Quercitrin		 槲皮素
Quercetin		 柚皮素
Naringenin		 山奈酚
Kaempferol
氮素水平Nitrogen rate -0.62** -0.78** -0.74** -0.82** -0.88** -0.68**
芦丁Rutin 0.33 0.24 0.56** 0.72** 0.97**
异槲皮苷Isoquercitrin 0.94** 0.91** 0.70** 0.38*
槲皮苷Quercitrin 0.88** 0.64** 0.31
槲皮素Quercetin 0.80** 0.61**
柚皮素Naringenin 0.80**

Table 3

Linear regression relationship between flavonoids and nitrogen level"

自变量
Argument		 项目
Item		 非标准化系数
Denormalization coefficient (B)		 标准系数
Standard coefficient		 t 显著性
Significance		 VIF R2
B 标准误差Standard error
芦丁Rutin 常量 5.46 0.82 / 6.69 0 0.38
氮素梯度 -0.02 0.00 -0.62 -4.15 0 1
异槲皮苷Isoquercitrin 常量 45.50 4.09 / 11.11 0 0.61
氮素梯度 -0.13 0.02 -0.78 -6.62 0 1
槲皮苷Quercitrin 常量 0.39 0.03 / 11.98 0 0.54
氮素梯度 -0.00 0.00 -0.74 -5.76 0 1
槲皮素Quercetin 常量 1.03 0.07 / 14.06 0 0.68
氮素梯度 -0.00 0.00 -0.82 -7.73 0 1
柚皮素Naringenin 常量 0.06 0.00 / 20.18 0 0.78
氮素梯度 -0.00 0.00 -0.88 -9.86 0 1
山奈酚Kaempferol 常量 0.15 0.02 / 9.17 0 0.47
氮素梯度 -0.00 0.00 -0.68 -4.97 0 1

Table 4

Content and unit mass of soluble protein and soluble sugar in different test groups"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 可溶性蛋白含量
Soluble protein content (mg/g)		 可溶性糖含量
Soluble sugar content (mg/g)		 可溶性蛋白质量
Total soluble protein (g/m2)		 可溶性糖质量
Total soluble sugar (g/m2)
台农71
Tainong 71		 CK 108.16±13.55b 9.22±1.14c 61.71±9.95e 5.25±0.78d
T1 71.22±0.77c 13.10±1.89bc 105.76±9.91cd 21.91±3.09bc
T2 75.20±10.76c 14.71±0.93b 138.84±34.25abc 24.16±6.31abc
T3 71.05±1.70c 13.78±3.62b 164.48±8.75a 25.01±6.31abc
T4 63.99±1.50c 10.83±1.97bc 153.78±4.09ab 32.92±7.73a
福菜薯18
Fucaishu 18		 CK 125.71±11.21a 10.76±1.62bc 47.49±6.13e 4.05±0.84d
T1 71.59±3.65c 13.96±2.23b 81.46±12.21de 15.53±0.38c
T2 67.97±6.82c 19.42±1.71a 119.80±10.53bc 34.80±7.02a
T3 70.03±5.21c 12.35±1.57bc 161.10±21.41a 28.34±4.55ab
T4 67.53±6.56c 11.22±0.98bc 157.56±26.02ab 26.18±4.13abc

Table 5

Correlation analysis between soluble protein, soluble sugar and nitrogen level"

指标
Index		 可溶性蛋白
Soluble protein		 可溶性糖
Soluble sugar
氮素水平Nitrogen rate -0.70** 0.10
可溶性蛋白Soluble protein -0.39*

Table 6

Linear regression relationship between soluble protein and nitrogen level and soluble sugar"

项目
Item		 非标准化系数Denormalization coefficient (B) 标准系数
Standard coefficient		 t 显著性
Significance		 VIF R2
B 标准误差Standard error
常量Constant 124.98 10.62 / 11.77 0.00 / 0.59
氮素梯度Nitrogen rate -0.11 0.02 -0.67 -5.41 0.00 1.01
可溶性糖Soluble sugar -2.01 0.78 -0.32 -2.60 0.02 1.01
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