Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 143-148.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.04.024

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Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province

Shang Na,Yang Zhongxu,Li Qiuzhi,Yin Huihui,Wang Shihong,Li Haitao,Li Tong,Zhang Han   

  1. Liaocheng Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2017-10-20 Revised:2018-05-10 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-23

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of plant density on yield and fiber quality of cotton with vegetative branches with conventional cotton Liaomian 6, field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at Liaocheng experimental station, Shandong Province. The results indicated that: 1) The leaf area index increased with the increase of density, and high density (90 000 plants/hm 2) could cause serious concealment in the field. 2) The yield of low density (30 000 plants/hm 2) was the highest among the desity from 30 000 to 90 000 plants/hm 2, and the contribution rate of vegetative branches to cotton yield decreased with the increase of density. 3) The weight of the boll and the micronaire value decreased significantly with the increase of density. Nevertheless, there was no significant differences in lint percentage and other fiber quality indexes. It was concluded that 30 000 plants/hm 2 was appropriate for the cultivation of cotton with vegetative branches in the Western of Shandong Province, but it was necessary to avoid excessive vegetative growth in rainy year.

Key words: Liaomian 6, Maintenance of vegetative branches, Plant density, Yield, Fiber quality, Dry matter accumulation

Table 1

Monthly mean temperature, precipitation and sun shine during experiment period"

时间Time 降水量Precipitation (mm) 气温Temperature (℃) 日照Sun shine (h)
2015 2016 常年Perennial 2015 2016 常年Perennial 2015 2016 常年Perennial
4月上Early April 34.0 0.0 3.9 8.4 14.8 12.9 31.9 - 78.5
4月中Mid April 18.5 7.6 14.4 13.7 15.9 14.7 70.1 - 82.7
4月下Late April 2.3 0.0 10.4 19.0 18.4 16.7 68.8 - 81.5
5月上Early May 37.1 19.9 20.1 17.4 18.6 18.7 35.6 65.4 81.3
5月中Mid May 9.0 13.5 18.4 20.2 18.3 19.7 80.3 84.4 83.7
5月下Late May 0.1 1.2 16.3 21.8 20.5 22.1 97.6 61.4 93.1
6月上Early June 0.0 4.9 15.1 25.7 22.8 24.0 88.6 59.7 81.8
6月中Mid June 0.7 85.0 16.6 25.5 26.2 25.8 98.6 97.0 79.0
6月下Late June 49.6 60.9 36.2 24.0 26.4 26.3 45.6 87.9 75.8
7月上Early July 1.3 1.0 54.7 26.5 26.3 26.8 67.1 45.3 69.4
7月中Mid July 31.0 152.9 50.7 26.6 25.3 26.7 32.4 20.8 63.0
7月下Late July 26.5 23.7 52.5 27.6 28.9 27.1 76.2 75.2 69.1
8月上Early August 69.1 48.1 47.0 26.5 26.5 26.8 62.6 22.8 66.8
8月中Mid August 25.9 71.5 40.0 25.6 26.6 25.5 83.8 35.2 67.4
8月下Late August 25.9 27.3 34.5 22.9 23.5 24.2 83.1 106.8 71.8
9月上Early September 8.4 5.6 22.6 21.7 23.0 23.9 54.8 78.7 66.2
9月中Mid September 3.4 0.0 20.2 19.2 21.6 20.8 89.2 81.6 68.9
9月下Late September 0.0 13.0 12.3 20.7 20.0 18.9 54.9 58.2 67.2
10月上Early October 6.4 7.2 10.8 16.9 18.4 17.0 77.1 63.3 62.4
10月中Mid October 0.0 9.1 16.0 16.4 16.5 14.8 73.0 47.0 61.7
10月下Late October 0.5 18.3 6.2 11.4 10.9 12.4 42.8 27.8 70.2

Fig.1

Effects of different density on LAI of cotton with vegetative branches（2015） Different lowercase letters represent significant difference between treatments (P<0.05)"

