Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 47-53.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.007

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 69 Maize Germplasm Resources Based on SSR Markers

Chang Hongbing1(), Wang Chen1, He Meijing1, Cao Ximin1, Yu Fengfang1, Cao Xiaoliang1, Song Wei2(), Lü Aizhi1()   

  1. 1Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
    2Institute of Grain and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2024-01-23 Revised:2024-03-19 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-16

RichHTML

5

PDF (PC)

63

Abstract:

In order to broaden the genetic basis of maize inbred lines in Hebei province and accelerate the development and utilization of excellent germplasms, SSR markers were used to analyze genetic diversity of 39 inbred lines and 30 varieties. The results showed that a total of 97 alleles were amplified from 32 polymorphic SSR markers, with an average of three alleles amplified per primer pair. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 68.75%. The average number of effective alleles, Shannon information index, expected heterozygosity, and PIC values of the primers were 1.40, 0.31, 0.20, and 0.27, respectively. The genetic distance of the maize population ranged from 0.103 to 0.844, and the inbred lines had the closest genetic exchange with varieties from Hebei province and Beijing, with relatively close genetic relationships and smaller genetic distances of 0.140 and 0.155, respectively, showing a certain degree of correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance. The test materials were divided to five groups by cluster analysis, and the inbred lines were clearly distinguished; The varieties from the three northeast provinces of China, Gansu, and some parts of Hebei and Beijing were grouped together, and most of the cultivated crops in the region mature once a year. The eight early maturing varieties were closely related, indicating that SSR markers could to some extent distinguish germplasm types. The genetic diversity and purity of inbred lines are the highest, which can be further selected and utilized.

Key words: SSR marker, Maize, Germplasm resource, Genetic diversity

Table 1

Basic information of the test materials"

编号
Number		 名称
Name		 育成地
Breeding area		 编号
Number		 名称
Name		 育成地
Breeding area		 编号
Number		 名称
Name		 育成地
Breeding area
1 WL134 河北 24 X324 河北 47 联创825 北京
2 冀42 河北 25 Z598 河北 48 中科玉505 北京
3 A87 河北 26 L91158 河北 49 吉单27 东北三省
4 X372 河北 27 H86B 河北 50 利合228 山西
5 X302 河北 28 承玉33 河北 51 先玉1802 东北三省
6 石359 河北 29 锦华105 北京 52 C7367 甘肃
7 外杂11 河北 30 巡天1102 河北 53 义超863 东北三省
8 冀H521 河北 31 飞天358 湖北 54 科沃8904 东北三省
9 H1710 河北 32 农华101 北京 55 G1938 甘肃
10 H74 河北 33 京科968 北京 56 C2235 甘肃
11 L117 河北 34 先玉335 东北三省 57 685 山东
12 HF138-1 河北 35 杂交农大108 北京 58 604母 河北
13 衡H14 河北 36 隆平206 安徽 59 冀18FF 河北
14 JN1028 河北 37 农大372 北京 60 903母 河北
15 W25 河北 38 京农科728 北京 61 掖476 河北
16 L5895 河北 39 裕丰303 北京 62 H92 河北
17 石1447 河北 40 纪元196 河北 63 WL134 河北
18 B132 河北 41 纪元168 河北 64 冀42 河北
19 农系3435 河北 42 DM1 东北三省 65 H521W 河北
20 H59 河北 43 鹏玉1号 东北三省 66 冀5F 河北
21 X522 河北 44 纪元155 河北 67 冀75F父 河北
22 冀57 河北 45 纪元128 河北 68 K36 河北
23 JN1118 河北 46 纪元1号 河北 69 S221 河北

Table 2

Genetic diversity index of 32 loci in the tested maize germplasm resources"

