Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 233-242.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.032

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nitrogen and Delayed Harvest on Foxtail Millet Yield and Grain Quality

Shen Tianyu1(), Wang Yuan2, Dong Erwei2, Wang Jinsong2, Liu Qiuxia2, Jiao Xiaoyan2()   

  1. 1School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
    2College of Resource & Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2022-09-16 Revised:2023-09-14 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

89

Abstract:

Six foxtail millet cultivars, including Gonggu 88, Jingu 21, Changnong 47, Changnong 35, Jigu 41 and Yugu 35, were used as test materials in experiments in 2021. There were four treatments：without N application combined with harvest at physiological maturity (N0T1), without N application combined with harvest 14d after physiological maturity (N0T2), 150 N kg/ha combined with harvest at physiological maturity (N1T1) and 150 N kg/ha combined with harvest 14d after physiological maturity with (N1T2). The effects of nitrogen and delayed harvest on yield, nutrient accumulation, folate content and pasting properties were studied. The results showed that N application increased grains number per ear (GNPE), grain yield and aboveground phosphorus accumulation. Delayed harvest increased 1000-grain weight and grain yield, and reduced K accumulation of aboveground and the content of total folate. Both N application and delayed harvest decreased peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity. N application reduced setback of pasting. The pasting temperature was increased by N0T2 treatment. Correlation analysis showed that grain yield was positively correlated with GNPE, N and P accumulation. There were negative relationships between grain yield and most pasting parameters. The total folate content of millet was positively correlated with the accumulation of N and K, and negatively correlated with setback. Both N application and delayed harvest were able to exert beneficial effects on grain yield, but reduced the foxtail millet pasting properties. N application also alleviated the reduction of aboveground K accumulation and folate content caused by delayed harvest.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Delayed harvest, Nitrogen, Folate, Pasting properties

Table 1

Foxtail millet cultivars and harvest times"

品种
Cultivar		 育成单位
Breeding unit		 留苗密度（×104株/hm2）
Seedling density
(×104 plant/hm2)		 不施氮（N0）
Without N application		 施氮（N1）
N application
T1 T2 T1 T2
公谷88 Gonggu 88 吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所 45.0 09-25 10-09 09-27 10-11
晋谷21 Jingu 21 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 45.0 09-26 10-10 09-28 10-12
长农47 Changnong 47 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所 45.0 10-01 10-15 10-02 10-16
长农35 Changnong 35 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所 45.0 10-01 10-15 10-02 10-16
冀谷41 Jigu 41 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 52.5 09-22 10-06 09-25 10-09
豫谷35 Yugu 35 安阳市农业科学院 52.5 09-19 10-03 09-20 10-04

Table 2

ANOVA analysis of effects of N application and harvest time on yield and nutrient accumulation aboveground of foxtail millet (F-value)"

变异来源
Source of variations		 产量
Yield		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 穗粒数
Grain number per ear		 地上干物质积累量
Dry matter aboveground		 养分累积量Nutrient accumulation
N P K
氮水平N level (N) 48.11** 4.51* 40.89** 22.06** 481.88** 57.87** 50.30**
收获时期Harvest time (T) 4.61** 19.41** 0.00 0.01 0.13 3.52** 65.49**
氮水平×收获时期(N×T) 0.16 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.49 1.18 1.50

Table 3

Effects of N application and harvest time on grain yield and NPK accumulation aboveground of foxtail millet"

