Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 76-81.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.01.014

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Grain Dehydration Rate of Different Maize Varieties

Zhang Wenjie1,Wang Yonghong1,Wang Keru2,Zhao Jian1,Zhao Rulang1,Li Shaokun2   

  1. 1 Crop Research Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750105,Ningxia,China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2015-09-15 Revised:2015-12-09 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2018-08-25
  • Contact: Yonghong Wang

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Abstract:

In this study, we investigated grain moisture content and dehydration rate of grain, subtending leaf, cob from different maize cultivars of Zhengdan 958, Xianyu 335, Nonghua 101, Denghai 11, Zhongdan 909 and Zhengda 12. The results showed that grain moisture content, subtending leaf moisture content, cob moisture content were significant difference among different maize varieties, dehydration rate of grain was significant difference among different maize varieties. Grain moisture content was highly significantly positively related with that of subtending leaf and cob, with correlation coefficients of 0.777 and 0.267, respectively. Moisture content of subtending leaf was highly significantly positively related with that of cob, and the correlation coefficient was 0.312. Xianyu 335 and Nonghua 101 showed a faster dehydration and a longer rapid dehydration than that of other varieties in the prophase of grain dehydration. At harvest, rain moisture contents of the two varieties were 25.40% and 26.58%, respectively. Their characteristics conformed to the standard of mechanical harvesting grain, which cowld be used as standby varieties.

Key words: Maize, Grain, Grain moisture content, Dehydration rate, Mechanical harvesting grain

Table 1

The characteristics and yield of different varieties"

品种Variety 郑单958
Zhengdan 958		 先玉335
Xianyu 335		 农华101
Nonghua 101		 登海11 Denghai 11 中单909 Zhongdan 909 正大12 Zhengda 12
株高Plant height(cm) 281.52 352.67 350.07 346.87 278.78 321.03
穗位Ear height (cm) 130.97 133.53 123.95 154.08 127.70 147.28
穗长Ear length(cm) 16.78 18.19 16.84 18.88 17.94 18.15
穗粗Ear diameter (mm) 5.28 5.02 5.22 5.15 5.04 5.47
秃尖Bare tip length (cm) 0.30 1.32 0.74 1.64 0.71 0.84
粒型Grain shape 半马齿 半硬质 半马齿 马齿 半马齿 硬粒
粒色Grain color 黄 黄 黄 黄 黄 红黄
穗行数Ear rows 15.78 16.27 16.67 16.62 15.69 16.89
行粒数Kernels per row 33.64 34.89 32.64 34.73 34.82 34.71
粗淀粉Crude starch (%) 73.42 74.16 72.49 72.00 74.02 76.04
粗脂肪Crude fat（%） 3.92 4.08 3.10 5.09 3.46 4.34
粗蛋白Crude protein（%） 8.47 9.55 10.36 9.65 10.32 10.15
千粒重1000-grain weight（g） 415.51 423.11 400.94 344.92 402.52 402.03
出子率Kernel percentage（%） 88.86 88.10 86.29 86.72 88.84 80.40
生育期Growing stage（d） 138 136 136 136 138 141
产量Yield（kg/hm2） 16 503.0 17 208.2 16 789.7 14 565.7 15 774.8 16 859.2

Table 2

Variance analysis and multiple comparisons of grain moisture and grain dehydration rate in different varieties"

子粒含水量
Grain moisture		 子粒脱水速率
Grain dehydration rate（%/d）		 品种
Varieties		 子粒含水量
Grain moisture（%）
变异来源
Source		 自由度
df		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 变异来源
Source		 自由度
df		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均值
Mean		 0.01水平
0.01 level
取样时间 5 801.38 312.22** 阶段 4 0.97 7.72** 登海11 40.46 A
品种 5 60.51 23.58** 重复 2 0.05 0.41 正大12 39.76 AAB
取样时间×品种 25 18.07 7.04** 品种 5 0.43 3.37** 郑单958 38.76 AABB
重复 2 4.53 1.77 误差 78 0.13 中单909 38.38 AABBC
误差 70 2.57 总变异 89 农华101 37.17 BBCC
总变异 107 先玉335 35.37 CC

Table 3

Variance analysis for grain moisture and grain dehydration rate in different varieties"