位点Locus Na Ne I Ho He F PIC
201 1.56 1.23 0.23 0.02 0.14 0.71 0.20
202 1.56 1.36 0.29 0.01 0.19 0.93 0.28
203 1.89 1.75 0.54 0.45 0.38 -0.18 0.49
204 1.78 1.40 0.38 0.28 0.24 0.05 0.24
205 1.56 1.29 0.27 0.21 0.17 -0.11 0.15
209 1.78 1.55 0.39 0.20 0.25 0.14 0.29
210 1.89 1.72 0.47 0.12 0.30 0.55 0.36
213 1.89 1.51 0.43 0.14 0.28 0.53 0.33
214 1.44 1.18 0.17 0.00 0.11 1.00 0.16
215 1.56 1.20 0.22 0.00 0.13 1.00 0.20
216 1.33 1.07 0.10 0.03 0.06 0.51 0.08
217 1.44 1.17 0.19 0.09 0.12 0.14 0.15
218 1.44 1.32 0.24 0.00 0.16 1.00 0.25
219 2.00 1.66 0.43 0.01 0.25 0.96 0.38
220 1.44 1.34 0.27 0.00 0.19 1.00 0.22
221 1.56 1.29 0.29 0.00 0.19 1.00 0.23
222 2.22 2.05 0.58 0.01 0.34 0.96 0.51
223 1.22 1.19 0.14 0.00 0.10 1.00 0.12
224 1.78 1.53 0.40 0.00 0.25 1.00 0.38
225 1.67 1.49 0.30 0.00 0.18 1.00 0.28
226 1.56 1.26 0.24 0.06 0.16 0.54 0.23
227 1.67 1.41 0.35 0.00 0.22 1.00 0.33
228 1.44 1.25 0.22 0.00 0.14 1.00 0.21
229 1.44 1.28 0.25 0.00 0.17 1.00 0.20
230 1.56 1.37 0.30 0.03 0.20 0.84 0.30
232 1.56 1.33 0.27 0.00 0.17 1.00 0.26
234 2.00 1.57 0.47 0.15 0.29 0.53 0.36
235 1.44 1.19 0.17 0.01 0.10 0.88 0.15
237 1.44 1.28 0.25 0.00 0.17 1.00 0.20
238 2.00 1.59 0.44 0.00 0.27 1.00 0.40
240 1.89 1.54 0.43 0.14 0.27 0.49 0.41
603 1.44 1.31 0.26 0.00 0.18 1.00 0.21
平均Mean 1.64 1.40 0.31 0.06 0.20 0.73 0.27

Table 3

Genetic analysis of various loci within the maize population"

位点Locus 近交系数Fis 分化系数Fst 基因流Nm
201 0.84 0.76 0.08
202 0.93 0.51 0.24
203 -0.18 0.17 1.27
204 -0.16 0.21 0.96
205 -0.19 0.24 0.79
209 0.22 0.35 0.46
210 0.59 0.55 0.21
213 0.49 0.39 0.39
214 1.00 0.25 0.74
215 1.00 0.60 0.17
216 0.50 0.77 0.08
217 0.27 0.14 1.61
218 1.00 0.68 0.12
219 0.97 0.63 0.15
220 1.00 0.53 0.22
221 1.00 0.59 0.17
222 0.96 0.44 0.31
223 1.00 0.68 0.12
224 1.00 0.51 0.24
225 1.00 0.56 0.20
226 0.64 0.31 0.56
227 1.00 0.58 0.18
228 1.00 0.72 0.10
229 1.00 0.53 0.22
230 0.88 0.53 0.23
232 1.00 0.52 0.23
234 0.48 0.38 0.41
235 0.88 0.21 0.92
237 1.00 0.55 0.20
238 1.00 0.56 0.20
240 0.50 0.50 0.25
603 1.00 0.52 0.23

Table 4

Genetic differentiation coefficient and Nm among maize populations"

