Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 68-72.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.03.013

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Planting Density on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Maize

Chen Yanping,Kong Lingjie,Zhao Wenming,Liu Ruixiang,Zhang Meijing,Zheng Fei,Meng Qingchang,Yuan Jianhua   

  1. Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China
  • Received:2016-02-04 Revised:2016-04-14 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Jianhua Yuan

RichHTML

4

PDF (PC)

285

Abstract:

To provide a theoretical basis for suitable plant density and high-yielding cultivation of new varieties, the effects of planting density on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield under different density treatments (6.00, 6.75, 7.50, 8.25 and 9.00×10 4 plants/hm 2, respectively) were conducted in field using three maize hybrids (Suyu 20, Suyu 29 and Zhengdan 958) as materials. The results showed that the yield increased firstly and then decreased with density increasing, and plant height, ear height, LAI increased gradually while leaf area per plant and net photosynthetic rate of ear leaf decreased gradually. The highest yield (8 264, 8 792, 7 194kg/hm 2 of Suyu 20, Suyu 29 and Zhengdan 958, respectively) was achieved at 7.50×10 4 plants/hm 2 and the higher leaf area and photosynthetic capacity were the important reasons for obtaining high yield. In this experiment, the highest yield of Suyu 20 and Suyu 29 was higher than that of Zhengdan 958. Possible reason was speculated that Zhengdan 958 was not suitable for summer cultivation in central and southern area of Jiangsu.

Key words: Maize, Variety, Planting density, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

Fig.1

Effects of different plant density on grain yield of maize Different letters above the column indicate significantly different among different plant density at 0.05 level, the same below"

Table 1

Effects of different plant density on ear characters of maize"

品种
Variety		 种植密度(万株/hm2)
Planting density		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 穗粗(cm)
Ear diameter		 秃尖长(cm)
Bale length		 千粒重(g)
1000-kernel weight		 穗粒数
Kernel number per ear
苏玉20
Suyu 20		 D1 6.00 19.79a 5.20a 0.21d 308.9a 505.7a
D2 6.75 19.20ab 5.17a 0.27d 285.1b 496.8ab
D3 7.50 18.46bc 5.10ab 0.37c 275.0c 477.9ab
D4 8.25 17.90cd 5.03ab 0.50b 256.8d 466.8bc
D5 9.00 17.21d 4.97b 0.70a 243.4e 441.8c
苏玉29
Suyu 29		 D1 6.00 20.06a 5.20a 0.20d 298.2a 529.1a
D2 6.75 18.77b 5.10ab 0.30c 296.0a 503.0ab
D3 7.50 18.17bc 5.07ab 0.37c 288.7a 489.7bc
D4 8.25 17.71cd 5.03ab 0.47b 261.2b 458.5c
D5 9.00 17.16d 5.00b 0.57a 250.8c 423.3d
郑单958 Zhengdan 958 D1 6.00 17.37a 4.99a 0.27d 254.8a 502.0a
D2 6.75 16.80ab 4.97ab 0.40d 242.9b 491.3a
D3 7.50 16.43abc 4.87abc 0.63c 237.5b 475.0ab
D4 8.25 15.47bc 4.80bc 0.87b 219.3c 456.6bc
D5 9.00 14.71c 4.73c 1.20a 189.8d 428.6c
F值 品种Variety 66.52** 25.5** 35.20** 112.99** 1.32
F value 密度Density 25.45** 8.26** 45.31** 147.46** 29.95**
密度×品种Density×Variety 0.32 0.22 4.00** 3.23* 0.74

Table 2

Effects of different plant density on the plant height and ear height of maize"

品种
Variety		 种植密度(万株/hm2)
Planting density		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗位(cm)
Ear height
苏玉20
Suyu 20		 D1 6.00 211.5c 94.3cd
D2 6.75 211.9c 95.1c
D3 7.50 213.1b 95.8bc
D4 8.25 213.8ab 96.5ab
D5 9.00 214.6a 97.3a
苏玉29
Suyu 29		 D1 6.00 211.3c 97.1d
D2 6.75 212.5bc 97.6d
D3 7.50 212.9b 98.3c
D4 8.25 213.8b 99.0b
D5 9.00 215.1a 99.9a
郑单958
Zhengdan 958		 D1 6.00 209.4c 93.0d
D2 6.75 210.8bc 93.9cd
D3 7.50 211.6b 94.7bc
D4 8.25 213.2a 95.4ab
D5 9.00 214.2a 96.0a
F值 品种Variety 3.0 14.0**
F value 密度Density 8.3** 3.0*
密度×品种
Density×Variety		 0.2
 0.1

