Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 124-129.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.017

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Responses of Broomcorn Prosomillet Growth, Yield and Soil Environment to Different Film-Mulching Planting Patterns in Dryland

Zhang Xiaojuan(), Zhang Shangpei, Cheng Bingwen(), Luo Shiwu, Wang Yong, Yang Junxue, Wang Xiaojun   

  1. Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia, China
  • Received:2020-05-29 Revised:2020-12-30 Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-16
  • Contact: Cheng Bingwen E-mail:elizabeth2006love@163.com;nxgycbw@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore effective cultivation measures suitable for the production of broomcorn prosomillet in dryland in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia, and to provide theoretical basis for the development of the prosomillet industry, a research work was conducted based on the analysis of growth period, agronomic traits, yield and vertical distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and soil enzyme activity under the three different patterns for two consecutive years. We chose three film-mulching planting patterns (ridge planting mode, furrow planting mode and ridging film-mulching mode) as the research objects, and took the flat planting with no film mulching for control. The results showed the ridging film-mulching mode increased the plant height, biomass of broomcorn prosomillet, and shortened the growth period of broomcorn prosomillet significantly, and led to a greater accumulation of dry matter throughout the growing season than other treatments, therefore, the ridging film-mulching mode significantly increased the yield of broomcorn prosomillet. The film-covered planting improved the contents of soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the soil organic carbon in 0-40cm soil layers significantly, and the contents of C, N, P decreased gradually with deeper soil layers. The activity of soil urease was improved significantly by film-mulching planting patterns in 0-20cm soil layers, the effects of ridging film-mulching mode on the overall soil fertility and yield of broomcorn prosomillet was most obvious. The ridging film-mulching mode improved soil hydrothermal conditions, enhanced soil enzyme activity, promoted the circulation of nutrients in the soil and improved soil fertility, which was an effective cultivation measure suitable for the production of prosomillet in the arid and semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia.

Key words: Prosomillet, Growth, Yield, Soil, Film-mulching planting

Table 1

The growth stages of prosomillet under different treatments 月-日 month-day"

处理Treatment 播种期Sowing 出苗期Emergence 拔节期Jointing 抽穗期Tasseling 成熟期Maturity 生育期Growth period (d)
CK 5-18 5-30 7-05 7-26 8-26 88
RM 5-18 5-30 7-05 7-22 8-22 84
FM 5-18 5-30 7-05 7-20 8-22 84
RFM 5-18 5-30 7-05 7-18 8-20 82

Fig.1

Variation of plant height of prosomillet under different treatments"

Table 2

Variation of dry matter accumulation and gross weight/dry weight of prosomillet under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 出苗期Emergence 拔节期Jointing 抽穗期Tasseling 成熟期Maturity
干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation (g)		 鲜干比
Gross weight/
dry weight		 干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation (g)		 鲜干比
Gross weight/
dry weight		 干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation (g)		 鲜干比
Gross weight/
dry weight		 干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation (g)		 鲜干比
Gross weight/
dry weight
CK 0.6C 5.44D 2.3C 4.26D 5.3C 4.74A 11.2D 1.68A
RM 1.2A 5.71C 2.8A 3.79C 6.6B 3.97C 15.9B 1.55B
FM 0.7B 5.75B 2.4B 4.29B 6.2A 3.97C 15.8C 1.53C
RFM 1.2A 6.57A 2.8A 4.39A 6.6A 4.15B 16.0A 1.53C

Table 3

The contents of soil organic carbon, total N, total P and enzyme activities of prosomillet under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 土层深度
Soil depth
(cm)		 土壤养分Soil nutrient (g/kg) 酶活性Enzyme activity
有机碳
Organic carbon		 全氮
Total N		 全磷
Total P		 过氧化氢酶
Catalase [mg/(g·min)]		 脲酶
Urease [mg/(g·24h)]		 蔗糖酶
Invertase [mg/(g·24h)]
CK 0~10 5.55B 0.62B 0.67B 0.36B 0.269B 24.67B
10~20 6.21A 0.72A 0.69A 0.36B 0.311A 33.22A
20~40 4.35C 0.58C 0.60D 0.36B 0.270C 21.78C
40~60 3.23D 0.47D 0.56F 0.37A 0.212E 20.39D
60~80 2.37E 0.25E 0.57E 0.35C 0.216D 1.82F
80~100 2.21F 0.30F 0.61C 0.36B 0.102F 1.86E
平均Mean 3.61 0.45 0.61 0.36 0.230 14.96
RM 0~10 5.95B 0.76A 0.71B 0.38A 0.290B 25.64B
10~20 6.78A 0.76A 0.72A 0.37B 0.324A 42.15A
20~40 4.27C 0.62B 0.62E 0.36C 0.250D 10.26C
40~60 3.08D 0.49C 0.58F 0.35D 0.256C 2.16E
60~80 2.20E 0.33D 0.68C 0.34E 0.169E 1.36F
80~100 2.06F 0.28E 0.66D 0.32F 0.161F 2.17D
平均Mean 3.59 0.50 0.65 0.35 0.242 9.97
FM 0~10 6.49A 0.77B 0.72A 0.37A 0.299B 35.92A
10~20 5.99B 0.79A 0.72A 0.37A 0.359A 26.45B
20~40 4.76C 0.76C 0.63B 0.36B 0.266D 11.59C
40~60 3.14D 0.51D 0.62C 0.37A 0.285C 1.79D
60~80 2.45F 0.39E 0.56D 0.37A 0.202F 1.57E
80~100 2.97E 0.30F 0.63B 0.37A 0.252E 1.12F
平均Mean 3.91 0.55 0.63 0.37 0.277 9.45
RFM 0~10 4.92C 0.65C 0.67C 0.35C 0.319B 22.81B
10~20 5.61A 0.70A 0.71A 0.36B 0.337A 27.38A
20~40 5.02B 0.67B 0.69B 0.38A 0.283C 15.35C
40~60 2.75D 0.49D 0.60D 0.36B 0.196E 1.74E
60~80 2.33E 0.35E 0.59E 0.36B 0.187F 0.99F
80~100 1.95F 0.33F 0.59E 0.33D 0.219D 2.54D
平均Mean 3.46 0.50 0.63 0.36 0.257 9.15

Fig.2

Yield of prosomillet under different treatments"

Table 4

Correlation analysis between yield and dry matter accumulation of prosomillet"

项目
Item		 出苗期
Emergence		 拔节期
Jointing		 抽穗期
Tasseling		 成熟期
Maturity
产量Yield 0.843 0.853 0.997** 0.975*
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