Crops ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 175-181.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.022

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Effects of Maize-Soybean and Wheat-Soybean Rotation Modes on Weed Occurrence Regularity in Soybean Field

Wang Yu1,2(), Wang Jinsheng1,3, Wang Xiaoxi1,2, Ma Li1,3, Wang Keqin1,2, Wang Chun1,2, Liu Xinglong1,2(), Wu Junjiang1,3(), Li Mukai4   

  1. 1Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
    2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Harbin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
    3Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs /Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
    4College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2024-08-28 Revised:2024-09-09 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-10

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Abstract:

In order to precisely formulate weed control strategies for soybean field under maize-soybean and wheat-soybean rotation modes, the species and quantities of weeds were investigated in these two rotation modes. The results showed that during the two-year experiment, the weed occurrence in the maize-soybean rotation mode was 1.89 and 1.49 times higher than that in the wheat-soybean rotation mode, respectively. In the maize-soybean rotation mode, a total of 11 weed species were consistently observed over the two years, including two gramineous weeds and nine broadleaf weeds. The dominant weed species were the gramineous Echinochloa crusgalli and the broadleaf Chenopodium album and Abutilon theophrasti. The subdominant species were the gramineous Eriochloa villosa and the broadleaf Amaranthus retroflexus and Solanum nigrum. For the wheat-soybean rotation mode, eight weed species were commonly observed over the two years, including two gramineous weeds and six broadleaf weeds. The dominant species included the gramineous E.crusgalli and the broadleaf C.album and A.theophrasti, while the subdominant species was the broadleaf Solanum nigrum. The maize-soybean rotation mode exhibited two weed occurrence peaks: one from late May to mid-June, and another from late June to early July, with the weed occurrence during the first peak period being greater than that during the second. Conversely, the wheat-soybean rotation mode showed only one weed occurrence peak, primarily concentrated in early to mid-June.

Key words: Soybean field, Rotation, Weed species, Dominant weed species, Weed occurrence regularity

Table 1

Species and life forms of weeds in soybean field under different rotation modes"

科
Family		 属
Genus		 杂草
Weed		 生活型
Life form		 种群密度（株/m2）
Population density (plant/m2)
2022 2023
玉―豆
Maize-
soybean		 麦―豆
Wheat-
soybean		 玉―豆
Maize-
soybean		 麦―豆
Wheat-
soybean
禾本科Poaceae 稗属Echinochloa 稗草 [Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.] 一年生草本 143.2 76.8 48.6 37.2
野黍属Eriochloa 野黍 [Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth] 一年生草本 1.2 0.6 9.8 0.4
藜科Chenopodiaceae 藜属Chenopodium 藜 [Chenopodium album L.] 一年生草本 32.6 32.4 10.4 10.0
锦葵科Malvaceae 苘麻属Abutilon 苘麻 [Abutilon theophrasti Medicus] 一年生草本 10.8 6.6 24.4 4.6
木槿属Hibiscus 野西瓜苗 [Hibiscus trionum L.] 一年生草本 － － 0.6 －
苋科Amaranthaceae 苋属Amaranthus 反枝苋 [Amaranthus retroflexus L.] 一年生草本 28.0 － 2.2 －
茄科Solanaceae 茄属Solanum 龙葵 [Solanum nigrum L.] 一年生草本 1.2 0.6 9.0 17.8
马齿苋科Portulacaceae 马齿苋属Portulaca 马齿苋 [Portulaca oleracea L.] 一年生草本 3.6 － 1.6 0.2
唇形科Lamiaceae 水棘针属Amethystea 水棘针 [Amethystea caerulea L.] 一年生草本 0.2 0.6 1.0 3.4
蓼科Polygonaceae 蓼属Polygonum 本氏蓼 [Polygonum bungeanum Turcz.] 一年生草本 0.4 0.2 2.4 1.4
萹蓄 [Polygonum aviculare L.] 一年生草本 0.4 － － －
菊科Asteraceae 鬼针草属Bidens 狼耙草 [Bidens tripartita L.] 一年生草本 1.2 － 0.2 －
苍耳属Xanthium 苍耳 [Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder] 一年生草本 － 0.2 － －
蓟属Cirsium 刺儿菜 [Cirsium setosum (Willd.) M.Bieb] 多年生草本 － － 0.6 －
大戟科Euphorbiaceae 铁苋菜属Acalypha 铁苋菜 [Acalypha australis L.] 一年生草本 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.2
萝藦科Asclepiadaceae 萝藦属Metaplexis 萝藦 [Metaplexis japonica (Thunb.) Makino] 多年生草本 0.6 0.2 － －
合计Total 223.8 118.4 111.8 75.2

Fig.1

Weed occurrence dynamics of two rotation modes in soybean field"

Table 2

Analysis of dominant weeds in soybean field under two rotation modes"

杂草类型
Weed
type		 杂草种类
Weed
species		 玉―豆轮作Maize-soybean rotation 麦―豆轮作Wheat-soybean rotation
密度
Density		 频度
Frequency		 相对优势度
Relative abundance		 密度
Density		 频度
Frequency		 相对优势度
Relative abundance
2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023
禾本科杂草
Gramineous weed		 稗草 143.2 48.6 76 82 90.9 69.1 76.8 37.2 24 58 87.1 82.4
野黍 1.2 9.8 12 36 4.8 20.0 0.6 0.4 2 4 2.4 2.8
阔叶杂草
Broadleaf weed		 藜 32.6 10.4 52 48 33.0 24.3 32.4 10.0 36 26 60.7 28.1
苘麻 10.8 24.4 38 46 18.3 36.2 6.6 4.6 26 28 29.6 22.0
反枝苋 28.0 2.2 42 14 27.4 6.3 － － － － － －
马齿苋 3.6 1.6 20 8 8.7 3.9 － 0.2 － 2 － 1.4
龙葵 1.2 9.0 12 42 4.8 21.2 0.6 17.8 6 36 6.1 44.1
水棘针 0.2 1.0 2 10 0.8 4.0 0.6 3.4 6 12 6.1 11.3
本氏蓼 0.4 2.4 4 14 1.6 6.5 0.2 1.4 2 8 2.0 6.4
铁苋菜 0.4 1.0 4 10 1.6 4.0 0.2 0.2 2 2 2.0 1.4
狼耙草 1.2 0.2 12 2 4.8 0.8 0.2 － 2 － 2.0 －
萝藦 0.6 － 4 － 1.7 － － － － － － －
萹蓄 0.4 － 4 － 1.6 － － － － － － －
苍耳 － － － － － － 0.2 － 2 － 2.0 －
野西瓜苗 － 0.6 － 4 － 1.8 － － － － － －
刺儿菜 － 0.6 － 4 － 1.8 － － － － － －

Fig.2

Dominant weeds occurrence dynamics of maize-soybean rotation mode in soybean field"

Fig.3

Dominant weeds occurrence dynamics of wheat-soybean rotation mode in soybean field"

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