品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 穗粒数
Grain number
per ear		 地上干物质积累量
Dry matter
aboveground (kg/hm2)		 养分积累量Nutrient accumulation (kg/hm2)
N P K
公谷88
Gonggu 88		 N0T1 5546.81±97.26b 2.48±0.01c 4977.27±227.37a 7448.33±28.57b 85.19±4.00b 16.98±0.26bc 136.67±2.44a
N0T2 5882.74±79.46b 2.63±0.02b 4975.25±226.06a 7555.48±26.51b 76.11±6.12b 16.54±0.95c 74.70±4.62c
N1T1 6057.97±3.17ab 2.52±0.04c 5353.25±77.95a 8873.50±38.88a 128.12±1.63a 19.67±0.73ab 137.19±3.85a
N1T2 6545.06±108.84a 2.71±0.02a 5359.88±75.28a 8823.87±47.68a 130.09±0.91a 20.05±1.24a 114.89±5.46b
晋谷21
Jingu 21		 N0T1 4680.34±202.16b 2.59±0.02b 4025.09±169.01b 10 579.98±45.62b 91.53±0.56c 16.96±0.90b 138.06±1.54b
N0T2 4719.49±165.02b 2.61±0.03b 4020.15±167.94b 10 694.81±30.46b 96.76±1.71b 18.87±0.49a 104.99±5.51c
N1T1 5422.26±97.47a 2.63±0.03b 4581.17±68.66a 11 097.77±50.84a 141.84±2.47a 17.03±0.06b 164.74±5.36a
N1T2 5617.16±94.71a 2.72±0.01a 4588.51±66.39a 11 232.63±60.14a 140.83±0.51a 18.91±0.15a 128.41±1.19b
长农47
Changnong 47		 N0T1 4700.43±55.13c 2.35±0.03c 4447.42±62.38b 9734.81±38.33b 81.47±3.02b 15.70±0.31b 115.39±3.49c
N0T2 4901.16±144.49c 2.45±0.04b 4447.80±61.93b 9826.12±33.33b 85.58±13.05b 14.19±0.97b 98.79±2.52d
N1T1 6214.54±30.12b 2.43±0.01bc 5674.80±46.79a 11 251.83±61.61a 160.38±5.67a 21.85±0.69a 177.23±3.43a
N1T2 6524.16±7.88a 2.56±0.02a 5675.49±43.29a 11 285.91±37.93a 161.26±3.72a 24.19±0.99a 130.20±4.66b
长农35
Changnong35		 N0T1 5069.22±133.34b 2.30±0.04c 4914.8±178.35a 10 046.45±16.85b 90.22±4.20b 17.61±0.11b 108.67±4.94b
N0T2 5279.16±199.07b 2.39±0.03b 4913.46±179.76a 10 065.56±28.97b 90.16±9.35b 18.17±0.97b 90.64±12.90b
N1T1 5693.80±57.89a 2.43±0.01b 5216.68±44.20a 10 913.31±48.47a 147.23±4.13a 22.95±1.06a 184.77±5.87a
N1T2 5972.16±26.69a 2.54±0.02a 5227.02±49.37a 10 969.86±10.08a 149.23±11.13a 22.32±0.91a 114.01±4.66b
冀谷41
Jigu 41		 N0T1 5058.96±29.46c 2.29±0.02b 4208.66±31.71b 9675.46±39.54b 82.75±6.44b 17.08±0.76b 114.76±2.11ab
N0T2 5295.57±82.46bc 2.41±0.02a 4195.30±32.60a 9582.00±32.14b 74.02±8.66b 18.30±0.89b 102.07±4.69c
N1T1 5594.01±37.28b 2.27±0.03b 4693.13±84.08a 11 511.88±50.19a 144.71±2.57a 17.39±0.28b 116.94±3.76a
N1T2 5942.45±188.79a 2.41±0.04a 4696.42±80.97a 11 566.02±57.64a 140.31±4.35a 21.47±1.28a 103.17±3.65bc
豫谷35
Yugu 35		 N0T1 5663.72±56.61d 2.30±0.00b 4701.27±45.64b 10 840.04±61.63b 83.98±3.76b 16.51±0.42b 110.54±3.90b
N0T2 6104.55±61.76c 2.47±0.02a 4701.61±47.53b 10 784.63±59.71b 74.75±3.36b 17.17±2.27b 84.58±5.81c
N1T1 7205.72±54.60b 2.30±0.03b 5961.13±22.95a 11 672.24±47.45a 147.08±4.85a 22.91±0.31a 152.98±4.46a
N1T2 7717.08±80.89a 2.46±0.02a 5975.40±26.02a 11 584.76±62.95a 153.26±2.73a 24.24±1.62a 108.89±6.54b

Table 4

ANOVA analysis of effects of N application and harvest time on foxtail millet grain folate and its derivative contents (F-value)"