Table 3

Effects of different planting density on the leaf area, tri-ear-leaf area and LAI of maize at silking stage"

品种Variety 种植密度Planting density(万株/hm2) 单株叶面积Leaf area(cm2/株) 棒三叶叶面积Tri-fruit-leaf area (cm2/株) 叶面积指数LAI
苏玉20 D1 6.00 7 795a 2 199a 4.68e
Suyu 20 D2 6.75 7 461b 2 126ab 5.04d
D3 7.50 7 157bc 2 092bc 5.37c
D4 8.25 6 886cd 2 055bc 5.68b
D5 9.00 6 600d 2 018c 5.94a
苏玉29 D1 6.00 7 713a 2 010a 4.63e
Suyu 29 D2 6.75 7 592a 1 937b 5.12d
D3 7.50 7 412b 1 857c 5.56c
D4 8.25 7 144c 1 826c 5.89b
D5 9.00 6 766d 1 732d 6.09a
郑单958 D1 6.00 5 597a 1 599a 3.36d
Zhengdan 958 D2 6.75 5 453ab 1 541b 3.68d
D3 7.50 5 237bc 1 500c 3.93c
D4 8.25 5 081cd 1 441d 4.19b
D5 9.00 4 849d 1 330e 4.36a
F值 品种Variety 727.63** 421.45** 616.95**
F value 密度Density 46.47** 22.06** 122.39**
密度×品种Density×Variety 1.09 0.55 1.62

Fig.3

Effects of different plant density on the Pn of ear leaf of maize"

