Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 73-79.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.01.010

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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Landraces and Improved Varieties of Mung Bean by EST-SSR Markers

Wang Yueying1,2(), Fan Baojie1, Cao Zhimin1, Wang Yan1, Su Qiuzhu1, Zhang Zhixiao1, Wang Shen1, Shi Huiying1, Shen Yingchao1, Cheng Xuzhen3, Liu Changyou1(), Tian Jing1()   

  1. 1Institute of Food and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences / Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China
    2China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Hangzhou 310006
    3Zhejiang, China
    3Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2022-09-29 Revised:2023-11-24 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-20
  • Contact: Liu Changyou,Tian Jing E-mail:wyywangyueying@163.com;35931915@qq.com;nkytianjing@163.com

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Abstract:

We used 16 EST-SSR markers covering 11 chromosomes of mung bean genome to analyze the genetic diversity of 156 mung bean landraces and 53 improved mung bean varieties from 15 different provinces in China. The results showed that 16 EST-SSR markers detected a total of 57 alleles, with an average of 3.56 alleles per marker, and the average effective alleles number (Ne) was 1.89, the Shannon?s information index (PIC) was 0.70. Compared with the improved mung bean varieties, the observed allele number, Ne, the expected heterozygosity and PIC of the landraces were higher, indicating that the genetic diversity of landraces was higher than that of the improved mung bean varieties. The Structure analysis divided all resources into three distinct groups. The resources in the group tend to gather according to geographical origin, and the average genetic distance between germplasms in the three groups had little difference. Using UPGMA method for cluster analysis, all the mung bean resources could be divided into group A, B and C. Group A concentrated most improved mung bean varieties, while group B and C were mainly landraces. The genetic consistency of 12 populations from different geographical sources ranged from 0.4706 to 0.9627.

Key words: Mung bean, EST-SSR marker, Germplasm resources, Genetic diversity

Table 1

The 16 polymorphic EST-SSR markers for the analysis of the genetic diversity of mung bean germplasm resources"

标记名称
Marker name		 染色体
Chromosome		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5'-3')		 来源基因注释
Gene annotation		 退火温度
Tm (℃)
SYD338 Chr 8 CCTTCACACCCTTTTCTGATTC 转录体X1 55
GGGTTTCCTTCTTGGTCTCC 锌指蛋白JAGGED（LOC106770716） 55
SYD358 Chr 5 GTGATGGTGCTGCTTTTCAA 蛋白Dr1同源物（LOC106756201） 55
ATGCGTGGGGAGAAGTAAGA 55
SYD422 Chr 3 TCAGGTTTTGCAACTGGGTA 未注释（LOC106759383） 55
TTCCTCAGCAAACGATGTTG 55
SYD526 Chr 9 TGGGGACAGTCTTAAACCACA squamosa启动子结合样蛋白8（LOC106773739） 55
GCCCTAATTTGGAGAGCTTG 55
SYD747 Chr 3 GCAGGCAATACGAGGAGTTC 未注释（LOC106776533） 55
AGGGTCGGTCCATCAACATA 55
SYD753 Chr 4 ATTCAAGCCAGAGAAGGCAA GATA锌指结构域蛋白14（LOC106754216） 55
GGTGGGAGGGTATTGGCTAT 55
SYD965 Chr 6 AACTGCTGTGGTAGATGGGG 转录共抑制因子SEUSS（LOC106764757） 55
GGCAGCAGTAAAAATGGAGC 55
SYD1051 Chr 2 CTCTGCTAGTTCCACACCCC 稻草人样蛋白4（LOC106779206） 55
CTGTGTAGCGTTGGGAAGGT 55
SYD1159 Chr 5 ATGTTTGAGGCATTTCCCTG 介导RNA聚合酶II转录亚基15a（LOC106760781） 55
ATCAGGCAACAACAACCACA 55
SYD1175 Chr 4 CCCCAGAATCAAGAAATCCA 托品酮还原酶同源物At5g06060（LOC106757582） 55
GCTCTCGTTACTGGAGGCAC 55
SYD1265 Chr 2 AGCGGGAAGGAAGATGAGAT SCY1样蛋白2（LOC106756108） 55
GGCACAGCTCCCTCTAATTG 55
SYD1276 Chr 1 ATTGAAGTGCCCTTGTTTGC α-1,4葡聚糖磷酸化酶L同工酶，叶绿体/淀粉样（LOC106770459） 55
GAACATTCAACCAGCCCAAT 55
SYD1283 Chr 11 ATGATGGCCTTGTTCTCCTG 未表征的膜蛋白At4g09580（LOC106776315） 55
TCCAATCTTCGTTTCTTGCC 55
SYD1717 Chr 6 GGAGACCTGGATTAGCGTGA 3-酮酰基辅酶a合成酶（LOC106765300） 55
CCACATTCACATTCCGATGA 55
SYD1722 Chr 10 GACGAAGGACAATGAATGAT 未注释（LOC106753957） 55
GAAAGAAGCCTGCTATGAAA 55
SYD1909 Chr 7 CACAGTGTGCCCTAACCAGA 天冬氨酸―tRNA连接酶，叶绿体/线粒体（LOC106766801） 55
TGAAGCCCCCACAGTATGTT 55