变异来源
Source of variation		 总叶酸
Total folate		 5-甲酰四氢叶酸
5-CHO-THF		 5-甲基四氢叶酸
5-CH3-THF		 四氢叶酸
THF		 10-甲酰叶酸
10-CHO-FA		 5,10-次甲基四氢叶酸
5,10-CH=THF
氮水平N level (N) 178.72** 147.71** 93.27** 136.31** 25.89** 119.10**
收获时期Harvest time (T) 503.02** 442.70** 177.44** 345.75** 754.30** 129.13**
氮水平×收获时期（N×T） 20.69** 22.11** 3.09 46.49** 21.19* 70.98**

Table 5

Effects of N application and harvest time on foxtail millet grain total folate and its derivative contents μg/100g"

品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 总叶酸
Total folate		 5-甲酰四氢叶酸
5-CHO-THF		 5-甲基四氢叶酸
5-CH3-THF		 四氢叶酸
THF		 10-甲酰叶酸
10-CHO-FA		 5,10-次甲基四氢叶酸
5,10-CH=THF
公谷88
Gonggu 88		 N0T1 44.05±3.30b 21.72±1.31b 17.63±1.82b 1.47±0.15b 2.49±0.20b 0.73±0.15b
N0T2 15.22±0.46d 6.97±0.28d 7.29±0.24d 0.62±0.02c 0.45±0.04c 0.34±0.03b
N1T1 56.94±3.40a 28.02±2.89a 21.84±0.64a 2.36±0.20a 3.17±0.14a 1.56±0.19a
N1T2 26.33±1.38c 12.28±0.42c 12.44±0.87c 1.09±0.09b 0.52±0.04c 0.53±0.04b
晋谷21
Jingu 21		 N0T1 41.40±1.56b 21.08±1.27b 16.40±0.40b 1.33±0.22b 2.09±0.30b 0.50±0.24b
N0T2 14.82±2.39d 5.98±1.22d 8.23±1.13c 0.40±0.03c 0.51±0.03c 0.21±0.04b
N1T1 69.16±2.13a 32.14±0.73a 30.29±0.74a 2.20±0.29a 3.09±0.15a 1.44±0.30a
N1T2 31.89±1.84c 13.63±1.07c 17.06±0.77b 0.83±0.05b 0.49±0.02c 0.36±0.04b
长农47
Changnong 47		 N0T1 32.20±0.39b 14.16±1.60b 14.25±1.71b 1.22±0.14b 2.22±0.29b 0.35±0.21b
N0T2 18.60±1.33c 7.74±0.56b 9.99±0.74c 0.59±0.05c 0.57±0.02c 0.28±0.06b
N1T1 60.41±3.44a 28.36±3.31a 25.15±0.31a 2.48±0.20a 2.82±0.17a 1.61±0.20a
N1T2 27.07±2.09b 11.32±0.97b 14.65±0.96b 0.74±0.13c 0.61±0.03c 0.36±0.04b
长农35
Changnong 35		 N0T1 31.67±2.16b 14.63±1.00b 13.35±1.38b 1.36±0.03b 1.97±0.25b 0.36±0.13b
N0T2 15.20±2.41c 6.09±1.01c 8.23±1.24c 0.57±0.16c 0.43±0.02c 0.31±0.08b
N1T1 57.26±3.26a 29.90±2.24a 20.96±0.69a 2.46±0.29a 2.68±0.35a 1.26±0.07a
N1T2 30.03±3.31b 13.53±2.01b 15.20±1.17b 0.89±0.09bc 0.48±0.04c 0.41±0.05b
冀谷41
Jigu 41		 N0T1 42.44±1.24b 17.41±1.03b 21.65±0.40a 1.28±0.19b 1.65±0.07b 0.45±0.15b
N0T2 15.03±0.86d 6.61±0.47d 7.62±0.30c 0.54±0.05c 0.49±0.03c 0.27±0.05b
N1T1 54.05±0.81a 26.32±0.25a 21.85±0.56a 2.19±0.12a 2.43±0.23a 1.26±0.13a
N1T2 22.31±2.43c 9.93±0.97c 11.28±1.39b 0.74±0.08c 0.54±0.02c 0.36±0.02b
豫谷35
Yugu 35		 N0T1 39.20±0.29b 19.38±0.17b 16.17±0.10b 1.06±0.21b 2.32±0.17a 0.27±0.13b
N0T2 22.41±1.15d 9.34±0.46d 11.92±0.81d 0.80±0.03b 0.58±0.04c 0.34±0.02b
N1T1 63.07±0.98a 31.39±0.81a 24.92±0.51a 2.64±0.08a 2.68±0.18a 1.43±0.02a
N1T2 27.61±1.38c 11.99±0.77c 14.19±0.53c 0.95±0.05b 0.60±0.03c 0.48±0.05a