[1] Duvick D N . The contribution of breeding to yield advances in maize (Zea mays L.). Advances in Agronomy, 2005,86:83-145.
doi: 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)86002-X
[2] 张世煌, 徐伟平, 李明顺 , 等. 玉米育种面临的机遇和挑战. 玉米科学, 2008,16(6):1-5.
[3] 赵明, 李建国, 张宾 , 等. 论作物高产挖潜的补偿机制. 作物学报, 2006,32(10):1566-1572.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0496-3490.2006.10.023
[4] 王空军, 董树亭, 胡昌浩 , 等. 我国1950s-1990s推广的玉米品种叶片光合特性演进规律研究. 植物生态学报, 2001,25(2):247-251.
[5] 李潮海, 刘奎 . 不同产量水平玉米杂交种生育后期光合效率比较分析. 作物学报, 2002,28(3):379-383.
[6] 靳立斌, 张吉旺, 李波 , 等. 高产高效夏玉米的冠层结构及其光合特性. 中国农业科学, 2013,46(12):2430-2439.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.12.004
[7] 吕丽华, 陶洪斌, 夏来坤 , 等. 不同种植密度下的夏玉米冠层结构及光合特性. 作物学报, 2008,34(3):447-455.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00447
[8] 唐海涛, 张彪, 田玉秀 , 等. 玉米杂交种棒三叶光合性状比较研究. 玉米科学, 2009,17(2):86-90.
[9] 王创云, 赵丽, 王陆军 , 等.玉米不同种植密度对叶片光合性能及产量的影响.作物杂志,2013(3):96-98.
[10] 肖鑫辉, 李向华, 刘洋 , 等. 种植密度对高产夏玉米登海661产量及干物质积累与分配的影响. 作物学报, 2011,37(7):1301-1307.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.01301
[11] 杨国虎, 李新, 王承莲 , 等. 种植密度影响玉米产量及部分产量相关性状的研究. 西北农业学报, 2006,15(5):57-60,64.
[12] 张娟, 王立功, 刘爱民 , 等.种植密度对不同玉米品种产量和灌浆进程的影响.作物杂志,2009(3):40-43.
[13] 侯月, 王鹏文 . 玉米种植密度对其产量及穗部性状的影响. 天津农业科学, 2014,20(6):94-96.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2014.06.023
[14] 勾玲, 黄建军, 张宾 , 等. 群体密度对玉米茎秆抗倒力学和农艺性状的影响. 作物学报, 2007,33(10):1688-1695.
[15] 汤国民, 龙丽萍, 夏德君 , 等. 玉米穗高系数对产量性状的影响. 青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,19(2):95-97.
[16] 胡昌浩, 董树亭 . 高产夏玉米群体光合速率与产量关系的研究. 作物学报, 1993,19(1):63-69.
[17] 周旭梅, 高旭东, 何晶 . 种植密度对玉米产量及植株性状的影响. 玉米科学, 2012,20(3):107-110.
[18] 赵可夫 . 玉米抽雄后不同叶位叶对籽粒产量的影响及其光合性能. 作物学报, 1981,7(4):259-266.
[19] 齐延芳, 许方佐, 周柱华 , 等. 种植密度对玉米鲁原单22光合作用的影响. 核农学报, 2004,18(1):14-17.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8551.2004.01.004
[20] 陈传永, 侯海鹏, 李强 , 等. 种植密度对不同玉米品种叶片光合特性与碳、氮变化的影响. 作物学报, 2010,36(5):871-878.
[21] 徐田军, 刘秀芝, 赵久然 , 等.密度和播期对京单68冠层结构和产量的影响.作物杂志,2014(6):76-80.
[1] Zhao Xin, Chen Shaofeng, Wang Hui, . Research on the Yield and Quality of Different Tartaty#br# Buckwheat Varieties in Northern Shanxi Area [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 27-32.
[2] Chen Guangzhou, Wang Guangfu, Qu Jianzhou, Si Leiyong, . Study on Grain Dehydration Rate and#br# Correlation Analysis of Major Related#br# Characters in Different Maize Inbred Lines [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 33-39.
[3] Su Guihua, Li Chunlei, Su Yichen. Evaluation of 22 Main Popularized Varieties#br# by Variety Regional Trails in Jilin Province [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 63-70.
[4] Zhang Xiangyu, Li Hai, Liang Haiyan, . Effects of Different Row Spacing and Planting Density#br# on the Growth Characteristics and Yield of Millet [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 91-96.
[5] Wu Ronghua, Zhuang Kezhang, Liu Peng, Zhang Chunyan. Response of Summer Maize Yield to#br# Meteorological Factors in Lunan Region [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 104-109.
[6] Su Feifei, Zhang Jinghua, Li Yong, Liu Shangwu, Liu Zhenyu, Wang Shaopeng, Wan Shuming, Chen Xi, Gao Yunfei, Hu Linshuang, Lü Dianqiu. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on#br# Physiological Characteristics and Water#br# Use Efficiency of Potato [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 97-103.
[7] Zhang Ruidong, Cao Xiong, Yue Zhongxiao, . Effects of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Grain#br# Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 110-115.
[8] An Xia, Zhang Haijun, Jiang Fangshan, Lü Lianjie, Chen Jun. Effects of Different Sowing Dates and Sowing#br# Densities on the Population Structure and#br# Yield of Two Spike Type Winter Wheats [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 132-136.
[9] Li Shaokun, Zhang Wanxu, Wang Keru, Han Dongsheng, . Study on Maize Mechanical Grain#br# Harvest in Northern Xinjiang [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 127-131.
[10] Gao Wenjun, Yang Guoyi, Gao Xinzhong, Yu Zhu, . The Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, or Potassium#br# Fertilizer on the Yield and Silage Quality of Maize [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 144-149.
[11] Wang Xiaolin, Ji Xiaoling, Zhang Panpan, Zhang Xiong, Zhang Jing. Correlation Analysis between Aboveground Biomass#br# Allocation and Grain Yield in Different Varieties of#br# Foxtail Millet in the Dry Land of Loess Plateau [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 150-155.
[12] Hongyan Li,Yonghong Wang,Rulang Zhao,Wenjie Zhang,Bo Ming,Ruizhi Xie,Keru Wang,Lulu Li,Shang Gao,Shaokun Li. The Construction and Application of Maize Grain Dehydration Model in Yellow River Irrigation and Pumping Irrigation District in Ningxia [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 149-153.
[13] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121-125.
[14] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126-130.
[15] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138-142.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102 -105 .
[3] Xuefang Huang,Mingjing Huang,Huatao Liu,Cong Zhao,Juanling Wang. Effects of Annual Precipitation and Population Density on Tiller-Earing and Yield of Zhangzagu 5 under Film Mulching and Hole Sowing[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 106 -113 .
[4] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[5] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[6] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[7] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126 -130 .
[8] Pengjin Zhu,Xinhua Pang,Chun Liang,Qinliang Tan,Lin Yan,Quanguang Zhou,Kewei Ou. Effects of Cold Stress on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Sugarcane Seedlings[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 131 -137 .
[9] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138 -142 .
[10] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143 -148 .