Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 57-64.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.01.008

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Genetic Diversity Analysis of 45 Glutinous Sorghum Germplasms Based on Major Agronomic Traits and SSR Markers

Sun Yuantao1,2(), Long Wenjing1,2, Li Yuan1,2, Liu Tianpeng1,2, Zhao Ganlin1,2, Ding Guoxiang1,2, Ni Xianlin1,2()   

  1. 1Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, Sichuan, China
    2Sichuan Branch of Chinese National Center for Sorghum Improvement, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2022-06-05 Revised:2022-07-25 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-20
  • Contact: Ni Xianlin E-mail:744233527@qq.com;xianlinn@163.com

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Abstract:

Glutinous sorghum is an important raw material for brewing high-quality liquor. In order to excavate high quality glutinous sorghum resource materials, ten main agronomic traits of 45 glutinous sorghum germplasm resources from different sources were analyzed, and 40 pairs of SSR primers were used to analyze the genetic variation of glutinous sorghum. The results showed that the change range, coefficient of variation and diversity index of ten phenotypic traits were large, and 42.2% of agronomic traits were significantly correlated; A total of 98 alleles were detected in 40 pairs of primers, the change range of polymorphic information was 0.044-0.690, the Shannon-weaver distribution range was 0.1105-1.3626, and the genetic similarity coefficient range was 0.235-0.980, which showed that 45 glutinous sorghum resources had rich genetic diversity. Based on the classification of main agronomic traits and molecular markers, 45 waxy sorghum samples were divided into six categories and four categories by UPGMA cluster, respectively. The clustering results of the two methods were in poor agreement, but could complement each other. The results provide a theoretical reference for the innovation of sorghum germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties, and a number of excellent glutinous sorghum resources were screened.

Key words: Glutinous sorghum, Germplasm resources, Major agronomic traits, SSR molecular marker, Genetic diversity analysis

Table 1

Origin and types of 45 waxy sorghum germplasm resources"

编号
Number		 名称
Name		 来源
Origin		 类型
Type		 编号
Number		 名称
Name		 来源
Origin		 类型
Type		 编号
Number		 名称
Name		 来源
Origin		 类型
Type
1 开县高粱 重庆 农家种 16 15LF23R 四川 恢复系 31 3246A 辽宁 不育系
2 诸暨高粱 浙江 农家种 17 81R 四川 恢复系 32 7R 辽宁 恢复系
3 青壳洋高粱 四川 常规品种 18 83R 四川 恢复系 33 9R 辽宁 恢复系
4 泸州红1号 四川 常规品种 19 L44R 四川 恢复系 34 L101R 辽宁 恢复系
5 国窖红1号 四川 常规品种 20 1047R 四川 恢复系 35 宁远高粱 湖南 农家种
6 双加高粱 四川 农家种 21 L045R 四川 恢复系 36 2S 湖南 不育系
7 牛尾砣 四川 农家种 22 LZ10R 四川 恢复系 37 湘糯粱S-1 湖南 不育系
8 泸45A 四川 不育系 23 晋08A 山西 不育系 38 58R 湖南 恢复系
9 泸18A 四川 不育系 24 LZ2R 山西 恢复系 39 10721R 湖南 恢复系
10 泸72A 四川 不育系 25 晋57系 山西 恢复系 40 龙糯1号 黑龙江 常规品种
11 1170A 四川 不育系 26 锦帚 辽宁 农家种 41 60R 河南 恢复系
12 泸恢1 四川 恢复系 27 L401A 辽宁 不育系 42 07221R 河北 恢复系
13 3560-1R 四川 恢复系 28 L402A 辽宁 不育系 43 红樱子 贵州 常规品种
14 3560R 四川 恢复系 29 L407A 辽宁 不育系 44 德青 四川 农家种
15 L28R 四川 恢复系 30 3268A 辽宁 不育系 45 657-1R 北京 恢复系

Table 2

Main parameters of ten agronomic traits in 45 glutinous sorghum resources"

性状
Trait		 最大值
Maximum		 最小值
Minimum		 平均值
Mean		 变异幅度
Variation
amplitude		 标准差
Standard
deviation		 变异系数
Coefficient of
variation (%)		 多样性指数
H′
生育期Growth period (d) 119.00 85.00 106.70 34.00 7.49 7.02 1.6632
茎粗Stem diameter (cm) 1.42 1.03 1.29 0.39 0.09 7.18 1.8295
穗柄长Spike stalk length (cm) 60.50 30.25 43.47 30.25 7.92 18.23 1.9586
穗柄伸出长度Spike stalk extension (cm) 20.70 -6.50 7.59 27.20 6.01 79.15 2.0249
株高Plant height (cm) 242.00 109.00 166.05 133.00 40.97 24.67 1.7890
穗长Spike length (cm) 39.25 21.00 29.47 18.25 4.34 14.71 2.0138
一级枝梗数Primary branch number 116.00 28.14 60.72 87.86 17.16 28.26 1.8009
二级枝梗数Secondary branch number 765.00 189.00 468.51 576.00 110.01 23.48 1.8655
穗粒重Grain weight per spike (g) 103.49 51.17 81.10 52.32 10.36 12.78 1.8917
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 35.70 18.19 26.27 17.38 4.59 17.48 1.8644

