Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 81-87.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.02.014

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Effects of Nitrogen Topdressing at Jointing Stage on Yield and Profit of Main Varieties of Naked Oat (Avena nuda L.)

Zhang Bin,Ge Junyong,Yang Wanjun,Wang Xia,Tian Changye,Li Yunxia,Zuo Wenbo,Xu Min   

  1. Hebei Alphine Crop Research Institute/Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China
  • Received:2016-12-16 Revised:2017-01-24 Online:2017-04-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Junyong Ge

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Abstract:

It was analyzed that the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application at jointing stage on the production performance, agronomic traits and economic benefit of main varieties in northwest Hebei. The results showed that nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage to oat stalk production increased 10.95% (P<0.01), grain yield increased 11.41% (P<0.01), the spike number per unit area increased 17.54% (P<0.01), 1000-grain weight increased by 5.28% (P<0.05). After N application, stalk yield of all varieties was increased with Bayou 8 having the highest increase rate by 18.80%; grain yield was all increased except Bayou 6 with lodging,and Bayou 13 had the highest yield increase by 24.94%; the spike number per unit area was all increased and Bayou 18 had the largest increase by 27.52%; 1000-grain weight of Bayou 1, Bayou 6 and Bayou 8 decreased by 3.14%, 7.85% and 4.06%, respectively, but other varieties increased with the largest increase of Bayou 13 by 10.35%. In addition, the net benefits were all increased with average of net income between 623.68~1 392.97 yuan/hm 2 except Bayou 6. Bayou 18 and Jizhangyou 4 could be used as the varieties of grain and forage crop and potato irrigation circle. Bayou 13, Bayou 1, Bayou 8, Bayou 6, Bayou 3, and Bayou 9 were suitable for grain production.

Key words: Nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage, Naked oat, Main cultivars, Yield, Profit

Fig.1

Effective precipitation and average temperature during experiment period in 2015"

Table 1

Multiple comparison of naked oat stalk yield,grain yield and its component factors"

处理Treatment 秸草产量(kg/hm2)
Stalk yield		 子粒产量(kg/hm2)
Grain yield		 单位面积穗数(×106/hm2)
Spike number		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
主处理Main plot CK 12 765.30bB 2 681.43bB 2.28bB 24.25bA
NT 14 163.66aA 2 987.30aA 2.68aA 25.53aA
副处理Subplot 坝莜1号Bayou 1 13 359.73dCD 2 735.91cdC 2.52cC 23.80dDE
坝莜3号Bayou 3 13 875.30cC 2 702.70cdC 2.77bB 24.56cC
坝莜6号Bayou 6 11 046.38fF 2 786.87cC 2.15dD 22.96fF
坝莜8号Bayou 8 13 142.25dD 2 730.00cdC 2.46cC 25.15bB
坝莜9号Bayou 9 11 874.60eE 2 538.90eD 1.92eE 24.06dCD
坝莜13号Bayou 13 13 888.26cC 2 642.64deCD 2.54cC 25.40bB
坝莜18号Bayou 18 16 070.80aA 3 421.14aA 2.48cC 29.83aA
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 14 458.50bB 3 116.75bB 2.98aA 23.35eEF

Table 2

Stalk yield and grain yield of different varieties under nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage kg/hm2"

品种
Cultivar		 子粒产量Grain yield 秸草产量Stalk yield
CK NT 增产率Increase rate(%) CK NT 增产率Increase rate(%)
坝莜1号Bayou 1 2 544.36cCD 2 927.47cC 15.06 12 841.74cD 13 877.73dD 8.07
坝莜3号Bayou 3 2 536.17cCD 2 869.23cC 13.13 13 132.53cD 14 618.07bcBC 11.31
坝莜6号Bayou 6 3 080.35aA 2 493.40eE -19.05 10 258.65fG 11 834.10fF 15.36
坝莜8号Bayou 8 2 565.29cC 2 894.71cC 12.84 12 013.11dE 14 271.39cdCD 18.80
坝莜9号Bayou 9 2 384.20dDE 2 693.60dD 12.98 11 242.80eF 12 506.40eE 11.24
坝莜13号Bayou 13 2 349.62dE 2 935.66cC 24.94 13 582.08bB 14 194.44cdCD 4.51
坝莜18号Bayou 18 3 139.50aA 3 702.79aA 17.94 15 147.00aA 16 994.61aA 12.20
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 2 851.94bB 3 381.56bB 18.57 13 904.46bB 15 012.54bB 7.97

Table 3

Yield component factors of different varieties under nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage"

品种 Cultivar 单位面积穗数Spike number (×106/hm2) 千粒重1000-grain weight (g)
CK NT 增减率Fluctuate rate (%) CK NT 增减率Fluctuate rate (%)
坝莜1号Bayou 1 2.26cdC 2.78cC 23.01 24.18cB 23.42eE -3.14
坝莜3号Bayou 3 2.59bB 2.94bB 13.51 23.46dC 25.66cC 9.36
坝莜6号Bayou 6 2.02eD 2.28eE 12.87 22.34eD 20.59fF -7.85
坝莜8号Bayou 8 2.32cC 2.61dD 12.50 25.65bB 24.65cC -4.06
坝莜9号Bayou 9 1.79fE 2.06fF 15.08 23.42dC 24.70dD 5.47
坝莜13号Bayou 13 2.26cdC 2.81cBC 24.34 24.15cB 26.65bB 10.35
坝莜18号Bayou 18 2.18dC 2.78cC 27.52 29.37aA 30.29aA 3.11
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 2.81aA 3.16aA 12.46 22.43eD 24.28dD 8.26

Table 4

Multiple comparison of naked oat agronomic characters"

