Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 129-135.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.05.022

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Effects of Chemical and Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Oilseed Sunflower

Xu Miao,He Wenshou,Ma Kun   

  1. College of Agronomy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China
  • Received:2017-04-28 Revised:2017-08-07 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Wenshou He

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Abstract:

In order to increase the yield and improve the quality of oil sunflower seeds, the effect of combination of chemical and organic fertilizers on the yield, inner and outer disc of oil sunflower was studied in the experiment. The main results showed as follows: Different fertilization treatments could increase the quantity of oil sunflower disc, disc stem, grain weight and yield; To compare with CK, the yield with chemical fertilizer and biological carbon (3 000kg/hm 2) was the most highest, increasing by 2.97 times. The effects of fertilization on crude protein and crude fat were different, while crude protein and crude fat content were negatively correlated and fertilization reduced crude fat content (11.02%-19.61% for inner disc, 9.52%-16.70% for outer disc); while increased crude protein content (54.11%-79.31% for inner disc, 34.81%-76.92% for outer disc). Fertilizer contributes to oleic acid and stearic acid, but the inhibition of linoleic acid and cetylic acid formations; Combination of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer could improve the content of oleic acid, stearic acid, but decreased linoleic acid, cetylic acid contents. The effect of chemical fertilizer combined with sheep manure (37 500kg/hm 2) on increasing oleic acid content and decreasing linoleic acid content was better than other treatments. Thus, for comprehensive consideration of crop yield and quality, it was suggested that the application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer could improve the yield and quality of oil sunflower, fertilizer combination biological carbon 3 000kg/hm 2 fertilizer had the best affection, followed by chemical fertilizer with sheep manure fertilizer 37 500kg/hm 2.

Key words: Oilseed, Sunflower, Fertilizer, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Basic properties of the tested soil"

土层深度(cm)
Soil depth		 有机质(g/kg)
Organic matter		 全氮(g/kg)
Total N		 速效磷(mg/kg)
Avail P		 速效钾(mg/kg)
Avail K		 有机碳(g/kg)
Organic carbon		 全盐(g/kg)
Total salt		 pH水土比(5∶1)
Water/Soil (5∶1)
0~20 7.06 0.11 9.26 212.73 4.99 0.71 8.40
20~40 6.95 0.11 9.75 202.94 4.03 0.77 8.36

Table 2

Influence of different fertilization treatment on yield component"

处理
Treatment		 总花盘个数(个/hm2)
Disc number		 单盘直径(cm)
Single-disc diameter		 单盘重(g)
Single-disc weight		 千粒重(g)
1000-seeds weight
1(CK) 49 446.92±40.0a 15.39±0.88b 246.00±35.30b 39.36±0.10b
2 50 058.06±68.5a 18.42±0.83a 386.17±18.23a 53.99±1.09a
3 56 613.94±4.5a 18.51±0.48a 309.94±58.32ab 51.27±1.53a
4 55 113.37±51.0a 19.19±0.33a 360.82±2.34a 53.10±3.93a
5 61 780.87±152.5a 18.69±0.48a 363.88±9.85a 53.25±1.63a
6 54 947.19±61.5a 18.48±0.69a 330.83±41.22ab 54.23±1.53a
7 53 613.79±59.5a 19.98±0.50a 308.83±41.22ab 56.05±1.54a
8 56 725.06±44.5a 19.30±0.67a 306.50±43.29ab 52.27±1.87a
9 65 225.48±93.0a 20.38±0.06a 320.17±13.58ab 52.05±4.49a

Fig.1

Influence of different fertilization treatment on yield Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments, the same below"

Fig.2

Change of crude fat mass fraction in sunflower seeds of inner and outer disc under different fertilization treatments"

Fig.3

Change of crude protein mass fraction in sunflower seeds of inner and outer disc under different fertilization treatments"

Table 3

Influence of different fertilizer treatment on fatty acid %"

处理
Treatment		 内盘子粒Inner disc seeds 外盘子粒Outer disc seeds
油酸
Oleic acid		 亚油酸
Linoleic acid		 棕榈酸
Cetylic acid		 硬脂酸
Stearic acid		 油酸
Oleic acid		 亚油酸
Linoleic acid		 棕榈酸
Cetylic acid		 硬脂酸
Stearic acid
1(CK) 39.91±0.01f 49.54±0.00a 6.25a 2.65i 42.19±0.07h 47.32±0.07a 6.08a 2.74h
2 50.16±0.04d 37.82±0.04d 5.34d 4.70a 50.06±0.07c 37.51±0.08g 5.24e 4.64a
3 50.27±0.02c 38.10±0.04c 5.39d 4.26g 49.73±0.02d 38.75±0.02e 5.42c 4.18f
4 50.90±0.04b 37.61±0.04e 5.40d 4.60b 50.10±0.03c 38.06±0.02f 5.34d 4.61b
5 52.39±0.02a 36.09±0.02g 5.08f 4.58c 51.34±0.01a 36.99±0.01i 5.15g 4.66a
6 50.93±0.04b 37.10±0.05f 5.25e 4.31f 50.17±0.01b 37.35±0.00h 5.19f 4.16g
7 50.25±0.02cd 38.05±0.02c 5.43c 4.45d 49.40±0.04e 39.06±0.04d 5.32d 4.27d
8 50.31±0.00c 37.78±0.01d 5.50b 4.41e 47.71±0.07g 40.51±0.06b 5.54b 4.33c
9 48.80±0.03e 39.69±0.03b 5.40d 4.24h 48.59±0.07f 39.79±0.07c 5.53b 4.25e
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