Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 189-192.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.030

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Effects of Long-Term No-Tillage Straw Returning on Soil Organic Carbon and Soybean Yield in Cold Region

Cai Lijun1(), Zhang Jingtao1(), Liu Jingqi1, Gai Zhijia1, Guo Zhenhua2, Zhao Guifan1   

  1. 1Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
    2Rice Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154026, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-01-05 Revised:2021-10-20 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Zhang Jingtao E-mail:cai_lijun@yeah.net;zhangjt2008@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to optimize the cultivation techniques and measures of no-tillage mulching in cold region, the effects of 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% straw mulching on the contents of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon under no-tillage condition were studied. The results showed that no-tillage straw returning was helpful to increase the contents of soil total organic carbon (4.1%-22.3%), soil active organic carbon (52.5%-75.5%) and soil microbial biomass carbon content (14.6%-44.7%); the total organic carbon, active organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon contents of surface soil increased with the increase of straw returning, the total organic carbon content of subsurface soil was the highest with 60% straw returning, and the microbial biomass carbon content of subsurface soil were higher with 60% and 100% straw returning; the yield of soybean was the highest with 30% straw returning, followed by 60% straw returning. Under the condition of no-tillage in cold region for nine years, 60% straw returning had significant effects on soil organic carbon retention and soybean yield improvement.

Key words: No-tillage, Straw returning, Total organic carbon, Active organic carbon, Microbial biomass carbon, Soybean yield

Fig.1

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil total organic carbon contents Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil active organic carbon contents"

Fig.3

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil microbial biomass carbon contents"

Table 1

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soybean yield and its components"

秸秆还田量
Straw returning
rate (%)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 底荚高度
Bottom pod
height (cm)		 无效节数
Invalid
nodes		 有效节数
Effective
nodes		 单株荚数
Pods per
plant		 单株粒数
Grains per
plant		 百粒重
100-grain
weight (g)		 收获密度（株/m2）
Harvest density
(plant/m2)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
0 71.7a 10.7a 3.7c 8.9b 25.5c 51.0d 21.7a 32.6a 3708.0b
30 70.8a 10.0a 4.0c 9.6a 41.5a 91.8a 20.7a 33.6a 4162.5a
60 71.2a 12.4b 4.5b 8.7b 34.0b 81.5b 19.3b 32.0a 3844.5b
100 68.4b 12.0b 5.0a 8.4c 31.5b 76.5c 19.7b 28.0b 3289.5c
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