Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 146-151.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.01.024

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Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Growth and Yield of Different Millet Varieties

Xiaolan Jing1,Zhihua Li2,Xun Dong1   

  1. 1 Agricultural Extension Service, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
    2 Institute of Sorghum, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuci 030600, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-08-24 Revised:2018-11-23 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-02-01
  • Contact: Zhihua Li

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Abstract:

In order to study the effects of different sowing dates on the growth and yield of different millet varieties, five sowing date experiments were conducted in Yuci, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province. The results showed that the sowing date B5 (July 15) could not be safely mature in combination with the local microclimate in Jinzhong. The remaining four sowing date treatments could mature normally, with the delay of the sowing date, the growth period of each variety was shortened. The characteristics such as plant height, main stem node number, effective tillering, single spike length, single spike grain weight, and thousand grain weight decreased with the delay of sowing date. From the perspective of output, Jinshu 9 and Fenshu 6 were suitable for early sowing, sowing at the end of May, the output of Fenshu 6 could reach a maximum of 5 913.6kg/hm 2; Yimi 5, Gumi 21, Yumi 2 and Baoshu 1 should be sowing later, sowing at the beginning of June, the output of Yumi 2 could reach a maximum of 6 306.96kg/hm 2.

Key words: Sowing date, Millet, Variety, Growth period, Yield

Table 1

Main growth stages and growth periods of each millet variety at different sowing dates d"

品种
Variety		 播期
Sowing
date		 出苗期(月/日)
Emergence stage
(Month/Day)		 抽穗期(月/日)
Heading stage
(Month/Day)		 成熟期(月/日)
Mature stage
(Month/Day)		 播种-出苗
Sowing-
seedling		 出苗-抽穗
Sprout-
heading		 抽穗-成熟
Heading-maturity		 生育天数
Days of
growth
固糜21号 B1 5/28 7/17 8/27 8 50 41 99
Gumi 21 B2 6/10 7/22 9/1 7 42 41 90
B3 6/23 8/2 9/10 7 40 39 86
B4 7/5 8/8 9/16 4 34 39 77
B5 7/18 8/18 - 3 31 - -
伊糜5号 B1 5/28 7/14 8/26 8 47 43 98
Yimi 5 B2 6/10 7/19 8/31 7 39 43 89
B3 6/23 8/2 9/10 7 40 39 86
B4 7/5 8/8 9/16 4 34 39 77
B5 7/18 8/18 - 3 31 - -
榆糜2号 B1 5/28 7/22 9/2 8 55 42 105
Yumi 2 B2 6/10 7/29 9/9 7 49 42 98
B3 6/23 8/3 9/13 7 41 41 89
B4 7/5 8/14 9/21 4 40 38 82
B5 7/18 8/25 - 3 37 - -
汾黍6号 B1 5/28 7/24 9/4 8 57 42 107
Fenshu 6 B2 6/10 7/31 9/11 7 51 42 100
B3 6/23 8/12 9/19 7 50 38 95
B4 7/5 8/18 9/24 4 44 37 85
B5 7/18 8/25 - 3 37 - -
晋黍9号 B1 5/28 7/16 8/28 8 49 43 100
Jinshu 9 B2 6/10 7/25 9/4 7 45 41 93
B3 6/23 8/3 9/12 7 41 39 87
B4 7/5 8/10 9/18 4 36 39 79
B5 7/18 8/20 - 3 33 - -
保黍1号 B1 5/28 7/23 9/3 8 56 42 106
Baoshu 1 B2 6/10 7/30 9/10 7 50 42 99
B3 6/23 8/5 9/15 7 43 41 91
B4 7/5 8/14 9/22 4 40 39 83
B5 7/18 8/24 - 3 36 - -

Table 2

Meteorological data from May to September of the test site in 2018"

月份(Month) 5 6 7 8 9
平均气温(℃)
Average temperature		 20.8 21.9 25.8 22.8 18.5
平均降水量(mm)
Average precipitation		 13.8 84.8 236.6 114.7 11.8
平均日照时数(h)
Average sunshine time		 278.6 239.3 237.2 206.2 216.7

