水稻白叶枯病抗性基因的研究及应用进展

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Rice is one of the most important food crops. Rice bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the oldest and most serious bacterial diseases that endangers the safe production of rice. The Xoo, which has the characteristics of strong mutability, rapid spread and wide distribution. It is an effective way to control bacterial blight by discovering and identifying resistance genes and breeding resistant varieties with them. Up to now, 49 resistance genes related to rice bacterial blight have been identified, among which 42 resistance genes have been located, including 28 dominant genes and 14 recessive genes. 17 resistance genes have been successfully cloned. The expression of resistance genes or interactions between resistance genes and proteins expressed by pathogen is the key to induce resistance. In this paper, the research and breeding application progress of rice bacterial blight resistance genes were reviewed and prospects. The aim of this paper is to provide valuable information for the further study and molecular breeding of rice bacterial blight.

Key words: Rice, Bacterial blight, Resistance gene, Molecular breeding

Chen Luo, Zhu Wen, Li Wenhui, Zhao Junliang, Zhou Lingyan, Yang Wu. Advances in Research and Application of Rice Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes[J].Crops, 2024, 40(3): 1-7.

Figures/Tables 2

Table 1

The cloned and functionally studied resistance genes to bacterial blight"

基因 Gene	显/隐性 Dominance(+)/recessive(-)	染色体 Chromosome	基因座 Gene locus	功能特点 Function characteristic	参考文献 Reference
Xa1	+	4	LOC_Os04g53120	Xa1是NBS-LRR类成员，在病原体和伤口接种下被诱导表达	[6]
Xa2	+	4	LOC_Os04g53120	Xa2、Xa14、Xa31(t)、Xa45(t)均是Xa1的等位基因，能被任一典型结构的TALE激活抗性（ETI）并被iTALE所抑制（ETS）	[5]
Xa14	+	4	LOC_Os04g53120
Xa31(t)	+	4	LOC_Os04g53120
Xa45(t)	+	4	LOC_Os04g53120
Xa3/Xa26	+	11	LOC_Os11g47000	Xa3/Xa26是组成型表达基因，编码LRR受体激酶蛋白，抗病Xa3/Xa26和感病xa3/xa26蛋白序列的差异导致了抗性的差异	[7]
Xa4	+	11	LOC_Os11g47140	Xa4编码细胞壁相关激酶，通过加强细胞壁增加机械强度并降低植株高度	[8]
xa5	-	5	LOC_Os05g01710	xa5编码一个真核生物转录因子ⅡA伽马亚基（TFⅡAγ），抗病xa5与感病Xa5的蛋白序列存在1个氨基酸变异是导致抗性差异的原因	[9]
Xa7	+	6	日本晴中缺失该基因位点，镇恢084的6号染色体上M10标记左侧28 kb内的G1基因即Xa7	Xa7受AvrXa7和PthXo3效应子诱导表达，进而产生抗性	[10]
Xa10	+	11	LOC_Os11g37570	Xa10启动子区域含有特异激活Xa10表达的AvrXa10结合元件，Xa10表达导致细胞程序性死亡	[11]
xa13	-	8	LOC_Os08g42350	隐性xa13的启动子突变导致宿主与病原体相互作用时该基因表达下调，进而产生抗性	[12]
Xa21	+	11	LOC_Os11g35500	Xa21编码类受体激酶蛋白，与激活因子AvrXa21共同调控白叶枯病的抗性	[13]
Xa23	+	11	LOC_Os11g37620	Xa23启动子区含有AvrXa23结合元件，能够特异激活Xa23的表达，进而引发超敏反应	[14]
xa25	-	12	LOC_Os12g29220	xa25编码MtN3/saliva家族的一员，对菲律宾小种PXO339表现专抗	[15]
Xa27	+	6	LOC_Os06g39810	Xa27表达依赖于携带avrXa27的病菌侵染	[16]
xa41(t)	-	11	LOC_Os11g31190	xa41(t)启动子区18个碱基的缺失与抗性密切相关	[17]
Xa47(t)a	+	11	LOC_Os11g46200	Xa47(t)a是Xa47(t)的A基因型，编码NLR类蛋白，受病原菌诱导表达	[18]

Table 1

Table 2

References 56

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基因 Gene	显/隐性 Dominance(+)/recessive(-)	染色体 Chromosome	连锁标记或位置 Linked marker or position	候选基因 Candidate gene	参考文献 Reference
xa8	-	7	RM21044 (7.0 cM), RM21045 (9.9 cM)	LOC_Os07g07400, LOC_Os07g07410, LOC_Os07g07420	[23]
Xa11	+	3	RM347 (2.0 cM), KUX11 (1.0 cM)	9个BAC克隆	[24]
Xa12	+	4			[25]
xa19	-	7	RM8262-RM6728 (0.8 cM)		[26]
xa20	-	3	KIC3-33.88 (33.0 Mb), KIC3-34.06 (33.2 Mb)	34个基因	[27]
Xa22(t)	+	11	R1506-M3H8 (100 kb)		[28]
xa24(t)	-	2	RM14222-RM14226 (0.07 cM)	16个基因	[29]
Xa25(t)	+	12	NBS109 (2.5 cM), G1314 (7.3 cM)		[30]
Xa29(t)	+	1	C904-R596 (1.3 cM)		[31]
Xa30(t)	+	11	RM1341 (11.4 cM)		[32]
Xa32(t)	+	11	ZCK24 (0.5 cM), RM6293 (1.5 cM)		[33]
xa32(t)	-	12	RM20A (1.7 cM)		[34]
Xa33	+	7	RMWR7.1 (0.9 cM), RMWR7.6 (1.2 cM)	8个基因	[35]
xa33(t)	-	6	RM20593		[36]
xa34(t)	-	1	RM10929-BGID25 (204 kb)	21个开放阅读框	[37]
Xa35(t)	+	11	RM7654 (1.1 cM), RM6293 ( 0.7 cM)		[38]
Xa36(t)	+	11	RM224-RM2136 (4.5 cM)		[39]
Xa38	+	4	Oso4g53050-1	LOC_Os04g53030, LOC_Os04g53050, LOC_Os04g53060	[40]
Xa39	+	11	RM26985-DM13 (0.51 cM)	LOC_Os11g37759	[41]
Xa40	+	11	RM27320-ID55.WA18-5 (80 kb)	LOC_Os11g46900	[42]
xa42	-	3	KGC3_16.342-KGC3_16.399 (57 kb)	LOC_Os03g28389, LOC_Os03g28400, LOC_Os03g28420, LOC_Os03g28410, LOC_Os03g28910	[43]
Xa43(t)	+	11	IBb27os11_14-S_BB11.ssr_9 (119 kb)	LOC_Os11g46060, LOC_Os11g46100	[19]
xa44(t)	-	11	#46. Os11g0689400-#5. RM27318 (120 kb)	Os11g0690066, Os11g0690466	[20]
xa-45(t)	-	8	IRGSP-1.0 (80 kb)	9个基因	[21]
Xa46(t)	+	11	RM26981-RM26984 (65.34 kb)	LOC_Os11g37540, LOC_Os11g37550	[22]

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