盐、碱胁迫下水稻种子萌发过程水分含量变化及对种子发芽影响的低场核磁检测研究

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.04.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究盐、碱胁迫下水稻种子萌发过程水分含量变化及对种子发芽的影响，以及利用低场核磁检测技术测定种子含水量的可行性，利用光照培养箱进行培养皿种子发芽试验，分析了在蒸馏水（对照处理）、浓度为50、150mmol/L NaCl和NaHCO₃胁迫处理下，盐粳48和辽星1种子萌发72h过程中核磁信号幅值变化及各处理对发芽指标的影响，确定单位质量水稻种子样品核磁信号幅值与湿基含水率的回归函数关系。结果表明，与对照处理相比，萌发6、24、48、72h后，2个品种水稻种子核磁信号幅值平均分别增长了65%、95%、115%和135%以上。萌发相同时间后，相比对照处理，NaCl和NaHCO₃胁迫处理下核磁信号幅值平均降低了5%以上，发芽指数平均降低了4.5%以上，说明水稻种子萌发过程水分含量与种子发芽指数呈正相关。不同浓度NaCl和NaHCO₃胁迫下，单位质量水稻种子核磁信号幅值和湿基含水率之间均具有一致的线性关系，R²均大于0.95。说明利用核磁共振技术测定盐、碱胁迫下水稻种子的水分含量是合理可靠的。

关键词: 核磁共振弛豫谱, 盐胁迫, 碱胁迫, 水稻种子, 湿基含水率

Abstract:

In order to study the change of moisture content and its effects on the rice seeds germination under salt and alkali stress, and the feasibility of using low field nuclear magnetic detection technology to determine seed moisture content, two varieties (Yanjing 48 and Liaoxing 1) of rice seeds were placed in culture dish with the solution of 50, 150mmol/L NaCl, NaHCO₃ and distilled water (control) respectively, nuclear magnetic resonance signal amplitude variation and effects of different solutions on germination characteristics were analyzed, and the regression equation was deduced between NMR signal amplitude per unit mass rice seed samples and the wet base moisture content. The results showed that the nuclear magnetic signal amplitudes of the two varieties of rice seeds increased by 65%, 95%, 115% and 135% respectively after seeds germination 6, 22, 48, and 72h compared with control treatment. After germination for the same time, the amplitude of NMR signal decreased by more than 5% under NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress, the germination index decreased by more than 4.5% compared with the control treatment, indicating that there was a positive correlation between moisture content and seed germination index. There was a consistent linear correlation between NMR signal amplitude per unit mass and the wet base moisture content under different NaCl and NaHCO₃ stress, R² were all greater than 0.95. The results showed that it was reasonable and reliable to measure the water content of rice seeds under salt and alkali stress by nuclear magnetic resonance technology.

Key words: Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation spectrum, Salt stress, Alkali stress, Rice seeds, Wet base moisture content

杨洪伟, 张丽颖, 李晓辉. 盐、碱胁迫下水稻种子萌发过程水分含量变化及对种子发芽影响的低场核磁检测研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2023 (4): 253–259

Yang Hongwei, Zhang Liying, Li Xiaohui. Research on the Moisture Content Variation and Influence to Rice Seed Germination under Salt and Alkali Stress by Low Field NMR[J]. Crops, 2023(4): 253–259

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水稻品种 Rice variety	处理 Treatment	溶液浓度 Solution concentration (mmol/L)	平均发芽时间 Mean germination time (d)	发芽指数 Germination index	发芽势 Germination potential (%)	发芽率 Germination percentage (%)
盐粳48 YJ48	对照	0	2.05±0.05cC	24.67±0.29aA	97.33±2.31aA	100.00±0.00aA
	NaCl胁迫	50	2.82±0.03bB	18.41±0.11bB	97.33±2.31aA	100.00±0.00aA
		150	3.05±0.05aAB	16.22±0.49cC	86.00±2.00bB	98.67±1.15aA
	NaHCO₃胁迫	50	2.99±0.08abAB	16.02±0.40cC	95.83±3.82aA	97.50±3.00abA
		150	3.19±0.19aA	14.28±0.40dD	88.33±1.44bB	94.17±4.00bA
辽星1 LX1	对照	0	2.50±0.04cC	20.89±0.18aA	90.48±2.36aA	98.00±0.00aA
	NaCl胁迫	50	3.05±0.04bB	16.37±0.37bB	92.56±1.26aA	98.00±2.00aA
		150	4.41±0.10aA	10.03±0.28dD	88.26±1.37cC	93.33±4.16bB
	NaHCO₃胁迫	50	3.38±0.05bB	14.28±0.21cC	92.50.±2.50aA	96.67±1.00aA
		150	4.53±0.07aA	9.82±0.17dD	38.33.±1.44bB	88.33±1.00cC