Table 3

Effects of sowing date on morphological characteristics of different millet varieties"

品种Variety 播期Sowing date 株高(cm)
Plant height		 主茎节数
Nods of
main stem		 单株分蘖数Tillers per
plant		 单株有效分蘖数
Effective tillers
per plant		 基部节间长Internode length at base (cm) 穗下节间长Internode length under spike (cm)
第1节
Base section 1		 第2节
Base section 2		 第3节
Base section 3		 第1节
Section 1 under spik		 第2节
Section 2 under spik		 第3节
Section 3 under spik
固糜21号 B1 122.48±10.13aAB 8.7±0.67aA 4.7±0.95aA 4.2±1.03aA 7.01±2.79aA 11.21±1.30aA 11.66±1.34bA 23.81±7.89bB 15.37±2.43aA 13.86±2.53cB
Gumi 21 B2 133.64±11.04aA 8.5±0.53abA 4.5±1.08aA 3.9±1.29aA 7.49±2.26aA 11.78±2.36aA 14.02±1.2abA 23.68±5.29bB 16.11±3.28aA 16.96±2.04abAB
B3 131.24±7.39aA 8.0±0.82bAB 3.4±0.52bB 2.5±0.71bB 5.83±3.34aA 13.53±3.24aA 14.76±3.76aA 26.83±6.53abAB 17.19±4.14aA 17.67±2.86aA
B4 109.31±10.52bB 7.4±0.70cB 2.4±0.84cC 1.8±0.79cBC 5.26±2.41aA 11.16±1.40aA 13.93±1.49abA 30.98±4.80aA 16.41±1.20aA 15.00±1.32bcAB
B5 76.75±8.83cC 4.6±0.52dC 3.4±0.52bB 1.4±0.70cC 5.92±3.52aA - - - - -
伊糜5号 B1 132.81±4.93abAB 9.2±0.42aA 4.6±1.08aA 3.6±0.97aA 7.66±2.08aA 12.65±1.87aA 14.05±1.85bA 25.14±5.17aA 17.75±4.89aA 15.44±4.02bBC
Yimi 5 B2 142.60±9.79aA 8.8±0.42aA 4.1±0.88abAB 4.0±0.94aA 6.35±2.84abA 12.59±2.06aA 14.14±1.97bA 28.84±8.43aA 20.74±3.97aA 18.17±2.85aAB
B3 125.89±5.87bB 7.4±0.52bB 2.6±0.97cC 2.0±0.94bB 6.36±3.02abA 11.46±2.27aA 16.62±2.32aA 25.47±5.27aA 18.59±3.46aA 18.86±2.77aA
B4 112.28±3.42cC 7.5±0.53bB 1.8±0.63dC 1.3±0.48cB 5.97±2.96abA 12.04±4.05aA 14.72±3.05abA 25.83±8.70aA 13.23±3.34bB 14.17±2.49bC
B5 77.00±5.76dD 5.3±0.48cC 3.6±0.70bB 1.1±0.32cB 4.78±2.12bA - - - - -
榆糜2号 B1 161.77±5.72aA 10.4±0.70aA 4.0±0.94aA 3.9±0.74aA 7.53±2.61aA 12.20±1.82aA 15.07±1.80bAB 27.82±7.64aA 18.52±6.21aA 16.33±2.06abAB
Yumi 2 B2 144.70±3.31bB 9.3±0.67bB 4.4±0.70aA 3.9±0.74aA 5.15±1.40aA 12.64±2.90aA 14.49±1.46bB 24.18±4.41aAB 16.77±2.83abA 18.10±3.73aA
B3 125.96±11.47cC 8.0±0.82cC 2.8±0.79bB 2.2±0.79bB 7.30±6.62aA 13.41±4.84aA 17.79±3.51aA 17.33±3.65bB 14.25±4.11bA 16.38±1.87abAB
B4 119.98±6.81cC 7.7±0.67cC 2.7±0.48bB 2.3±0.48bB 6.16±2.96aA 14.54±3.14aA 16.16±3.18abAB 29.26±4.20aA 14.49±1.85bA 14.07±1.67bB
B5 83.34±9.26dD 5.6±0.97dD 2.9±0.88bB 1.1±0.32cC 5.02±2.17aA - - - - -
