不同类型甘薯茎和叶中碳、氮、磷化学计量学特征研究

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取3个鲜食型、3个淀粉型和3个紫甘薯品种,于不同生育期采集地上部茎、叶样品,测定其碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）含量,研究不同类型甘薯C、N、P生态化学计量学特征及其随生育期的变化规律。结果表明,甘薯叶中C、N、P含量范围分别为391~399、26.3~29.1、2.90~3.10mg/g,茎中分别为421~428、11.6~15.2、4.99~5.77mg/g,其在茎、叶中的差异大于甘薯类型间的差异;茎中C含量随生育期延长略有增加,但茎、叶中N和P含量则随生育期延长而降低,茎、叶中C、N、P含量随生育时期的变化大于甘薯类型间的变化。不同类型甘薯叶中C/N、C/P分别以紫甘薯和淀粉型甘薯最大,说明紫甘薯和淀粉型甘薯有较高的碳同化能力;3种类型甘薯叶中N/P为8.57~9.97,表明N元素是甘薯茎叶生长的主要限制因子。

关键词: 甘薯, 生态化学计量学, 茎叶, 生育期

Abstract:

Total of 9 sweet potato varieties were selected and were divided into 3 types i.e. fresh sweet potato, starch sweet potato, and purple sweet potato. The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the shoots and leaves were measured at different growth periods, to study the C, N, P ecological stoichiometric characteristics of different types of sweet potatoes and their changes with the growth period. The results showed that the content ranges of C, N, and P were 391-399, 26.3-29.1, 2.90-3.10mg/g in leaves, and 421-428, 11.6-15.2, and 4.99-5.77mg/g in stems, respectively. The differences in stems and leaves are greater than those in sweet potato types; the C content in the stems increases slightly with the growth period, but the content of other elements in the stems and leaves decreases with the growth period. The change of C, N and P contents in stems with growth period is greater than that among varieties. Purple sweet potato and starch sweet potato had the highest C/N and C/P respectively in leaves of different sweet potato varieties, which indicated that they had high C assimilation ability. The N/P values in three types of sweet potato leaves ranged from 8.57 to 9.97 which indicated that N was the main limiting factor of growth in sweet potato.

Key words: Sweet potato, Ecological stoichiometry, Stem and leaf, Growth period

郭琪琳,吴海云,李欢,刘庆. 不同类型甘薯茎和叶中碳、氮、磷化学计量学特征研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2020 (2): 41–47

Guo Qilin,Wu Haiyun,Li Huan,Liu Qing. Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Leaves and Stems of Different Types of Sweet Potato[J]. Crops, 2020(2): 41–47

图/表 4

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器官 Organ	甘薯类型 Sweet potato type	含量(mg/g) Content			变异系数(%) Coefficient of variation			计量比 Stoichiometric ratio
器官 Organ	甘薯类型 Sweet potato type	C	N	P	C	N	P	C/N	C/P	N/P
叶 Leaf	紫甘薯 Purple sweet potato	396±6.16b	26.3±2.81a	3.07±0.66b	1.56	10.68	21.50	15.1±1.39c	128.9±7.95a	8.57±1.06a
	淀粉型甘薯 Starch sweet potato	391±9.57b	28.9±3.43a	2.90±0.39b	2.45	11.87	13.45	13.5±1.41c	134.8±6.47a	9.97±0.78a
	鲜食型甘薯 Fresh sweet potato	399±9.10b	29.1±5.61a	3.10±0.45b	2.28	19.28	14.52	13.7±2.32c	128.7±8.12a	9.39±0.79a
茎 Stem	紫甘薯 Purple sweet potato	421±7.35a	11.6±2.88b	5.37±1.56a	1.75	24.83	29.05	36.3±6.44a	78.4±6.66b	2.16±0.37b
	淀粉型甘薯 Starch sweet potato	423±2.87a	15.2±3.37b	5.77±1.22a	0.68	22.17	21.14	27.8±4.91b	78.3±6.56b	2.63±0.37b
	鲜食型甘薯 Fresh sweet potato	428±5.16a	13.9±7.04b	4.99±0.97a	1.21	50.65	19.44	30.8±5.74ab	85.8±5.48b	2.79±0.87b

参数Parameter	变异来源Source of variation	离差平方和SS	自由度df	均方Mean square deviation	F
C	生育时期Growth period (G)	380.9221	2	190.4610	2.0740
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	206.4010	2	103.2005	1.1240
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	151.7279	4	37.9320	0.4130
	误差Error	1 653.1071	18	91.8393
	总变异Total variation	2 392.1580	26
N	生育时期Growth period (G)	267.6165	2	133.8083	9.8530^*
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	42.6645	2	21.3322	1.5710
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	39.3852	4	9.8463	0.7250
	误差Error	244.4419	18	13.5801
	总变异Total variation	594.1081	26
P	生育时期Growth period (G)	4.1286	2	2.0643	7.4240^*
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	0.2214	2	0.1107	0.3980
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	0.6466	4	0.1616	0.5810
	误差Error	5.0049	18	0.2781
	总变异Total variation	10.0014	26
C/N	生育时期Growth period (G)	50.9970	2	25.4985	8.8660^*
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	12.8540	2	6.4270	2.2350
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	5.0039	4	1.2510	0.4350
	误差Error	51.7673	18	2.8760
	总变异Total variation	120.6223	26
C/P	生育时期Growth period (G)	7 276.8861	2	3 638.4430	6.4340^*
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	318.4184	2	159.2092	0.2820
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	1 008.7535	4	252.1884	0.4460
	误差Error	10 179.3593	18	565.5200
	总变异Total variation	18 783.4173	26
N/P	生育时期Growth period (G)	0.9085	2	0.4543	0.1310
	甘薯类型Sweet potato type (T)	8.7679	2	4.3839	1.2630
	生育时期×甘薯类型G×T	9.7828	4	2.4457	0.7050
	误差Error	62.4812	18	3.4712
	总变异Total variation	81.9404	26