Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 75-80.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.05.013

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Effects of Combined Application of N and P Fertilizers on the Yield and Quality of Oat-Pea Mixture in Agricultural Areas of River Valleys in Tibet

Yang Wencai,La Ba,Wei wei   

  1. Institute of Grassland Farming,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850009,Tibet,China
  • Received:2016-07-25 Revised:2016-08-29 Online:2016-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Ba La

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Abstract:

To explore the N and P fertilizers demand and its impact on yield and quality of Avena safiva and Vicia sativa (oat-pea) mixed cultivation, the experiment conducted in agricultural areas of river valleys in Tibet with the altitude of 4 300m. The results indicated: The optimal harvest time was milky maturity stage of oat and pod filling stage of pea, then the mixture forage yield was the highest, the nitrogen and phosphorus yield, and relative feed value were relatively high, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) and Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were relatively low. N, P fertilizer and their interaction significantly affected the oat-pea mixture yield, plant height and nutrient content; In the same P level, hay yield, plant height and crude protein appeared a trend of first increase and then decrease along with N increasing; crude fat, ADF and NDF contents in forage decreased significantly when nitrogen fertilizer increased. In the same N level, crude protein, crude fat, ADF contents increased along with P increasing, while NDF decreased gradually. The yield of hay under mixed treatment of N(pure N) 140kg/hm 2, P(P2O5) 60kg/hm 2 was 16 636kg/hm 2, increasing 60.74% compared with treatment with no fertilizer, crude fat content reached the highest of 18.42%. To be concluded: N 140kg/hm 2, P(P2O5) 60kg/hm 2 are the optimal fertilizer rate of oat-pea mixed cultivation in this area.

Key words: Oat, Vicia sativa, Mix-sowing, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Yield, Quality, Tibet

Table 1

Soil physical and chemical properties of experimental field"

全氮(g/kg)
Total nitrogen		 碱解氮(mg/kg)
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen		 全磷(g/kg)
Total phosphorus		 速效磷(mg/kg)
Available phosphorus		 全钾(g/kg)
Total potassium		 速效钾(mg/kg)
Available potassium		 pH 有机质(g/kg)
Soil organic matter
2.1 216.0 0.09 32.4 23.4 124.0 7.7 47.2

Table 2

Experiment design of combined application of N and P fertilizer kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 氮肥
N rate		 磷肥
P2O5rate		 处理
Treatment		 氮肥
N rate		 磷肥
P2O5rate
N0P0 0 0 N2P0 140 0
N0P1 0 30 N2P1 140 30
N0P2 0 60 N2P2 140 60
N0P3 0 90 N2P3 140 90
N1P0 70 0 N3P0 210 0
N1P1 70 30 N3P1 210 30
N1P2 70 60 N3P2 210 60
N1P3 70 90 N3P3 210 90

Table 3

Effects of N and P fertilizer on oats-vetch mixture sowing plant height"

处理Treatment P0 P1 P2 P3 平均值Mean
乳熟期燕麦平均株高（cm）Mean plant height of milk-ripe stage
N0 120.2±9.4Bb 125.5±9.6Ab 134.1±9.3Aa 130.2±6.7Ac 128.5
N1 130.5±8.4ABb 134.3±9.3Aa 137.3±9.8Ab 134.5±6.9Ab 134.2
N2 142.6±7.9Aa 143.9±13.3Aa 145.2±11.1Aa 144.9±9.4Aa 144.2
N3 142.0±7.2Aa 136.4±8.2Aa 140.3±4.3Aab 138.3±9.0Aab 139.3
平均值Mean 134.8 135.0 139.2 137.0
结荚期箭筈豌豆平均株高（cm）Mean plant height of pod bearing stage
N0 96.9±10.6Bb 113.1±6.2Aa 111.7±7.8Aa 97.3±8.1Bb 104.8
N1 108.0±11.0ABa 116.8±8.5Aa 118.1±10.4Aa 98.2±8.9Bb 110.3
N2 107.4±9.1ABa 118.7±7.5Aa 119.6±10.0Aa 103.8±9.6Bab 112.4
N3 104.2±10.5Aa 112.9±7.0Aa 114.8±8.0Aa 110.0±9.1Aa 110.5
平均值Mean 104.1 115.4 116.1 102.3