晋黍9号 B1 118.81±11.74bB 8.7±0.67aAB 3.7±1.06abAB 3.1±0.74aA 7.70±2.07aA 12.53±2.38aA 13.33±2.25bB 20.89±5.42bB 14.36±4.55aA 13.77±1.29aA
Jinshu 9 B2 138.28±7.68aA 8.9±0.57aA 3.8±0.79aA 3.4±0.70aA 8.37±3.58aA 14.16±2.23aA 15.64±1.66abAB 23.31±7.48bB 16.56±2.58aA 15.74±1.68aA
B3 123.56±11.59bAB 8.1±0.57bB 3.1±0.88abcAB 2.1±0.74bB 8.19±3.83aA 13.93±2.97aA 16.11±3.61aAB 19.25±5.60bB 14.75±3.72aA 15.41±2.87aA
B4 119.20±4.12bB 7.3±0.48cC 2.8±0.79cB 1.8±0.63bBC 7.07±2.58abA 14.27±1.51aA 17.27±3.05aA 32.27±5.12aA 14.49±1.78aA 14.9±1.68aA
B5 80.76±5.51cC 5.2±0.79dD 3.0±0.67bcAB 1.1±0.32cC 4.78±2.97bA - - - - -
汾黍6号 B1 162.71±11.37abAB 10.5±0.71aA 4.1±1.10aA 3.6±0.97aA 6.02±3.87bB 7.89±3.68cC 14.12±1.51bB 24.07±6.38bcAB 17.55±2.34aA 16.97±3.32aA
Fenshu 6 B2 168.69±4.86aA 10.9±0.74aA 3.4±0.84abAB 2.9±1.20bAB 7.98±2.60abAB 14.30±2.76bB 17.05±2.13aAB 21.55±3.31cB 14.68±2.26aA 17.15±1.51aA
B3 151.53±8.55bcBC 9.7±0.82bB 2.8±0.79bB 2.6±0.84bB 8.66±3.81abAB 14.38±1.65bB 17.13±1.44aAB 28.11±5.75abAB 13.30±3.35bA 15.03±3.22aA
B4 145.66±9.16cC 8.0±0.67cC 1.8±0.92cC 1.5±0.71cC 9.89±4.47aA 17.65±3.67aA 18.70±2.74aA 30.56±6.06aA 17.34±1.90aA 15.86±2.77aA
B5 97.85±3.74dD 6.6±0.97dD 2.8±0.42bB 1.0±0.00cC 6.57±3.49bAB - - - - -
保黍1号 B1 125.99±10.32bB 9.4±0.84aA 4.2±0.92aA 3.8±1.03aA 4.99±2.86aA 10.71±1.62bA 11.54±1.98bB 25.08±6.91bAB 18.30±4.93aA 15.93±4.66abAB
Baoshu 1 B2 141.46±8.59aA 9.4±0.84aA 3.9±0.88aAB 3.4±0.97aAB 6.27±2.28aA 13.42±2.61aA 15.07±2.56aA 19.73±6.92bcBC 15.56±4.91abAB 17.10±4.64aA
B3 125.26±8.35bB 8.5±0.71bB 3.0±0.67bBC 2.5±0.71bBC 6.67±3.64aA 13.43±2.46aA 16.46±4.46aA 17.59±6.42cC 10.85±2.76cC 13.55±4.05bcB
B4 117.60±7.33bB 7.7±0.67cC 2.5±0.97bC 1.8±0.63cCD 4.25±2.86aA 11.78±4.30abA 15.15±5.13aA 30.83±3.63aA 12.43±6.67bcBC 12.92±1.57cB
B5 79.85±7.69cC 4.9±0.32dD 2.8±1.14bC 1.3±0.67cD 5.81±3.16aA - - - - -

Fig.1

Single spike length of six millet varieties under different sowing dates"

Fig.2

Single spike grain weight of six millet varieties under different sowing dates"

Fig.3

1000-grain weight of six millet varieties under different sowing dates"

Fig.4

Yield of 6 millet varieties under different sowing dates"

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