Fig.1

Partial electrophoretic analysis results of the marker SYD1159 M: DNA marker."

Table 2

Genetic diversity of 209 mung bean germplasm resources"

EST-SSR
标记
EST-SSR
marker		 观测等位变异数
The number of observed alleles		 有效等位变异数
Ne		 Nei?s位点多样性
Nei?s allele diversity		 Shannon?s信息指数
PIC
农家种
Landrace		 育成品种
Cultivar		 整体
All		 农家种
Landrace		 育成品种
Cultivar		 整体
All		 农家种
Landrace		 育成品种
Cultivar		 整体
All		 农家种
Landrace		 育成品种
Cultivar		 整体
All
SYD338 9 5 9 5.04 4.24 4.99 0.80 0.76 0.80 1.79 1.50 1.77
SYD358 5 4 6 2.54 1.49 2.24 0.61 0.33 0.55 1.12 0.66 1.04
SYD422 3 3 3 1.90 1.31 1.77 0.47 0.24 0.44 0.71 0.45 0.68
SYD526 2 2 2 1.01 1.34 1.09 0.01 0.26 0.08 0.04 0.42 0.18
SYD747 3 3 3 1.69 1.72 1.70 0.41 0.42 0.41 0.66 0.72 0.68
SYD753 3 3 3 1.22 1.81 1.37 0.18 0.45 0.27 0.36 0.70 0.48
SYD965 3 2 3 1.54 1.30 1.47 0.35 0.23 0.32 0.56 0.39 0.52
SYD1051 4 3 4 1.79 1.89 1.82 0.44 0.47 0.45 0.79 0.78 0.80
SYD1159 3 2 3 1.79 1.77 1.79 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.69 0.63 0.68
SYD1175 3 3 3 1.91 2.98 2.29 0.48 0.66 0.56 0.83 1.10 0.95
SYD1265 3 2 3 1.76 1.32 1.65 0.43 0.24 0.39 0.65 0.41 0.61
SYD1276 2 3 3 1.01 1.36 1.09 0.01 0.27 0.09 0.04 0.49 0.20
SYD1283 3 2 3 1.83 1.42 1.74 0.45 0.30 0.43 0.69 0.47 0.65
SYD1717 3 3 3 2.10 1.66 2.11 0.52 0.40 0.53 0.81 0.65 0.80
SYD1722 3 2 3 2.03 1.34 1.86 0.51 0.26 0.46 0.80 0.42 0.74
SYD1909 3 3 3 1.11 1.61 1.23 0.10 0.38 0.19 0.24 0.62 0.38
合计Total 55 45 57
平均值Mean 3.44 2.81 3.56 1.89 1.79 1.89 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.67 0.65 0.70
标准差Standard deviation 1.63 0.83 1.67 0.94 0.77 0.90 0.21 0.16 0.16 0.42 0.29 0.37

Fig.2

Three clusters (populations) inferred by Structure analysis"

Table 3

Compositions of the three populations inferred by Structure analysis"