Table 6

ANOVA analysis of effects of N application and harvest time on pasting properties of foxtail millet (F-value)"

变异来源
Source of variation		 峰值黏度
Peak viscosity		 谷值黏度
Trough viscosity		 崩解值
Breakdown		 最终黏度
Final viscosity		 回升值
Setback		 糊化温度
Pasting temperature
氮水平N level (N) 115.83** 55.04** 26.24** 243.27** 108.43** 0.09
收获时期Harvest time (T) 13.43** 172.13** 4.25* 76.13** 3.93* 8.43**
氮水平×收获时期（N×T） 0.02 0.25 0.01 9.71** 15.98** 1.55

Table 7

Effects of N application and harvest time on pasting properties of foxtail millet"

品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 峰值黏度
Peak viscosity
(BU)		 谷值黏度
Trough viscosity
(BU)		 崩解值
Breakdown
(BU)		 最终黏度
Final viscosity
(BU)		 回升值
Setback
(BU)		 糊化温度
Pasting temperature
(oC)
公谷88
Gonggu 88		 N0T1 300.33±4.18a 182.33±9.06a 103.00±2.52a 548.00±3.21a 365.67±7.51b 77.27±0.32ab
N0T2 290.00±4.04a 106.00±10.02b 93.33±0.88b 514.00±11.14b 408.00±6.03a 78.30±0.06a
N1T1 252.67±9.94b 181.67±5.24a 83.00±2.08c 498.00±9.17b 316.33±14.19c 77.33±0.48ab
N1T2 252.00±8.66b 65.67±5.90c 86.00±2.65c 413.33±4.70c 347.67±9.14bc 77.00±0.40b
晋谷21
Jingu 21		 N0T1 296.00±2.89a 210.33±0.88a 97.00±9.29ab 540.67±7.75a 330.33±8.51b 75.80±0.29a
N0T2 288.00±11.02a 155.67±5.21b 104.67±6.12a 551.67±7.31a 396.00±4.51a 76.87±0.52a
N1T1 251.67±10.73b 139.00±5.51c 98.33±9.33ab 430.67±3.84b 291.67±7.84c 76.20±0.97a
N1T2 215.33±3.93c 54.67±6.69d 76.67±2.33b 330.33±4.26c 275.67±6.67c 77.60±0.15a
长农47
Changnong 47		 N0T1 273.67±13.86a 153.67±9.24a 96.00±6.43a 526.00±2.65a 372.33±11.10a 76.33±0.32a
N0T2 245.00±10.15ab 64.67±13.04b 84.00±5.29a 420.67±10.48b 356.00±21.55a 77.37±0.74a
N1T1 240.67±6.01ab 134.33±19.60a 85.33±4.33a 431.00±5.20b 296.67±16.80b 76.40±0.75a
N1T2 214.67±9.68b 47.67±1.76b 81.33±5.78a 318.67±3.48c 271.00±4.73b 76.97±0.43a
长农35
Changnong 35		 N0T1 271.33±12.02a 214.00±15.01a 98.33±3.28a 507.00±16.04a 278.33±16.67bc 75.20±0.45b
N0T2 271.33±1.76a 119.67±14.88bc 99.33±2.96a 489.33±6.12a 369.67±8.76a 76.43±0.48b
N1T1 239.33±6.89b 132.33±13.57b 85.67±8.99ab 437.00±10.58b 304.67±10.27b 76.43±0.49b
N1T2 204.00±0.58c 82.67±1.45c 75.00±0.58b 339.33±4.63c 256.67±3.84c 79.23±1.29a
冀谷41
Jigu 41		 N0T1 309.00±11.50a 198.33±8.35a 103.33±4.48a 569.00±9.07a 370.67±1.86a 77.07±0.45a
N0T2 260.67±13.22b 97.00±3.61c 78.33±9.56b 493.00±4.51b 396.00±6.66a 79.73±0.64a
N1T1 222.33±1.45c 134.67±8.88b 69.67±1.45b 423.33±8.84c 288.67±2.60b 77.67±0.23a
N1T2 216.00±7.09c 47.00±12.06d 66.67±1.33b 344.67±7.22d 297.67±19.17b 76.47±2.51a
豫谷35
Yugu 35		 N0T1 270.67±5.81a 181.33±10.98a 81.00±10.82a 543.67±2.03a 362.33±8.95b 77.40±0.06b
N0T2 269.00±7.09a 101.67±3.33c 87.67±2.91a 508.00±7.23b 406.33±10.17a 78.63±0.27a
N1T1 222.33±10.68b 130.00±1.53b 76.33±2.03a 441.00±1.00c 311.00±1.53c 78.10±0.25a
N1T2 222.67±8.41b 95.33±1.76c 78.00±1.53a 370.67±11.26d 275.33±10.84d 78.17±0.09a

