Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 68-72.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.03.013

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Effects of Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Maize

Chen Yanping,Kong Lingjie,Zhao Wenming,Liu Ruixiang,Zhang Meijing,Zheng Fei,Meng Qingchang,Yuan Jianhua   

  1. Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2016-02-04 Revised:2016-04-14 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Jianhua Yuan

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Abstract:

To provide a theoretical basis for suitable plant density and high-yielding cultivation of new varieties, the effects of planting density on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield under different density treatments (6.00, 6.75, 7.50, 8.25 and 9.00×10 4 plants/hm 2, respectively) were conducted in field using three maize hybrids (Suyu 20, Suyu 29 and Zhengdan 958) as materials. The results showed that the yield increased firstly and then decreased with density increasing, and plant height, ear height, LAI increased gradually while leaf area per plant and net photosynthetic rate of ear leaf decreased gradually. The highest yield (8 264, 8 792, 7 194kg/hm 2 of Suyu 20, Suyu 29 and Zhengdan 958, respectively) was achieved at 7.50×10 4 plants/hm 2 and the higher leaf area and photosynthetic capacity were the important reasons for obtaining high yield. In this experiment, the highest yield of Suyu 20 and Suyu 29 was higher than that of Zhengdan 958. Possible reason was speculated that Zhengdan 958 was not suitable for summer cultivation in central and southern area of Jiangsu.

Key words: Maize, Variety, Planting density, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

Fig.1

Effects of different plant density on grain yield of maize Different letters above the column indicate significantly different among different plant density at 0.05 level, the same below"

Table 1

Effects of different plant density on ear characters of maize"

品种
Variety		 种植密度(万株/hm2)
Planting density		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 穗粗(cm)
Ear diameter		 秃尖长(cm)
Bale length		 千粒重(g)
1000-kernel weight		 穗粒数
Kernel number per ear
苏玉20
Suyu 20		 D1 6.00 19.79a 5.20a 0.21d 308.9a 505.7a
D2 6.75 19.20ab 5.17a 0.27d 285.1b 496.8ab
D3 7.50 18.46bc 5.10ab 0.37c 275.0c 477.9ab
D4 8.25 17.90cd 5.03ab 0.50b 256.8d 466.8bc
D5 9.00 17.21d 4.97b 0.70a 243.4e 441.8c
苏玉29
Suyu 29		 D1 6.00 20.06a 5.20a 0.20d 298.2a 529.1a
D2 6.75 18.77b 5.10ab 0.30c 296.0a 503.0ab
D3 7.50 18.17bc 5.07ab 0.37c 288.7a 489.7bc
D4 8.25 17.71cd 5.03ab 0.47b 261.2b 458.5c
D5 9.00 17.16d 5.00b 0.57a 250.8c 423.3d
郑单958 Zhengdan 958 D1 6.00 17.37a 4.99a 0.27d 254.8a 502.0a
D2 6.75 16.80ab 4.97ab 0.40d 242.9b 491.3a
D3 7.50 16.43abc 4.87abc 0.63c 237.5b 475.0ab
D4 8.25 15.47bc 4.80bc 0.87b 219.3c 456.6bc
D5 9.00 14.71c 4.73c 1.20a 189.8d 428.6c
F值 品种Variety 66.52** 25.5** 35.20** 112.99** 1.32
F value 密度Density 25.45** 8.26** 45.31** 147.46** 29.95**
密度×品种Density×Variety 0.32 0.22 4.00** 3.23* 0.74

Table 2

Effects of different plant density on the plant height and ear height of maize"

品种
Variety		 种植密度(万株/hm2)
Planting density		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗位(cm)
Ear height
苏玉20
Suyu 20		 D1 6.00 211.5c 94.3cd
D2 6.75 211.9c 95.1c
D3 7.50 213.1b 95.8bc
D4 8.25 213.8ab 96.5ab
D5 9.00 214.6a 97.3a
苏玉29
Suyu 29		 D1 6.00 211.3c 97.1d
D2 6.75 212.5bc 97.6d
D3 7.50 212.9b 98.3c
D4 8.25 213.8b 99.0b
D5 9.00 215.1a 99.9a
郑单958
Zhengdan 958		 D1 6.00 209.4c 93.0d
D2 6.75 210.8bc 93.9cd
D3 7.50 211.6b 94.7bc
D4 8.25 213.2a 95.4ab
D5 9.00 214.2a 96.0a
F值 品种Variety 3.0 14.0**
F value 密度Density 8.3** 3.0*
密度×品种
Density×Variety		 0.2
 0.1

Table 3

Effects of different planting density on the leaf area, tri-ear-leaf area and LAI of maize at silking stage"

品种Variety 种植密度Planting density(万株/hm2) 单株叶面积Leaf area(cm2/株) 棒三叶叶面积Tri-fruit-leaf area (cm2/株) 叶面积指数LAI
苏玉20 D1 6.00 7 795a 2 199a 4.68e
Suyu 20 D2 6.75 7 461b 2 126ab 5.04d
D3 7.50 7 157bc 2 092bc 5.37c
D4 8.25 6 886cd 2 055bc 5.68b
D5 9.00 6 600d 2 018c 5.94a
苏玉29 D1 6.00 7 713a 2 010a 4.63e
Suyu 29 D2 6.75 7 592a 1 937b 5.12d
D3 7.50 7 412b 1 857c 5.56c
D4 8.25 7 144c 1 826c 5.89b
D5 9.00 6 766d 1 732d 6.09a
郑单958 D1 6.00 5 597a 1 599a 3.36d
Zhengdan 958 D2 6.75 5 453ab 1 541b 3.68d
D3 7.50 5 237bc 1 500c 3.93c
D4 8.25 5 081cd 1 441d 4.19b
D5 9.00 4 849d 1 330e 4.36a
F值 品种Variety 727.63** 421.45** 616.95**
F value 密度Density 46.47** 22.06** 122.39**
密度×品种Density×Variety 1.09 0.55 1.62

Fig.3

Effects of different plant density on the Pn of ear leaf of maize"

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