夏玉米粒收质量及水分利用效率的化学调控效应研究

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.025

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of chemical regulating on water use efficiency (WUE) and grain harvest quality in summer maize were investigated under different irrigation treatments. Two popular maize varieties (Denghai 605 and Yudan 9953) were selected as experimental materials. Meanwhile, two factors, irrigation methods and plant growth regulator scheduling patterns were set. Plant growth regulator treatments included 8-9 leaves spraying regulator (Duntianbao, HK) and Control i.e. spray the same amount of water (CK). Irrigation treatments were comprised of 25mm (W1), 45mm (W2), 65mm (W3). The fixed irrigation was started when the soil moisture reached 70% field capacity and randomized complete block design was adopted. The results showed that compared to CK, the HK treatment decreased the mean of bare tip length and total loss rate by 12.08% and 7.78%, in contrast, increased 100-kernel weight and WUE_Y by 4.88% and 3.65%, respectively. Irrigation had extremely significant effects on yield, WUE_Y, total loss mass and total loss rate. Chemical regulation obviously interacted with irrigation to control grain broken rate of Yudan 9953. There is positive significant correlation between Grain moisture content and evapotranspiration with the correlation coefficients of 0.885 (Denghai 605) and 0.872 (Yudan 9953) as well as significantly or extremely significantly correlated with soil water content of 0.527 (Denghai 605) and 0.683 (Yudan 9953). It was concluded that 8-9 leaves spraying regulator, irrigating when the soil moisture content reached 65%-70% field capacity and spraying irrigation 45mm were the optimal recommendation of summer maize for the well-irrigated regions of Huang-Huai Plain.

Key words: Plant growth regulator, Sprinkler, Maize, Water consumption rate, Grain moisture content

Liu Jian, Sun Bin, Zhang Weiqiang, Feng Xiaoxi, Zhang Jiyang, Ning Dongfeng, Qin Anzhen, Liu Zhandong, Qiao Miao, Shen Hongli, Xu Yan. Effects of Chemical Regulating on Grain Harvest Quality and Water Use Efficiency in Summer Maize[J].Crops, 2020, 36(3): 161-168.

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References 30

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植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	登海605 Denghai 605					豫单9953 Yudan 9953
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	穗长 Ear length (cm)	穗粗 Ear diameter (cm)	秃尖长 Bare tip length (cm)	百粒重 100-kernel weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	穗长 Ear length (cm)	穗粗 Ear diameter (cm)	秃尖长 Bare tip length (cm)	百粒重 100-kernel weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)
HK	W1	19.8±0.4d	3.27±0.06c	1.25±0.05d	28.13±0.72d	9 652±109d	16.5±0.3b	4.11±0.08b	0.39±0.03c	24.1±0.8c	9 085±156c
	W2	21.9±0.2a	4.14±0.10a	1.05±0.08e	34.47±0.41a	11 484±320a	17.3±0.2a	4.25±0.06a	0.31±0.01c	29.5±0.6a	10 773±383a
	W3	20.6±0.2c	4.10±0.05ab	1.51±0.04b	32.43±0.90bc	10 343±248c	17.0±0.2a	4.01±0.02c	0.51±0.04b	28.2±1.1ab	9 683±216b
CK	W1	19.0±0.3e	3.25±0.03c	1.43±0.07c	26.60±1.36e	9 453±112d	16.5±0.4b	4.04±0.03bc	0.49±0.02b	21.7±0.9d	8 887±317c
	W2	21.5±0.3b	4.11±0.09ab	1.22±0.05d	33.13±0.69ab	11 002±241b	16.9±0.2ab	4.19±0.05a	0.35±0.05c	28.7±1.4a	10 502±220a
	W3	19.8±0.2d	4.08±0.06b	1.63±0.04a	31.53±0.64c	10 271±421c	17.3±0.1a	3.97±0.10c	0.59±0.02a	26.9±0.7b	9 803±412b
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator (R)		102.86^**	6.78^**	301.54^**	10.68^**	6.16^*	0.01	6.62^*	12.14^**	14.01^**	1.41
灌水量Irrigation (I)		408.94^**	4 421.70^**	792.43^**	99.33^**	93.59^**	13.98^**	41.52^**	38.13^**	86.64^**	93.85^**
植物生长调节剂×灌水量R×I		3.17	0.02	5.60	0.24	1.43	4.24^*	0.13	0.81	1.36	1.48

