Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 85-90.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.03.016

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Effects of Water on Yield and Nutrients Uptake of Potato in Yinshan Mountain Arid Area

Jin Meng1,Wei Hong2,Yang Yunbo3,Lü Lehui1,Zhang Hui3,Bai Yan3,Sun Jiayi3   

  1. 1 The Station of Soil Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture in Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China
    2 Wuchuan County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Wuchuan 011700,Inner Mongolia,China
    3 Inner Mongolia Information Center of Agriculture and Husbandry,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2017-03-07 Revised:2017-04-17 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Yunbo Yang

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Abstract:

Potato is the major food crop in arid area. The lack of water resources is the main factor restricting the high yield of potato. In order to explore the efficient irrigation method in arid area of potato growth, through field experiments, we studied the effect of different irrigation time and irrigation amount on potato yield and nutrient uptake. The results showed that the best irrigation amount is 2 250m 3/hm 2 and it should be divided into 10 intervals to significantly increase crop yields and nutrients uptake. The result is of great importance to water and fertilizer efficiency in arid area.

Key words: Potato, Arid area, Irrigation, Yield, Nutrient uptake

Table 1

Soil nutrient content"

养分
Nutrient		 乡镇Township 平均值
Average		 变幅
Amplitude		 标准差
Standard
deviation
有机质 哈乐镇Hale town 19.4 7.8~39.8 4.5
Organic matter 可镇Ke town 18.6 7.1~42.4 4.9
(g/kg) 上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 19.3 6.6~40.3 5.2
平均Average 19.1 6.6~42.4 4.9
全氮 哈乐镇Hale town 1.05 0.46~2.15 0.24
Total N 可镇Ke town 1.12 0.33~2.57 0.30
(g/kg) 上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 1.02 0.31~2.32 0.29
平均Average 1.06 0.31~2.57 0.28
有效磷 哈乐镇Hale town 16.9 4.4~47.4 5.3
Available P 可镇Ke town 15.8 3.3~47.0 4.8
(mg/kg) 上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 15.1 3.2~43.9 4.4
平均Average 15.9 3.0~47.0 4.8
速效钾 哈乐镇Hale town 106 2.9~410.0 41
Available K 可镇Ke town 108 2.9~380.0 47
(mg/kg) 上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 100 2.9~409.0 46
平均Average 105 2.9~410.0 45

Table 2

Effects of different irrigation times on yield"

试验地点Site 试验数
Experiment times		 灌溉次数
Irrigation times		 产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 比灌溉6次(CK)Than 6 times irrigation
增产Yield increase (kg/hm2) 增产率Increasing rate (%)
可镇Ke town 12 6 48 270.0 - -
8 57 030.0 8 760.0 18.1
10 60 885.0 12 615.0 26.1
12 50 910.0 2 640.0 5.5
上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 12 6 46 425.0 - -
8 52 425.0 6 000.0 12.9
10 52 065.0 5 640.0 12.1
12 44 445.0 -1 980.0 -4.3
哈乐镇Hale town 12 6 50 925.0 - -
8 56 925.0 6 000.0 11.8
10 56 565.0 4 140.0 11.0
12 50 445.0 -480.0 -0.9
平均Average 36 6 48 540.0c - -
8 55 460.0a 6 920.0 14.3
10 56 505.0a 7 965.0 16.4
12 48 600.0c 60.0 0.1

Table 3

Effects of different irrigation times on plant nutrient accumulation"

试验地点
Site		 试验数
Experiment
times		 灌溉次数
Irrigation
times		 养分吸收量(g/株)
Nutrient uptake rate
N P2O5 K2O
可镇Ke town 12 6 5.46 1.34 6.81
8 5.68 1.55 7.11
10 5.71 1.59 7.06
12 5.70 1.65 7.43
上秃亥乡 12 6 4.68 1.25 5.63
Shangtuhai town 8 4.73 1.35 5.89
10 5.39 1.57 6.75
12 5.81 1.60 6.88
哈乐镇 12 6 4.62 1.36 5.95
Hale town 8 4.84 1.38 6.05
10 5.16 1.41 6.28
12 5.61 1.40 6.55
平均Average 36 6 4.92 1.32 6.13
8 5.08 1.43 6.35
10 5.42 1.52 6.70
12 5.71 1.55 6.95

Table 4

Effects of different irrigation times on fertilizer use efficiency"