地区
Area		 自交系
Inbred
line		 河北
Hebei		 北京
Beijing		 东北三省
Three provinces in the
northeast of China		 甘肃
Gansu		 湖北
Hubei		 安徽
Anhui		 山西
Shanxi		 山东
Shandong
自交系Inbred line *** 2.883 2.492 2.007 0.957 0.673 0.686 0.542 0.517
河北Hebei 0.080 *** 2.712 2.289 1.064 0.437 0.840 0.610 0.520
北京Beijing 0.091 0.084 *** 2.607 0.942 0.490 0.880 0.531 0.443
东北三省
Three provinces in the northeast of China		 0.111
 0.098
 0.087
 ***
 1.833
 0.348
 0.955
 0.899
 0.537
甘肃Gansu 0.207 0.190 0.210 0.120 *** 0.160 0.354 0.383 0.433
湖北Hubei 0.271 0.364 0.338 0.418 0.610 *** 0.053 0.053 0.063
安徽Anhui 0.267 0.229 0.221 0.207 0.414 0.825 *** 0.043 0.034
山西Shanxi 0.316 0.291 0.320 0.218 0.395 0.824 0.852 *** 0.050
山东Shandong 0.326 0.325 0.361 0.318 0.366 0.800 0.879 0.833 ***

Table 5

Genetic diversity information of maize populations from different sources"

地区Area 样本数量Sample number Na Ne I Ho He PIC
自交系Inbred line 39 2.94 2.18 0.83 0.01 0.50 0.48
河北Hebei 7 2.03 1.64 0.53 0.06 0.35 0.33
北京Beijing 9 2.09 1.64 0.54 0.08 0.34 0.33
东北三省Three provinces in the northeast of China 6 2.00 1.55 0.48 0.06 0.30 0.29
甘肃Gansu 4 1.41 1.27 0.23 0.06 0.16 0.15
湖北Hubei 1 1.16 1.16 0.11 0.16 0.08 0.07
安徽Anhui 1 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
山西Shanxi 1 1.06 1.06 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.03
山东Shandong 1 1.06 1.06 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.03
平均Mean 1.64 1.40 0.31 0.06 0.20 0.19

Table 6

Genetic distance and genetic similarity matrix of different type materials from different regions"

地区
Area		 自交系
Inbred
line		 河北
Hebei		 北京
Beijing		 东北三省
Three provinces in the
northeast of China		 甘肃
Gansu		 湖北
Hubei		 安徽
Anhui		 山西
Shanxi		 山东
Shandong
自交系Inbred line *** 0.869 0.856 0.829 0.732 0.703 0.735 0.628 0.606
河北Hebei 0.140 *** 0.898 0.876 0.800 0.617 0.833 0.714 0.667
北京Beijing 0.155 0.107 *** 0.899 0.767 0.662 0.853 0.691 0.619
东北三省
Three provinces in the northeast of China		 0.188
 0.133
 0.106
 ***
 0.902
 0.563
 0.854
 0.833
 0.713
甘肃Gansu 0.312 0.224 0.265 0.103 *** 0.448 0.809 0.818 0.861
湖北Hubei 0.353 0.483 0.412 0.575 0.803 *** 0.504 0.331 0.430
安徽Anhui 0.307 0.182 0.159 0.158 0.212 0.684 *** 0.762 0.699
山西Shanxi 0.465 0.336 0.370 0.183 0.201 1.107 0.272 *** 0.677
山东Shandong 0.501 0.406 0.480 0.338 0.150 0.844 0.359 0.389 ***

Fig.1

Cluster diagram (a) and cluster group principal component analysis diagram (b) of the tested maize materials"