溶液 Solution	萌发时间 Germination time (h)	对照CK		50mmol/L		150mmol/L
溶液 Solution	萌发时间 Germination time (h)	A₂₁	A₂₂	A₂₁	A₂₂	A₂₁	A₂₂
NaCl	初始	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE
	6	7594.0±103.3dD	842.2±37.9dD	7331.2±95.4dD	829.5±31.9dD	7289.6±76.2dD	854.3±45.2dD
	24	8874.6±102.3cC	1052.7±29.8cC	8868.8±73.3cC	1026.0±46.4cC	8809.8±90.6cC	1028.5±51.5cC
	48	9248.3±132.1bB	1806.6±53.3bB	9319.0±73.9bB	1725.2±45.8bB	9510.3±73.5bB	1180.3±82.4bB
	72	9059.4±104.5aA	3023.0±151.1aA	9458.0±122.0aA	2523.1±132.5aA	9055.4±128.2aA	1979.9±80.1aA
NaHCO₃	初始	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE	4497.0±58.6eE	408.6±8.3eE
	6	7594.0±103.3dD	842.2±37.9dD	7394.4±85.6dD	846.2±42.1dD	7365.4±68.5dD	862.3±44.8dD
	24	8874.6±102.3cC	1052.7±29.8cC	8885.4±71.6cC	1039.9±43.2cC	8829.7±85.3cC	1040.3±50.2cC
	48	9248.3±132.1bB	1806.6±53.3bB	9307.1±72.8bB	1745.1±46.3bB	9103.2±65.3bB	1649.3±78.7bB
	72	9059.4±104.5aA	3023.0±151.1aA	9487.8±118.6aA	2568.3±127.5aA	9369.9±116.7aA	2082.8±76.8aA

溶液 Solution	萌发时间 Germination time (h)	对照CK		50mmol/L		150mmol/L
溶液 Solution	萌发时间 Germination time (h)	A₂₁	A₂₂	A₂₁	A₂₂	A₂₁	A₂₂
NaCl	初始	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE
	6	6890.9±86.5dD	708.3±32.8dD	6774.1±41.6dD	733.5±38.8dD	6733.5±107.6dD	743.2±22.4dD
	24	8062.9±68.6cC	806.4±50.7cC	8011.5±130.8cC	827.7±32.0cC	8013.9±93.7cC	824.5±27.0cC
	48	8970.2±80.2bB	1252.5±48.7bB	8668.3±103.9bB	1217.0±46.6bB	8756.7±138.2bB	983.0±25.6bB
	72	8603.4±116.1aA	2050.5±94.8aA	8920.2±134.8aA	1682.4±88.2aA	8918.4±51.3aA	1265.3±56.1aA
NaHCO₃	初始	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE	4381.1±49.0eE	267.4±4.0eE
	6	6890.9±86.5dD	708.3±32.8dD	6775.1±40.8dD	736.5±36.7dD	6747.5±98.6dD	746.2±20.8dD
	24	8062.9±68.6cC	806.4±50.7cC	8024.2±105.2cC	829.7±37.6cC	8021.5±89.2cC	828.0±22.5cC
	48	8970.2±80.2bB	1252.5±48.7bB	8717.7±98.2bB	1226.3±42.8bB	8790.4±125.6bB	1011.9±21.2bB
	72	8603.4±116.1aA	2050.5±94.8aA	8923.7±102.7aA	1701.3±75.9aA	8947.9±48.2aA	1274.5±20.9aA