Fig.1

Principal component analysis of yield and its components, aboveground NPK accumulation, folate content and pasting parameters of foxtail millet (a) Score plot, (b) Loading plot. GY: yield, TWG: 1000-grain weight, GNPE: grain numbers per ear, N: plant N accumulation, P: plant P accumulation, K: plant K accumulation, TF: total folate content, PV: peak viscosity, TV: trough viscosity, BD: breakdown, FV: final viscosity, SB: setback, PT: pasting temperature. The same below"

Fig.2

Correlation analysis of grain yield and its components, aboveground NPK accumulation, folate content and pasting parameters of foxtail millet (a) Gonggu 88, (b) Jingu 21, (c) Changnong 47, (d) Changnong 35, (e) Jigu 41, (f) Yugu 35"

[1] 贾冠清, 刁现民. 中国谷子种业创新现状与未来展望. 中国农业科学, 2022, 55(4):653-665.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2022.04.003
[2] Verma S, Srivastava S, Tiwari N. Comparative study on nutritional and sensory quality of barnyard and foxtail millet food products with traditional rice products. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2014, 52(8):5147-5155.
doi: 10.1007/s13197-014-1617-y
[3] Shen R, Yang S P, Zhao G H, et al. Identification of carotenoids in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and the effects of cooking methods on carotenoid content. Journal of Cereal Science, 2015, 61:86-93.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.10.009
[4] Paul M F. Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 2000, 11:296-297.
doi: 10.1016/S0924-2244(01)00010-3
[5] Soujanye K V, Jayadeep A P. Obesity-associaed biochemical markers of inflammation and the role of grain phytochemicals. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2022, 46(9):e14257.
[6] Blancquaert D, Storozhenko S, Loizeau K, et al. Folates and Folic Acid: from fundamental research toward sustainable health. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2010, 29(1):14-15.
doi: 10.1080/07352680903436283
[7] Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002, 346(7):476-483.
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa011613 pmid: 11844848
[8] Matthias E, Michael A, Inna K, et al. Folate deficiency increases postischemic brain injury. Folate Deficiency and Stroke, 2005, 36:321-325.
[9] 邵丽华, 王莉, 白文文, 等. 山西谷子资源叶酸含量分析及评价. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(7):1265-1272.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.07.003
[10] Bekaert S, Storozhenk S, Mehrshahi P, et al. Folate biofortification in food plants. Trends in Plant Science, 2008, 13(1):30-35.
[11] Li C. Recent progress in understanding starch gelatinization-an important property determining food quality. Carbohydrate Polymer, 2022, 293:119735.
doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119735
[12] 杨志杰, 刘焕新, 吴海岩, 等. 谷子收获机械化发展方向及配套机具. 河北农业科学, 2013, 17(3):6-8.
[13] 贺孝兵. 山西省谷子生产全程机械化技术集成研究与推广. 农业开发与装备, 2018(12):218-219.
[14] 柳枫贺, 王克如, 李健, 等. 影响玉米机械收粒质量因素的分析. 作物杂志, 2013(4):116-119.
[15] 谢瑞芝, 雷晓鹏, 王克如, 等. 黄淮海夏玉米子粒机械收获研究初报. 作物杂志, 2014(2):76-79.
[16] Xiao Q G, Xin F, Lou Z X, et al. Effect of aviation spray adjuvants on defoliant droplet deposition and cotton defoliation efficacy sprayed by unmanned aerial vehicles. Agronomy, 2019, 9(5):217.
doi: 10.3390/agronomy9050217
[17] 李少昆, 王克如, 谢瑞芝, 等. 机械粒收推动玉米生产方式转型. 中国农业科学, 2018, 51(10):1842-1844.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.10.003
[18] 马贵芳, 满夏夏, 张益娟, 等. 谷子穗发育期转录组与叶酸代谢谱联合分析. 作物学报, 2021, 47(5):826-846.
[19] 姜小苓, 张自阳, 冯素伟, 等. 收获期对BNS杂交小麦面粉和馒头品质的影响. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(12):3495-3500.
[20] 高小峰, 景航, 闫本帅, 等. 长期施氮对谷子根系内生真菌群落特征的影响. 水土保持学报, 2021, 35(5):303-311.
[21] 张学林, 王群, 赵亚丽, 等. 施氮水平和收获时期对夏玉米产量和籽粒品质的影响. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(10):2565-2572.
[22] 申丹丹, 牛轶男, 朱敏, 等. 氮、硫肥配施对稻茬麦氮素利用及籽粒产量和品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2022, 42(2):188-195.
[23] 谢呈辉, 马海曌, 许宏伟, 等. 施氮量对宁夏引黄灌区麦后复种糜子生长、产量及氮素利用的影响. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2):463-477.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14010