Fig.2

Effects of different density on LAI of cotton with vegetative branches（2016）"

Fig.3

Effects of different density on The leaf area ratio of vegetative branches (LARVB) of cotton with vegetative branches(2015)"

Fig.4

Effects of different density on The leaf area ratio of vegetative branches (LARVB) of cotton with vegetative branches(2016)"

Fig.5

Effects of different density on dry mass accumulation (DMA), cotton boll dry mass ratio (CBDMR) and vegetative branches boll dry mass ratio (VBBDMR) of cotton with vegetative branches (2016)"

Table 2

Effects of different density on unginned cotton yield and contribution rate of fruit branches, vegetative branches to total yield of cotton with vegetative branches"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 子棉产量
(kg/hm2)
Unginned
cotton yield		 子棉产量贡献率(%)
Yield contribution rate
of unginned cotton
果枝
Fruit branch		 叶枝
Vegetative branch
2015 PD3.0 10 736.0a 75.26b 24.74a
PD6.0 10 255.0b 83.44a 16.56b
PD9.0 9 535.3c 88.12a 11.88b
2016 PD3.0 7 185.1a 81.16c 18.84a
PD6.0 6 864.9b 87.84b 12.16b
PD9.0 6 536.0b 93.59a 6.41c

Table 3

Effects of different density on boll numbers,boll weight and lint percentage of cotton with vegetative branches"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 铃数Bolls (number/m2) 铃重Boll weight (g) 棉衣分Lint percentage (%)
整株
Whole
plant		 果枝
Fruit
branch		 叶枝
Vegetative
branch		 整株
Whole
plant		 果枝
Fruit
branch		 叶枝
Vegetative
branch		 整株
Whole
plant		 果枝
Fruit
branch		 叶枝
Vegetative
branch
2015 PD3.0 106.1a 79.2b 26.9a 7.57a 7.80a 6.93a 45.5a 45.5a 45.4a
PD6.0 102.5ab 83.9ab 18.6ab 7.03ab 7.17ab 6.37ab 44.8a 45.7a 44.6a
PD9.0 98.4b 85.1a 13.3b 6.80b 6.90b 6.07b 45.6a 45.7a 45.5a
2016 PD3.0 86.4a 69.7b 16.7a 6.37a 6.57a 5.40a 42.2a 42.3a 42.1a
PD6.0 84.2ab 72.9ab 11.3ab 5.83ab 5.87b 5.11a 43.3a 43.4a 42.5a
PD9.0 80.8b 73.9a 6.9b 5.80b 5.83b 4.63b 42.4a 42.4a 41.8a

Table 4

Effects of different density on fiber quality of cotton with vegetative branches"

年份
Year		 部位Position 处理
Treatment		 上半部平均长度
UHML (mm)		 整齐度指数
UNI (%)		 断裂比强度
STR (cN/tex)		 马克隆值
MIC		 伸长率
ELG (%)
2015 叶枝Vegetative branch PD3.0 29.90a 82.97a 29.23a 5.12a 6.77a
PD6.0 29.33a 82.30a 30.00a 4.93ab 6.73a
PD9.0 29.40a 81.10a 28.93a 4.90b 6.70a
果枝Fruit branch PD3.0 29.97a 82.80a 31.73a 5.37a 6.87a
PD6.0 30.20a 84.03a 31.00a 5.23ab 6.83a
PD9.0 29.83a 82.27a 31.37a 5.13b 6.83a
2016 叶枝Vegetative branch PD3.0 29.50a 84.27a 25.80a 4.60a 6.07a
PD6.0 29.50a 85.10a 25.60a 4.33b 5.90a
PD9.0 29.43a 83.77a 25.57a 3.87c 6.20a
果枝Fruit branch PD3.0 29.87a 86.10a 28.00a 4.97a 5.80a
PD6.0 29.17a 85.40a 27.27a 4.93a 6.33a
PD9.0 29.70a 84.83a 27.37a 4.63b 6.00a
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