处理Treatment 株高(cm)
Plant height		 主穗长(cm)
Main panicle length		 空铃数
Sterile spikelet number		 主穗小穗数
Spikelet number
of main panicle		 主穗粒数
Grain number
of main panicle		 主穗粒重(g)
Grain weight of main panicle
主处理 CK 113.25bB 15.16bB 1.20aA 28.03bB 64.66bB 1.65bA
Main Plot NT 123.17aA 17.55aA 0.99aA 34.12aA 76.78aA 1.78aA
副处理 坝莜1号Bayou 1 118.75eD 12.98fF 0.62efDE 26.52eE 58.37eE 1.47eE
Subplot 坝莜3号Bayou 3 132.02aA 20.12bA 1.32bcBC 41.57aA 100.67aA 2.30bB
坝莜6号Bayou 6 102.53fE 15.45dCD 1.58abAB 28.95dD 57.13eE 1.37fF
坝莜8号Bayou 8 124.98cB 14.52eDE 0.42fE 33.18bBC 72.47cC 1.56dD
坝莜9号Bayou 9 95.78gF 13.57fEF 0.85deCDE 21.48fF 49.85fF 1.24gG
坝莜13号Bayou 13 127.88bB 16.38cBC 0.95cdeCDE 31.15cCD 82.85bB 1.85cC
坝莜18号Bayou 18 122.00dC 16.78cB 1.92aA 34.82bB 79.65bB 2.42aA
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 121.76dC 21.03aA 1.12cdBCD 30.97cCD 64.78dD 1.54dDE

Table 5

Agronomic characters of different naked oat varieties under nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage"

品种Cultivar 株高Plant height (cm) 主穗长Main panicle length (cm) 空铃数Sterile spikelet number
CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate		 CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate		 CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate
坝莜1号Bayou 1 114.70d 122.80e 7.06 11.47f 14.50e 26.42 0.77c 0.47d -38.96
坝莜3号Bayou 3 126.90a 137.13a 8.06 18.27b 21.97b 20.25 1.40b 1.23bc -12.14
坝莜6号Bayou 6 98.53f 106.53f 7.51 14.77d 16.13d 9.21 2.10a 1.07bc -49.05
坝莜8号Bayou 8 118.50c 131.47c 10.95 13.47e 15.57d 15.59 0.37d 0.47d 27.03
坝莜9号Bayou 9 92.13g 99.43g 7.92 12.93e 14.20e 9.82 0.87c 0.83cd -4.60
坝莜13号Bayou 13 121.50b 134.27b 10.51 15.57c 17.20c 10.47 1.47b 0.43d -70.75
坝莜18号Bayou 18 115.47d 128.53d 11.31 15.63c 17.93c 14.72 1.73ab 2.10a 21.39
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 110.28e 133.23bc 20.81 19.20a 22.87a 19.11 0.93c 1.30b 39.78
品种 Cultivar 主穗小穗数
Spikelet number of main panicle		 主穗粒数
Grain number of main panicle		 主穗粒重
Grain weight of main panicle (g)
CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate		 CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate		 CK NT 增减率(%)
Fluctuate rate
坝莜1号Bayou 1 22.00e 31.03e 41.05 53.60d 63.13e 17.78 1.32f 1.62de 22.73
坝莜3号Bayou 3 37.30a 45.83a 22.87 82.20a 119.13a 44.93 2.14a 2.46b 14.95
坝莜6号Bayou 6 29.20c 28.70f -1.71 62.23c 52.03f -16.39 1.49d 1.25g -16.11
坝莜8号Bayou 8 31.03b 35.33cd 13.86 61.97c 82.97c 33.89 1.58c 1.55e -1.90
坝莜9号Bayou 9 19.23f 23.73g 23.40 43.97e 55.73f 26.75 1.15g 1.32f 14.78
坝莜13号Bayou 13 28.43c 33.87d 19.13 85.63a 80.07c -6.49 1.95b 1.75c -10.26
坝莜18号Bayou 18 31.07b 38.57b 24.14 67.00b 92.30b 37.76 2.20a 2.63a 19.55
冀张莜4号Jizhangyou 4 26.00d 35.93c 38.19 60.67c 68.90d 13.57 1.39e 1.68cd 20.86

"

品种Cultivar 处理Treatment 收益Benefit 净效益Income 增产效益Increase
子粒Grain 秸草Stalk
坝莜1号Bayou 1 CK 7 124.21 1 284.17 6 758.38 -
NT 8 196.92 1 387.77 7 565.69 807.31
坝莜3号Bayou 3 CK 7 101.28 1 313.25 6 764.53 -
NT 8 033.84 1 461.81 7 476.65 712.12
坝莜6号Bayou 6 CK 8 624.98 1 025.87 8 000.85 -
NT 6 981.52 1 183.41 6 145.93 -1 854.92
坝莜8号Bayou 8 CK 7 182.81 1 201.31 6 734.12 -
NT 8 105.19 1 427.14 7 513.33 779.20
坝莜9号Bayou 9 CK 6 675.76 1 124.28 6 150.04 -
NT 7 542.08 1 250.64 6 773.72 623.68
坝莜13号Bayou 13 CK 6 578.94 1 358.21 6 287.14 -
NT 8 219.85 1 419.44 7 620.29 1 333.15
坝莜18号Bayou 18 CK 8 790.60 1 514.70 8 655.30 -
NT 10 367.81 1 699.46 10 048.27 1 392.97
冀张莜4号 Jizhangyou 4 CK 7 985.43 1 390.45 7 725.88 -
NT 9 468.37 1 501.25 8 950.62 1 224.74
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