[24] Li W C, Liang Q J, Ratnesh C M, et al. The 5-formyl- tetrahydrofolate proteome links folates with C/N metabolism and reveals feedback regulation of folate biosynthesis. The Plant Cell, 2021, 33(10):3367-3385.
doi: 10.1093/plcell/koab198
[25] Jiang L, Liu Y N, Sun H, et al. The mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate synthetase gene is required for nitrogen utilization during early seedling development in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, 2013, 161(2):971-989.
doi: 10.1104/pp.112.203430 pmid: 23129207
[26] Akhtar T, Orsomando G, Mehrshahi P, et al. A central role for gamma-glutamyl hydrolases in plant folate homeostasis. The Plant Journal, 2010, 64(2):256-266.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04330.x pmid: 21070406
[27] Suh J R, Herbig A K, Stover P J. New perspectives on folate catabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition, 2001, 21(1):255-282.
doi: 10.1146/nutr.2001.21.issue-1
[28] Tschoep H, Gibon Y, Carillo P, et al. Adjustment of growth and central metabolism to a mild but sustained nitrogen-limitation in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell & Environment, 2009, 32(3):300-318.
[29] Gao L C, Bai W M, Xia M J, et al. Diverse effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the structural, pasting, andthermal properties of common buckwheat starch. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2021, 179:542-549.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.045
[30] Gu J F, Chen J, Chen L, et al. Grain quality changes and responses to nitrogen fertilizer of japonica rice cultivars released in the Yangtze River Basin from the 1950s to 2000s. The Crop Journal, 2015, 3(4):285-297.
doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2015.03.007
[31] Riaz B, Liang Q J, Wan X, et al. Folate content analysis of wheat cultivars developed in the North China Plain. Food Chemistry, 2019, 289:377-383.
doi: S0308-8146(19)30505-9 pmid: 30955626
[32] 李璐璐, 王克如, 谢瑞芝, 等. 玉米生理成熟后田间脱水期间的籽粒重量与含水率变化. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(11):2052-2060.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.11.011
[33] 刘梦, 张垚, 葛均筑, 等. 不同降雨年型施氮量与收获期对夏玉米产量及氮肥利用效率的影响. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2):497-510.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.23014
[34] 薛军, 王群, 李璐璐, 等. 玉米生理成熟后倒伏变化及其影响因素. 作物学报, 2018, 44(12):1782-1792.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01782
[35] 魏凤桐, 陶洪斌, 王璞. 旱稻297非结构性碳水化合物的生产与产量构成因子的关系. 作物学报, 2010, 36(12):2135-2142.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.02135
[36] Ding C Q, You J, Chen L, et al. Nitrogen fertilizer increase spikelet number peer panicle by enhancing cytokinin synthesis in rice. Plant Cell Report, 2014, 33(2):363-371.
[37] 周群, 袁锐, 朱宽宇, 等. 不同施氮量下籼/粳杂交稻甬优2640产量和氮素吸收利用的特点. 作物学报, 2022, 48(9):2285-2299.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.12070
[38] 侯云鹏, 孔丽丽, 尹彩侠, 等. 覆膜滴灌下氮肥与种植密度互作对东北春玉米产量、群体养分吸收与运转的调控效应. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(1):54-65.
[39] 曹晓燕, 武爱莲, 王劲松, 等. 施氮量对高粱产量、品质及氮利用效率的影响. 作物杂志, 2021(2):108-115.
[40] 王劲松, 董二伟, 武爱莲, 等. 不同肥力条件下施肥对粒用高粱产量、品质及养分吸收利用的影响. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(22):4166-4176.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.020
[41] Ning P, Li S, Yu P, et al. Post-silking accumulation and partitioning of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in maize varieties differing in leaf longevity. Field Crops Research, 2013, 144:19-27.
doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.01.020
[42] 董二伟, 王劲松, 武爱莲, 等. 行距和密度对高粱籽粒灌浆、淀粉及氮磷钾累积特征的影响. 作物学报, 2021, 47(12):2459-2470.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04252
[43] Peng Y F, Yu P, Zhang Y, et al. Temporal and spatial dynamics in root length density of field-grown maize and NPK in the soil profile. Field Crops Research, 2012, 131:9-16.
doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2012.03.003
[44] Hou S Y, Man X X, Lian B Y, et al. Folate metabolic profiling and expression of folate metabolism-related genes during panicle development in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2021, 102(1):268-279.
doi: 10.1002/jsfa.v102.1
[45] Lian T, Guo W Z, Chen M R, et al. Genome-wide identification and transcriptional analysis of folate metabolism-related genes in maize kernels. BMC Plant Biology, 2015, 15:204.
doi: 10.1186/s12870-015-0578-2 pmid: 26283542
[46] Hu H L, Zhao H H, Zhang L G, et al. The application of 1- methylcyclopropene preserves the postharvest quality of cabbage by inhibiting ethylene production, delaying chlorophyll breakdown and increasing antioxidant capacity. Scientia Horticulture, 2021, 281:109986.
doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109986
[47] 姜凌, 张春义. 作物叶酸生物强化. 生命科学, 2015, 27(8):1055-1060.
[48] Edelmann M, Kariluoto S, Nystrom L, et al. Folate in oats and its milling fractions. Food Chemistry, 2012, 135(3):1938-1947.
doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.06.064 pmid: 22953943
[49] Gorelova V, Bastien O, Clerck O D, et al. Evolution of folate biosynthesis and metabolism across algae and land plant lineages. Scientific Reports, 2019, 9(1):5731.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42146-5 pmid: 30952916
[50] Shimelis E A, Meaza M, Rakshit S K. Physico-chemical properties, pasting behavior and functional characteristics of flours and starches from improved bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties grown in East Africa. Agrical Engineering International,Agricultural Engineering International, 2006, 8:015.
[51] Zhu D W, Zhang H C, Guo B W, et al. Effect of nitrogen management on the structure and physicochemical properties of rice starch. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016, 64(42):8019-8025.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03173 pmid: 27715058
[52] Gao L C, Xia M J, Wan C X, et al. Analysis of synthesis,accumulation and physicochemical properties of Tartary buckwheat starches affected by nitrogen fertilizer. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2021, 273:118570.
doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118570
[53] Kong X L, Zhu P, Sui Z Q, et al. Physicochemical properties of starches from diverse rice cultivars varying in apparent amylose content and gelatinisation temperature combinations. Food Chemistry, 2015, 172(1):433-440.
doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.085
[54] Du S K, Jiang H X, Ai Y F, et al. Physicochemical properties and digestibility of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) starches. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2014, 108:200-205.
doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.004
[55] 宋霄君, 张敏, 武雪萍, 等. 干旱胁迫对小麦不同品种胚乳淀粉结构和理化特性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(2):260-271.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.02.006
[56] 王强生, 郑文, 樊高琼, 等. 生态条件与氮肥运筹对四川小麦淀粉RVA谱特征参数的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2016, 36(1):86-92.
[57] Martin M, Fitzgerald M A. Proteins in rice grains influence cooking properties. Journal of Cereal Science, 2002, 36(3):285-294.
doi: 10.1006/jcrs.2001.0465
[58] 杨宁, 赵护兵, 王朝, 等. 豆科作物-小麦轮作方式下旱地小麦花后干物质及养分累积、转移与产量的关系. 生态学报, 2012, 32(15):4827-4835.
[59] Giordano D, Reyneri A, Blandino M. Folate distribution in bution in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum durum Desf.) pearled fractions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2016, 96(5):1709-1715.
doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7276 pmid: 26018777
[1] Liu Zhewen, Guo Dandan, Chang Xuhong, Wang Demei, Wang Yanjie, Yang Yushuang, Liu Xiwei, Wang Yujiao, Shi Shubing, Zhao Guangcai. Response of Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation after Anthesis in Strong Gluten Wheat to Nitrogen Topdressing Period and Proportion [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 114-120.