[1] 高峰, 王剑. 我国玉米产业安全态势演进及展望. 农业经济, 2023(10):14-16.
[2] 仇焕广, 李新海, 余嘉玲. 中国玉米产业:发展趋势与政策建议. 农业经济问题, 2021(7):4-16.
[3] 李婷婷, 李文娟. 我国玉米空间格局演变及其影响因素研究进展. 中国农业资源与区划, 2021, 42(2):87-95.
[4] 李国平, 吴孔明. 中国转基因抗虫玉米的商业化策略. 植物保护学报, 2022, 49(1):17-32.
[5] 柳茜, 孙启忠, 徐丽君, 等. 6个青贮玉米品种的产量和品质比较. 中国奶牛, 2019(2):50-53.
[6] 徐玉鹏. 7个青贮玉米品种的产量及品质比较. 河北农业科学, 2009, 13(6):12-13,36.
[7] 杨扬, 仇律雯, 田红丽, 等. 308个糯玉米审定品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析. 植物遗传资源学报, 2022, 23(1):169-176.
doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20210629001
[8] 陈艳, 吕秉儒, 王路勇. 基于SSR标记的玉米自交系遗传多样性分析. 作物研究, 2021, 35(5):538-543.
[9] 蔡一鸣, 蒋双丰, 毛光志. 基于SSR分子标记的41份茶树种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(30):54-60.
doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0862
[10] 王凤格, 田红丽, 易红梅, 等. 植物品种DNA指纹鉴定原理及其鉴定方案. 分子植物育种, 2018, 16(14):4756-4766.
[11] 王凤格, 杨扬, 易红梅, 等. 中国玉米审定品种标准SSR指纹库的构建. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(1):1-14.
[12] 樊文强, 盖红梅, 孙鑫, 等. SSR数据格式转换软件DataFormater. 分子植物育种, 2016, 14(1):265-270.
[13] 李亚玲, 韩国民, 何沙娥, 等. 基于DNA分子标记数据构建系统进化树的新策略. 生物信息学, 2008(4):168-170.
[14] 葛大朋, 任媛, 赵俊, 等. 西藏石榴野生群体的SSR遗传多样性分析. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 46(3):127-133.
doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202105011
[15] 李大宇, 殷倩茜, 侯宁, 等. 黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus eupogon)不同生态地理分布群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析. 海洋与湖沼, 2009, 40(4):460-469.
[16] 冯夏莲, 何承忠, 张志毅, 等. 植物遗传多样性研究方法概述. 西南林学院学报, 2006, 26(1):69-74,79.
[17] 张乐超, 刘月琴, 段春辉, 等. 7个地方山羊品种遗传多样性及遗传结构分析. 生物技术通报, 2020, 36(6):183-190.
doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2019-1069
[18] 巴爱丽, 杨靖, 贾菲芸, 等. 玉米杂种优势类群划分高多态SSR引物筛选. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(6):1373-1383.
doi: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.06.008
[19] 王月影, 范保杰, 曹志敏, 等. 利用EST-SSR标记分析绿豆农家种及育成品种的遗传多样性. 作物杂志, 2024(1):73-79.
[20] 杨亚桐, 董安忆, 刘松涛, 等. 基于SSR分子标记的糯玉米遗传多样性研究. 江苏农业科学, 2020, 48(2):83-86.
[21] 段梦冉, 刘丰泽, 葛建镕, 等. 吉林省主推玉米品种的SSR分子标记纯度鉴定. 作物杂志, 2022(5):34-41.
[22] 李松, 施德林, 董云武, 等. 基于SSR标记的云南35个玉米自交系遗传多样性分析. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2023, 38(5):732-738.
[23] 许乃银, 金石桥, 晋芳, 等. 基于SNP标记的小麦品种遗传相似度及其检测准确度分析. 作物学报, 2024, 50(4):887-896.
doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31044
[24] 刘海忠, 宋炜, 王宝强, 等. 120份欧美玉米自交系的遗传多样性分析. 植物遗传资源学报, 2018, 19(4):676-684.
[1] Hou Yue, Wang Hongliang, Li Jie, Li Chunjie, Chen Fanjun. Research Advances on the Effects of Cereal/Legume Forage Intercropping on Forage Quality and Nitrogen Uptake [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 1-10.
[2] Jin Zihao, Zhao Wenqing, Wang Fang, Wang Wei, Peng Yunling, Chang Fangguo. Effects of Three Exogenous Plant Growth Regulators on the Cold Tolerance of Maize Seedlings [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 125-132.
[3] Wang Yi, Ren Yongfu, Zhang Zhengpeng, Ding Defang, Zhang Jing, Liu Yihong, Sun Duoxin, Chen Guangrong. The Effects of Different Covering Materials on Soil Environment and Maize Yield in Hexi Irrigation Area [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 149-155.
[4] Hou Nan, Wu Fengjie, Qi Xiangkun, Wang Yufeng, Yang Kejun, Fu Jian. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Carbon Metabolism of Waxy Maize during Filling Period in Black Soil Area [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 178-184.
[5] Sun Bangsheng, Song Jiling, Yang Mengping, Xing Jinyue, Hu Zunyan, Hao Zhiyong, Li Jinghua, Liu Chunsheng. Genetic Diversity Analysis of High Starch Potato Primary Core Germplasm Resources [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 52-60.