性状
Trait		 变异来源
Source		 df 郑单958
Zhengdan 958		 先玉335
Xianyu 335		 农华101
Nonghua 101		 登海11
Denghai 11		 中单909
Zhongdan 909		 正大12
Zhengda 12
均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value
子粒 取样时间 5 96.97 94.70** 192.00 134.45** 169.51 402.84** 299.86 324.55** 58.73 6.63** 74.65 52.95**
含水量 重复 2 1.49 1.46 1.03 0.72 1.48 3.52 0.26 0.28 17.24 1.95 2.52 1.79
误差 10 1.02 1.43 0.42 0.92 8.86 1.41
子粒脱 阶段 4 0.25 4.14* 0.10 1.67 0.33 9.75** 0.63 15.50** 0.12 0.74 0.15 1.88
水速率 重复 2 0 0.01 0.01 0.23 0 0.05 0.01 0.23 0.29 1.78 0.01 0.07
误差 8 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.04 0.16 0.08

"

品种
Variety		 郑单958
Zhengdan 958		 先玉335
Xianyu 335		 农华101
Nonghua 101		 登海11
Denghai 11		 中单909
Zhongdan 909		 正大12
Zhengda 12
阶段Stage
1 0.9533A 0.7367AA 0.6667BB 1.4567A 0.6750AA 0.7500A
2 0.4300BB 0.6000AA 0.3833BBCC 0.3300C 0.4067AA 0.3633AABB
3 0.2033BB 0.4833AA 0.2233CC 0.7700BB 0.3200AA 0.4167AAB
4 0.2867BB 0.8300A 1.0933A 0.9400BB 0.8567A 0.3200AABB
5 0.4733B 0.3700AA 0.5233BBCC 0.3833CC 0.3650AA 0.0500BB
取样日期 Time
8-20 48.25A 46.52A 46.77A 55.84A 43.81A 47.97A
8-27 41.58B 41.36B 42.12B 45.63B 41.57AA 42.72B
9-03 38.58CC 37.17C 39.44C 43.31C 39.88AA 40.18C
9-10 37.16C 33.80D 37.89D 37.92D 38.73AAB 37.27DD
9-17 35.15D 27.99E 30.23E 31.35E 33.87BBC 35.36DD
9-24 31.83E 25.40F 26.58F 28.68F 32.42CC 35.02D

Fig.1

Dynamic development of grain dehydration rate in different varieties"

Table 5

Variance analysis and multiple comparisons of husk moisture and cob moisture in different varieties"

变异来源
Source		 苞叶含水量
Husk moisture		 穗轴含水量
Cob moisture		 苞叶含水量
Husk moisture		 穗轴含水量
Cob moisture
自由度
df		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 均方
MS		 F值
F-value		 品种
Varieties		 均值（%）
Mean		 品种
Varieties		 均值（%）
Mean
取样时间 5 2 118.25 46.48** 63.73 1.23 登海11 53.2A 先玉335 53.73A
品种 5 482.00 10.58** 577.54 11.11** 先玉335 54.26AB 农华101 61.66B
重复 2 28.85 0.63 34.54 0.66 农华101 58.23ABC 郑单958 64.8BC
误差 95 45.58 52.02 中单909 60.23BC 正大12 65.39BC
总变异 107 郑单958 61.91CD 登海11 65.49BC
正大12 67.21D 中单909 70.74C

Table 6

Correlation analysis of grain dehydration rate in different traits"

性状
Trait		 穗轴含水量
Cob moisture		 苞叶含水量
Husk moisture		 苞叶脱水速率
Husk dehydration rate		 穗轴脱水速率
Cob dehydration rate		 子粒含水量
Grain moisture		 子粒脱水速率
Grain dehydration rate
穗轴含水量 1 0.312** 0.153 0.490** 0.267** 0.023
苞叶含水量 0.312** 1 0.313** 0.180 0.777** 0.167
苞叶脱水速率 0.153 0.313** 1 0.331** 0.067 0.171
穗轴脱水速率 0.490** 0.180 0.331** 1 0.040 -0.061
子粒含水量 0.267** 0.777** 0.067 0.040 1 0.492**
子粒脱水速率 0.023 0.167 0.171 -0.061 0.492** 1
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