Table 3

Phenotypic correlation coefficients among ten agronomic traits"

相关系数
Correlation
coefficient		 生育期
Growth
period		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 穗柄长
Spike stalk
length		 穗柄伸出长度
Spike stalk
extension		 株高
Plant
height		 一级枝梗数
Primary branch
number		 二级枝梗数
Secondary
branch number		 穗粒重
Grain weight
per spike
茎粗Stem diameter 0.285
穗柄长Spike stalk length 0.113 0.350*
穗柄伸出长Spike stalk extension 0.242 0.184 0.776**
株高Plant height 0.187 0.278 0.603** 0.393**
穗长Spike length 0.325* 0.062 0.519** 0.065 0.607**
一级枝梗数Primary branch number 0.299* 0.442** 0.424** 0.301 0.201
二级枝梗数Secondary branch number 0.428** 0.239 0.212 0.367* 0.074 0.647**
穗粒重Grain weight per spike 0.416** 0.483** 0.355* 0.368* 0.076 0.497** 0.463**
千粒重1000-grain weight 0.063 0.480** 0.688** 0.357* 0.482** 0.496** 0.204 0.427**

Table 4

Genetic diversity information of the 40 pairs of SSR primers in 45 glutinous sorghum resources"

引物
Primer		 染色体
Chromosome		 等位变异数
Allelic variation		 PIC值
PIC value		 多样性指数
H′		 引物
Primer		 染色体
Chromosome		 等位变异数
Allelic variation		 PIC值
PIC value		 多样性指数
H′
Xtxp58 1 2 0.161 0.3197 SB3675 6 2 0.276 0.5130
gap57 1 2 0.276 0.5130 Xtxp98 6 2 0.374 0.6907
Xgap42 1 2 0.370 0.6829 Xtxp17 6 2 0.356 0.6555
Xgap36 1 3 0.474 0.9106 Xtxp176 6 2 0.102 0.2190
Xtxp319 1 3 0.365 0.7186 Xtxp145 6 3 0.449 0.8684
Xtxp61 1 4 0.630 1.2453 Xtxp265 6 4 0.690 1.3626
Xtxp4 2 2 0.276 0.5130 kaf2 7 2 0.295 0.5456
Xtxp211 2 2 0.375 0.6929 Xtxp18 8 2 0.211 0.4041
SB1230 2 2 0.375 0.6928 Xtxp354 8 2 0.373 0.6886
Xtxp13 2 2 0.044 0.1105 Xtxp292 8 2 0.309 0.5693
Xtxp80 2 2 0.325 0.5983 Xtxp406 8 2 0.339 0.6246
Xtxp56 2 3 0.480 0.9235 Xtxp400a 8 2 0.239 0.4506
Xtxp8 2 3 0.497 0.9484 Xtxp287 9 2 0.257 0.4804
Xtxp298 2 3 0.545 1.0244 Xtxp67 9 3 0.434 0.8418
Xtxp304 2 4 0.655 1.3023 Xtxp289 9 3 0.572 1.0675
Xtxp114 3 2 0.257 0.4804 Xtxp258 9 4 0.536 1.0812
Xtxp31 3 2 0.374 0.6920 Xtxp141 10 3 0.407 0.7920
Xtxp34 3 2 0.206 0.3960 Xtxp29 - 2 0.093 0.2023
Xtxp65 5 2 0.272 0.5066 Xcup57 - 2 0.184 0.3594
Xtxp15 5 3 0.526 0.9967 Xcup53 - 2 0.318 0.5860

Table 5

The GS of different germplasm resources"

类型
Type		 个数
Number		 范围
Range		 平均值
Mean
常规品种（农家种）Conventional species (farmhouse species) 55 0.582（开县高粱/锦帚）~0.888（泸州红1号/红樱子） 0.739
恢复系Restorer line 210 0.459（L101R/LZ10R）、（L101R/10721R）~0.980（81R/83R） 0.665
不育系Sterile line 66 0.469（泸18A/L407A）~0.888（3268A/晋08A） 0.644
恢复系/常规品种（农家种）
Restorer line/conventional species (farmhouse species)		 231
 0.418（07221R/诸暨高粱）~0.745（58R/青壳洋高粱）
 0.571
不育系/常规品种（农家种）
Sterile line/conventional species (farmhouse species)		 132
 0.337（L402A/诸暨高粱)~0.684（湘糯粱S-1/青壳洋高粱）
 0.497
不育系/恢复系Sterile line/sterile line 252 0.235（L402A/3560R-1R）~0.612（湘糯粱S-1/15LF23R) 0.437
总计Total 946 0.235~0.980 0.592

Fig.1

Cluster diagram of agronomic traits of 45 glutinous sorghum germplasm resources"

Fig.2

Cluster diagram of 44 glutinous sorghum germplasm resources based on SSR markers"

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