[6] Zhao Yajie, Wen Rui, Jia Yiming, Jin Xiaolei, Zhang Yonghu, Zhang Lijun, Zhang Biao, Zhang Hui, Yu Lixia. Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Phenotypic Traits of Foxtail Millet Germplasm Resources [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 61-69.
[7] Zhang Zhengjie, Yang Guohua, Guo Ruihong, Cheng Kaihua, Mi Xingwang, Liu Fei. Comprehensive Evaluation of Regional Trials for the Spring Maize in Northwest China Based on DTOPSIS Method and Membership Function Method [J]. Crops, 2025, 226(3): 78-84.
[8] Ren Yongfu, Li Jiayi, Chen Guopeng, Pu Tian, Chen Hong, Wang Xiaochun. Effects of Different Planting Patterns on the Yield and Efficiency of Maize in Strip Intercropping System [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 101-108.
[9] Li Wenyue, Yu Tao, Cao Shiliang, Ma Xuena, Tang Gui, Gao Li, Yang Gengbin. Genetic Diversity Analysis of 96 Waxy Maize Inbred Lines Based on SNP Chip [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 74-78.
[10] Jiang Hui, Zhong Qiaofang, Yin Fuyou, Li Jinlu, Liu Li, Zhang Yun, Wang Bo, Jiang Cong, Cheng Zaiquan, Zhang Hui, Xiao Suqin. Research Progress on Germplasm Resources and Multi-Omics of Oryza officinalis [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 1-8.
[11] Sun Yanjie, Wei Guocai, Wu Yuheng, Shi Yunqiang, Shao Yong, Liu Yingrui, Nan Yuantao, Zhang Weiyao. Genetic Diversity Analysis of 100 Maize Germplasm Resources by SNP Markers [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 14-19.
[12] Lu Jing, Yu Bo, Jiang Mi, Peng Lianxin, Ren Yuanhang, Wu Qi. Assessment of Genetic Diversity in 58 Germplasm Resources of Highland Barley [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(2): 20-28.
[13] Chu Zhaokang, Wang Shiji, Bi Jianjian, Zhang Lin, Peng Chen, Chen Xiang, Wu Wenming. Effects of Sowing Dates on Yield and Filling Characteristics of Summer Maize in the Central Yangtze-Huaihe Region [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 117-122.
[14] Zhou Miaomiao, He Ruitong, Li Lan, Wang Hongxin, Peng Haoyuan, Zhang Yubo, Zhang Dan, Wang Jinbin, Luo Xinning, Qi Bingqin. Effects of Growth Regulators “EDAH” on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield Formation of Maize under High Planting Density [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 162-169.
[15] Ma Junmei, Dou Min, Liu Di, Yang Xiuhua, Yang Yong, Nian Fuzhao, Liu Yating, Li Yongzhong. Effects of Intercropping Flue-Cured Tobacco and Maize on Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients and Crop Growth [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(1): 227-234.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102 -105 .
[3] Xuefang Huang,Mingjing Huang,Huatao Liu,Cong Zhao,Juanling Wang. Effects of Annual Precipitation and Population Density on Tiller-Earing and Yield of Zhangzagu 5 under Film Mulching and Hole Sowing[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 106 -113 .
[4] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[5] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[6] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[7] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126 -130 .
[8] Pengjin Zhu,Xinhua Pang,Chun Liang,Qinliang Tan,Lin Yan,Quanguang Zhou,Kewei Ou. Effects of Cold Stress on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Sugarcane Seedlings[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 131 -137 .
[9] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138 -142 .
[10] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143 -148 .