Fig.1

Effects of N and P fertilize on mixed seeding yieldDifferent capital letters represent significant difference at 0.05 level"

Table 4

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus proportions to mixed sowing pasture's main nutrients"

处理Treatment P0 P1 P2 P3 平均值Mean
粗蛋白质Crude protein (%)
N0 12.16±0.48Bd 12.99±0.30Ac 13.29±0.37Ac 13.31±0.22Bb 12.81
N1 14.67±0.21Bc 14.78±0.32Bb 14.97±0.26ABbc 15.32±0.21Aab 14.81
N2 16.58±0.29Ba 17.93±0.33Aa 18.42±0.34Aa 15.60±0.40Ca 17.64
N3 15.13±0.40Ab 15.38±0.37Ab 15.86±0.25Ab 15.51±0.53Aa 15.46
平均值Mean 14.63 15.27 15.64 14.93
粗脂肪Crude fat (%)
N0 2.53±0.17Ba 2.66±0.10Ba 3.13±0.23Aa 3.22±0.25Aa 2.77
N1 2.32±0.22Ba 2.44±0.33ABb 2.49±0.11ABb 2.53±0.22Ab 2.42
N2 1.97±0.09Bb 1.97±0.31Bbc 2.06±0.19Ab 2.09±0.41Ac 2.00
N3 1.58±0.22Cc 1.69±0.37Bc 1.85±0.36Ac 1.92±0.21Ad 1.71
平均值Mean 2.10 2.19 2.38 2.44
ADF Acid detergent fiber (%)
N0 42.28±2.73Aa 42.31±2.92Aa 42.50±3.54Aa 42.63±2.09Aa 42.36
N1 41.05±2.72Bab 41.51±2.92ABb 41.67±2.90Aab 41.84±2.27Aa 41.41
N2 39.70±1.48Bb 40.75±2.94Abc 40.78±2.26Abc 40.85±2.09Aab 40.41
N3 36.30±2.54ABc 36.75±1.04ABc 37.08±1.87Ac 39.53±2.18Ac 36.71
平均值Mean 39.83 40.33 40.51 41.21
NDF Neutral detergent fiber (%)
N0 62.58±3.55ABa 62.70±2.94ABa 63.01±3.35Aa 63.36±2.08Aa 62.76
N1 62.47±2.85Aa 62.40±3.08Aa 62.33±2.95Aa 61.78±2.07Ab 62.40
N2 60.66±1.65Ab 59.75±1.85Ab 59.46±3.63Ab 59.30±3.68Ab 59.96
N3 57.65±2.00Ac 57.10±2.11Ac 54.37±1.37Bc 52.89±2.52Bc 56.37
平均值Mean 60.84 60.49 59.79 59.34
P (%)
N0 0.33±0.02Bd 0.35±0.04Ad 0.36±0.01Ad 0.38±0.02Acz 0.36
N1 0.40±0.02ABc 0.41±0.02Ac 0.43±0.02Ac 0.44±0.03Ab 0.42
N2 0.45±0.03Cb 0.50±0.02Bb 0.56±0.03Aa 0.58±0.05Aa 0.52
N3 0.51±0.02Aa 0.52±0.04a 0.52±0.03Ab 0.54±0.04Aa 0.51
平均值Mean 0.42 0.45 0.47 0.49 0.36

Table 5

ANOVA analysis of N,P and their interaction"

项目
Item		 干草产量
Hay yield		 粗蛋白质含量
Crude protein content		 粗脂肪含量
Crude fat content		 酸性洗涤纤维含量
Acid detergent fiber content		 中性洗涤纤维含量
Neutral detergent fiber content
N肥 15.40** 65.1761** 39.198** 17.324** 24.813**
P肥 0.25 0.459 0.568 8.115** 0.690
N×P 0.29 0.747 1.529 2.384* 2.506*
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