植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	登海605 Denghai 605				豫单9953 Yudan 9953
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	籽粒破碎率 Grain broken rate (%)	杂质率 Impurity rate (%)	总损失量 Total loss mass (kg/hm²)	总损失率 Total loss rate (%)	籽粒破碎率 Grain broken rate (%)	杂质率 Impurity rate (%)	总损失量 Total loss mass (kg/hm²)	总损失率 Total loss rate (%)
HK	W1	4.22±0.3c	1.64±0.6b	281±13cd	2.91±0.16b	3.63±0.10d	1.02±0.09e	196±17bc	2.15±0.17a
	W2	5.46±0.4b	2.56±0.3a	265±19d	2.31±0.15d	4.18±0.22c	1.35±0.11c	178±12c	1.65±0.10b
	W3	5.61±0.3b	3.10±0.3a	313±12ab	3.03±0.24ab	4.52±0.15b	1.59±0.13b	210±9ab	2.17±0.21a
CK	W1	4.17±0.2c	1.82±0.2b	299±21bc	3.16±0.21ab	3.59±0.31d	1.07±0.07d	204±15b	2.29±0.22a
	W2	5.09±0.3b	3.05±0.3a	289±12bcd	2.62±0.10c	4.12±0.25c	1.39±0.10c	192±11bc	1.83±0.18b
	W3	6.27±0.5a	2.72±0.4a	327±10a	3.19±0.08a	4.76±0.19a	1.65±0.03a	229±13a	2.33±0.16a
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator (R)		0.18	0.37	8.30^*	13.91^**	2.46	14.50^**	6.85^*	7.56^*
灌水量Irrigation (I)		51.30^**	20.50^**	16.15^**	39.53^**	376.80^**	601.70^**	15.30^**	33.78^**
植物生长调节剂×灌水量R×I		3.20	2.16	0.20	0.51	10.38^**	0.13	0.39	0.05

植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	登海605 Denghai 605				豫单9953 Yudan 9953
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator	灌水量 Irrigation	耗水量 Water consumption (mm)	产量水分利用效率 Yield water use efficiency (kg/m³)	叶片水分利用效率 Leaf water use efficiency (μmol/mmol)	籽粒含水率 Grain moisture content (%)	耗水量 Water consumption (mm)	产量水分利用效率 Yield water use efficiency(kg/m³)	叶片水分利用效率 Leaf water use efficiency (μmol/mmol)	籽粒含水率 Grain moisture content (%)
HK	W1	337±11d	2.86±0.06bc	5.6±0.2a	23.3±0.6d	296±18d	3.07±0.05b	6.2±0.3a	20.4±1.2c
	W2	374±9c	3.07±0.04a	5.1±0.1b	25.4±0.8c	330±12c	3.26±0.06a	5.7±0.1bc	23.0±0.3ab
	W3	389±5b	2.66±0.06de	5.2±0.1b	27.5±0.9a	360±8a	2.68±0.14d	5.3±0.1c	24.0±0.5a
CK	W1	341±13d	2.78±0.09cd	5.5±0.1a	24.2±0.6d	303±11d	2.93±0.03c	6.0±0.2ab	21.0±0.9c
	W2	378±4c	2.91±0.06b	4.9±0.1b	26.2±1.0bc	332±14c	3.16±0.09ab	5.6±0.2bc	22.5±0.2b
	W3	397±2a	2.59±0.10e	5.0±0.2b	27.3±0.4ab	376±20a	2.61±0.09d	5.3±0.1c	23.9±0.6a
植物生长调节剂 Plant growth regulator (R)		18.72^**	11.22^**	1.90	2.55	6.00^*	8.85^*	0.40	1.40
灌水量Irrigation (I)		694.10^**	43.54^**	13.50^**	47.58^**	145.50^**	90.23^**	17.08^**	81.20^**
植物生长调节剂×灌水量R×I		1.03	0.72	0.02	1.57	1.50	0.20	0.13	0.70

参数 Variable	籽粒含水率 Grain moisture content	籽粒破碎率 Grain broken rate	土壤含水率 Soil moisture content	耗水量 Water consumption	杂质率 Impurity rate	总损失量 Total loss mass	总损失率 Total loss rate
籽粒破碎率Grain broken rate	0.771^（0.891^）
土壤含水率Soil moisture content	0.527^（0.683^*）	-0.508^（0.587^）
耗水量Water consumption	0.885^（0.872^）	-0.937^（0.906^）	-0.604^（0.600^）
杂质率Impurity rate	0.772^（0.901^）	-0.655^（0.759^）	-0.378（0.690^**）	0.702^（0.823^）
总损失量Total loss mass	0.490^*（0.290）	-0.441（0.468）	-0.175（0.226）	0.541^（0.528^）	-0.210（0.312）
总损失率Total loss rate	0.083（-0.072）	-0.017（0.051）	-0.043（0.076）	0.102（0.126）	-0.187（-0.082）	-0.837^（0.867^）
产量Yield	0.385（0.476^*）	-0.515^*（0.463）	-0.265（0.127）	0.415（0.395）	-0.537^（0.515^）	-0.324（-0.388）	-0.786^（-0.794^）

Effects of Chemical Regulating on Grain Harvest Quality and Water Use Efficiency in Summer Maize

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