Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 136-141.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.02.021

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Effects of Foliar Spraying 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Spring Maize Growth and Yield under Different Planting Densities

Huihui Tang,Yanli Xu,Qingyan Wang,Zhengbo Ma,Guangyan Li,Hui Dong,Zhiqiang Dong   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2018-10-21 Revised:2019-02-26 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-12
  • Contact: Zhiqiang Dong

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Abstract:

To explore the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on spring maize growth and yield and its physiological mechanisms, a split-spot experiment was conducted in Gongzhuling experiment station, Jilin Province. Maize hybrid Zhongdan 909 was used with low (45 000 plant/hm 2), middle (75 000 plant/hm 2) and high (105 000 plant/hm 2) planting population. The results showed that the yield increased by 9.7% and 4.9% in the densities of 45 000 and 75 000 plant/hm 2 compared with the control ALA treatments, respectively. Under the density of 75 000 plant/hm 2, ALA treatment increased maize thousand kernel weight, dry matter accumulation at harvest, leaf area index after anthesis, SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate by 3.7%, 4.3%, 6.8%, 2.5% and 15.7%, respectively, compared with that of control treatment under the same plant density. In conclusion, ALA improved canopy structure of maize plant in field conditions, delayed leaf senescence process, increased aboveground dry matter accumulation, which in turn, increased maize yield. Therefore, ALA could be used as a technical measure for high and stable yield of spring maize in Northeast China.

Key words: ALA, Spring maize, Density, Population structure, Yield

Table 1

Effects of ALA on maize yield components of three planting populations in 2016 and 2017"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 秃尖长(cm)
Bare tip length		 穗粗(mm)
Ear diameter		 穗粒数
Kernel number per ear		 千粒重(g)
Thousand kernel weight		 产量(kg/hm2)
Yield
2016 CK4.5 19.8±0.6 0.5±0.6 54.5±0.7 623.9±53.2 371.9±5.9 11 888.4±838.5
TR4.5 20.1±0.1 0.3±0.5 54.4±0.8 627.8±65.4 348.2±9.0 13 676.3±244.5**
CK7.5 17.5±0.8 0.9±0.3 51.6±0.6 582.0±58.2 309.0±10.2 12 848.3±603.0
TR7.5 17.6±0.6 0.7±0.4 52.2±0.5 578.3±73.8 318.2±9.0 13 930.8±116.0
CK10.5 16.2±0.6 0.6±0.4 48.5±0.7 503.3±42.5 277.8±13.0 11 691.3±1 380.0
TR10.5 15.6±1.1 0.9±0.6 49.7±0.4* 475.6±51.8 300.6±6.6** 11 016.2±684.9
2017 CK4.5 22.0±0.8 0.5±0.7 51.6±3.2 689.9±75.8 303.0±20.9 12 395.5±554.4
TR4.5 21.8±0.9 0.5±0.6 52.1±1.4 702.4±49.8 330.0±6.9* 12 923.7±594.0*
CK7.5 19.9±0.8 0.9±0.6 48.9±1.6 638.6±74.9 266.3±8.1 12 589.3±710.1
TR7.5 18.7±1.5 1.2±0.7 48.5±1.7 555.3±80.6 277.9±16.9 12 762.5±648.9
CK10.5 18.2±0.8 1.6±0.8 46.4±2.3 539.8±61.4 250.2±13.2 11 618.7±461.6
TR10.5 18.0±1.0 1.6±0.5 45.9±1.6 530.4±69.4 248.7±27.6 11 523.6±1 113.2

Fig.1

Effects of ALA on maize dry matter accumulation under different planting densities in 2016 and 2017"

Fig.2

Effects of ALA on maize LAI under different planting densities in 2016 and 2017"

Table 2

Effects of ALA on maize ear leaf SPAD value of three planting densities in 2016 and 2017"

年份 处理
Treatment		 生育时期Growth stage
V12 VT VT+20 VT+40
2016 CK4.5 59.4±1.2 62.4±2.5 63.5±2.2 61.8±2.4
TR4.5 60.2±0.6 62.5±0.4 64.0±2.5 63.3±1.3
CK7.5 58.4±0.6 61.3±2.2 63.0±2.3 58.9±3.7
TR7.5 59.8±0.8 61.7±0.8 60.3±1.2 58.4±1.9
CK10.5 57.0±0.9 54.9±1.3 61.3±0.6 54.4±3.0
TR10.5 60.5±0.5 59.6±1.1 59.4±1.5 55.8±3.7
2017 CK4.5 58.2±4.2 63.5±2.4 67.4±3.4 60.9±1.8
TR4.5 62.5±1.6 59.9±3.3 65.0±3.7 59.8±2.5
CK7.5 54.4±3.6 60.4±1.5 61.6±4.5 57.1±5.9
TR7.5 54.6±5.0 56.4±5.1 60.6±1.7 60.7±2.7
CK10.5 51.2±4.5 53.0±3.3 55.7±3.8 49.2±3.7
TR10.5 52.0±5.7 57.1±3.5 56.9±3.8 52.0±2.5

Fig.3

Effects of ALA on maize grain-filling of three plant densities in 2016"

Fig.4

Effects of ALA on maize ear leaf net photosynthetic rate of three planting densities in 2016 "*" means significant difference between ALA and control treatment at P=0.05 level under the same planting density"

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