Structure组群
Structure population		 组群内遗传距离
Average distance within population		 资源份数
Number of accessions		 比例
Percentage (%)		 资源来源（份数）
Origin of accession (number of accessions)
组群1 Pop1 0.2848 74 35.41
农家种Landrace
 68
 91.89
 北京（7）；重庆（8）；河北（18）；河南（14）；湖南（5）；山东（6）；山西（7）；陕西（3）
育成品种Cultivar 6 8.11 山西（3）；陕西（1）；吉林（1）；河北（1）
组群2 Pop2 0.3454 60 28.71
农家种Landrace
 40
 66.67
 安徽（14）；重庆（1）；河北（1）；湖北（8）；黑龙江（6）；山东（6）；山西（1）；陕西（3）
育成品种Cultivar 20 33.33 AVRDC（9）；北京（4）；广西（1）；河北（1）
组群3 Pop3 0.1680 75 35.88
农家种Landrace

 48

 64.00

 安徽（2）；北京（5）；湖北（7）；河南（1）；湖南（1）；辽宁（7）；黑龙江（7）；山东（7）；山西（7）；陕西（3）
育成品种Cultivar

 27

 36.00

 安徽（2）；北京（2）；河北（9）；河南（3）；吉林（4）；江苏（1）；辽宁（1）；黑龙江（1）；山东（4）；山西（1）

Fig.3

UPGMA cluster analysis of 209 mung bean accessions HB: Hebei; BJ: Beijing; JL: Jilin; SX: Shanxi; SD: Shandong; LN: Liaoning; GX: Guangxi; AH: Anhui; HN: Henan; hn: Hunan; sx: Shaanxi; JS: Jiangsu; CQ: Chongqing; hb: Hubei; QQHE: Qiqihar; C: Cultivars: L: Landrace."

Table 4

Genetic consistency (above diagonal) and genetic distance (below diagonal) among 12 populations"

群体
Population		 黑龙江
Heilongjiang		 辽宁
Liaoning		 北京
Beijing		 河北
Hebei		 河南
Henan		 山东
Shandong		 山西
Shanxi		 陕西
Shaanxi		 安徽
Anhui		 湖北
Hubei		 重庆
Chongqing		 海南
Hainan
黑龙江Heilongjiang 0.9563 0.9309 0.9031 0.8609 0.9627 0.7984 0.5861 0.8418 0.8836 0.8143 0.8095
辽宁Liaoning 0.0447 0.8629 0.8783 0.8139 0.9144 0.7647 0.6080 0.7667 0.8500 0.8577 0.8790
北京Beijing 0.0716 0.1474 0.9568 0.8409 0.9335 0.8903 0.6559 0.9385 0.7857 0.6726 0.7169
河北Hebei 0.1019 0.1297 0.0441 0.8385 0.9287 0.8651 0.6936 0.9413 0.7694 0.6745 0.7145
河南Henan 0.1498 0.2059 0.1733 0.1761 0.8336 0.8619 0.7475 0.7768 0.7217 0.6547 0.6198
山东Shandong 0.0380 0.0895 0.0688 0.0739 0.1819 0.8487 0.6106 0.8819 0.8847 0.7804 0.8075
山西Shanxi 0.2251 0.2683 0.1161 0.1449 0.1486 0.1641 0.8415 0.8272 0.6479 0.5927 0.6346
陕西Shaanxi 0.4987 0.4494 0.4217 0.3440 0.2671 0.4647 0.1670 0.6692 0.4706 0.5387 0.5073
安徽Anhui 0.1722 0.2657 0.0634 0.0605 0.2526 0.1256 0.1897 0.4016 0.6895 0.5704 0.6762
湖北Hubei 0.1238 0.1625 0.2412 0.2621 0.3261 0.1226 0.4341 0.7538 0.3718 0.8999 0.7670
重庆Chongqing 0.2054 0.1535 0.3966 0.3938 0.4235 0.2479 0.5231 0.6186 0.5615 0.1054 0.7846
海南Hainan 0.2113 0.1290 0.3328 0.3362 0.4784 0.2139 0.4548 0.6787 0.3912 0.2652 0.2425
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