试验地点
Site		 试验数
Experiment times		 灌溉次数
Irrigation times		 肥料利用率(%)
Fertilizer use efficiency		 比灌溉6次(CK)增加(百分点)
Increase than 6 times irrigation
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
可镇Ke town 12 6 18.9 14.1 37.2 - - -
8 22.3 16.8 39.6 3.4 2.7 2.4
10 24.8 16.2 41.9 5.9 2.1 4.7
12 20.3 10.6 35.6 1.4 -3.5 -1.6
上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 12 6 17.9 10.1 30.2 - - -
8 19.3 12.8 36.4 1.4 2.7 6.2
10 21.8 14.2 38.5 3.9 4.1 8.3
12 17.3 9.6 28.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.6
哈乐镇Hale town 12 6 16.9 11.1 33.2 - - -
8 21.3 13.8 37.4 4.4 2.7 4.2
10 22.8 15.3 36.5 5.9 4.2 3.3
12 17.3 10.6 31.6 0.4 -0.5 -1.6
平均Average 36 6 17.9 11.8 33.5 - - -
8 21.0 14.5 37.8 3.1 2.7 4.3
10 23.1 15.2 39.0 5.2 3.5 5.4
12 18.3 10.3 31.9 0.4 -1.5 -1.6

Table 5

Effects of different irrigation amount on yield"

试验地点
Site		 试验数
Experiment times		 灌溉量(m3/hm2)
Total irrigation		 产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 比旱作Than dry farming
增产(kg/hm2)
Yield increase		 增产率(%)
Increasing rate
可镇Ke town 12 1 350 42 795.0 24 795.0 137.8
1 800 52 455.0 34 455.0 191.4
2 250 56 925.0 38 925.0 216.3
2 700 55 035.0 37 035.0 205.8
上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 12 1 350 41 250.0 24 375.0 144.4
1 800 49 455.0 32 580.0 193.1
2 250 54 420.0 37 545.0 222.5
2 700 52 725.0 35 850.0 212.4
哈乐镇Hale town 12 1 350 39 540.0 24 105.0 156.2
1 800 45 840.0 30 405.0 197.0
2 250 53 955.0 38 520.0 249.6
2 700 54 390.0 38 955.0 252.4
平均Average 36 1 350 41 195.0c 24 425.0 146.1
1 800 49 250.0b 32 480.0 193.8
2 250 55 100.0a 38 330.0 229.4
2 700 54 050.0a 37 280.0 223.5

Table 6

Effects of different irrigation amount on plant nutrient accumulation"

试验地点
Site		 试验数
Experiment times		 灌溉量(m3/hm2)
Total irrigation		 养分吸收量Nutrient uptake (g/株)
N P2O5 K2O
可镇Ke town 12 1 350 5.97 1.63 7.26
1 800 6.23 1.61 7.79
2 250 6.35 1.75 7.96
2 700 6.09 1.70 7.85
上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 12 1 350 5.39 1.57 6.75
1 800 5.61 1.62 6.98
2 250 6.02 1.69 7.52
2 700 5.96 1.65 7.54
哈乐镇Hale town 12 1 350 5.06 1.53 6.37
1 800 5.52 1.62 6.65
2 250 5.86 1.65 6.88
2 700 5.82 1.57 6.92
平均Average 36 1 350 5.47 1.58 6.79
1 800 5.79 1.62 7.14
2 250 6.08 1.70 7.45
2 700 5.96 1.64 7.44

Table 7

Effects of different irrigation amount on fertilizer use efficiency"

试验地点
Site		 试验数Experiment times 灌溉量(m3/hm2)
Total irrigation		 肥料利用率(%)
Fertilizer use efficiency		 比灌溉1 350m3/hm2增加(百分点)
Increase than 1 350m3/hm2 treatment
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
可镇Ke town 12 1 350 20.7 12.6 38.6 - - -
1 800 23.3 13.8 39.6 2.5 1.2 1.0
2 250 25.1 14.2 41.9 4.4 1.6 3.3
2 700 22.7 12.9 39.4 2.0 0.3 0.8
上秃亥乡Shangtuhai town 12 1 350 21.8 14.2 38.5 - - -
1 800 22.3 14.8 38.6 0.5 0.6 0.1
2 250 24.5 16.2 40.3 2.7 2.0 1.8
2 700 21.9 14.3 37.3 0.1 0.1 -1.2
哈乐镇Hale town 12 1 350 19.5 11.3 33.5 - - -
1 800 21.3 12.4 34.6 1.8 1.1 1.1
2 250 22.6 13.5 36.7 2.1 2.2 3.2
2 700 20.8 11.9 33.9 1.3 0.6 0.4
平均Average 36 1 350 20.7 12.7 36.9 - - -
1 800 22.3 13.7 37.6 1.6 1.0 0.7
2 250 24.1 14.6 39.6 3.1 1.9 2.8
2 700 21.8 13.0 36.9 1.1 0.3 0.0
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