[2] Xiu Junjie, Liu Xueliang. Effects of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on Physiological Characteristics and Growth of Peanut during the Pod-Pin Stage [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 174-180.
[3] Dong Haosheng, Wang Qi, Yan Peng, Xu Yanli, Zhang Wei, Lu Lin, Dong Zhiqiang. Effects of ECK on the Lodging Resistance and Yield of Foxtail Millet Stem [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 181-189.
[4] Zhao Lijie, Zhao Haiyan, Han Genlan, Wang Jiang, Nie Mengʼen, Du Huiling, Yuan Xiangyang, Dong Shuqi. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Quality of Millet [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 224-232.
[5] Wu Sheng, Duan Yu, Zhang Tingting, An Hao, Zhang Jun, Liang Junmei, Zhang Sheng. Relationships between Dry Matter Accumulation, Transport and Yield of Confectionary Sunflower and Response to Water and Nitrogen Interactions [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 243-251.
[6] Zhang Fuyao, Ping Jun’ai, Jiao Xiaoyan. Research Status and Prospects of Barren Tolerance and Nutrient Efficient Utilization in Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(6): 26-34.
[7] Liu Yan, Qu Hang, Xing Yuehua, Wang Xiaohui, Gong Liang. Effects of New Types of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rice Growth, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Economic Benefit [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(5): 110-116.
[8] Wang Yifan, Ren Ning, Dong Xiangyang, Zhao Yanan, Ye Youliang, Wang Yang, Huang Yufang. Effects of Controlled-Release and Ordinary Urea on Wheat Yield, Nitrogen Absorption and Economic Benefit [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(5): 117-123.
[9] Liu Qiuyuan, Li Meng, Gao Yangguang, Shi Mengyu, Wei Yunfei, Ji Xin, Li Li, Liu Yali, Wang Fujuan. Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilization Patterns on Yield and Quality of Conventional Japonica Rice under Reduced Nitrogen [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(5): 131-137.
[10] Hu Rui, Hu Xiangyu, Fu Youqiang, Ye Qunhuan, Pan Junfeng, Liang Kaiming, Li Meijuan, Liu Yanzhuo, Zhong Xuhua. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Rice Root Growth and Development and Its Relationships with Nitrogen Fertilizer Uptake and Utilization [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(5): 179-186.
[11] Guan Qinglin, Piao Shengyuan, Zhang Siwei, Wang Jun, Lei Yunkang, Zhong Qiu, Zhao Mingqin. Effects of Combined Application of Medium-Trace Elements on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism, Yield and Quality of Cigar Tobacco [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(5): 187-196.
[12] Zhang Mingwei, Ding Jinfeng, Zhu Xinkai, Guo Wenshan. Analysis of High-Yielding Planting Density and Nitrogen Application in Super-Late Sowing Wheat Following Rice [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 126-135.
[13] Chen Yue, Gong Liang, Jin Dandan, Zhang Xin, Li Bo, Zou Xiaojin, Sui Shijiang, Ye Xin, Liu Yan. Annual Variation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Threshold for Optimal Yield of Northern Japonica Rice and Its Influencing Factors Analysis [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 144-151.
[14] Zhao Haiyan, Zhao Lijie, Han Genlan, Wang Jiang, Wang Zijian, Nie Meng’en, Du Huiling, Yuan Xiangyang, Dong Shuqi. Effects of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on Root Morphology and Zinc Content in Foxtail Millet [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 152-158.
[15] Hu Xinyuan, Liu Yongqiang, Xie Kuizhong, Sun Xiaohua, Luo Aihua. Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Physical Chemistry Properties and Potato Quality under Continuous Cropping in Arid Area [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 159-164.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!