Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 148-153.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.02.026

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Effects of Transplanting Date on Quality and Main Economic Characters of Cigar in Five Fingers Group

Zhang Ruixin1,Ren Tianbao1,Zhao Zhe1,Wen Gang2,Zhao Mingqin1   

  1. 1 College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2 Hainan Tobacco Company/Tobacco companies of Danzhou, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
  • Received:2018-01-10 Revised:2018-02-04 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-08-27

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Abstract:

In order to find out the suitable transplanting period of cigar in Hainan Five Fingers Group area, The agronomic characters, conventional chemical components and neutral aroma components of tobacco plants during four transplanting periods in January 11, January 26th, February 10th and February 25th 2016, were studied. Sensory evaluation and economic character evaluation were also carried out. The results showed that the natural climate and environment in the Five Fingers Group area had a significant influence on the agronomic traits of cigar at the early stage of growth, but had no significant effect in the later stage. The content of neutral aroma compounds increased first and then decreased with the delay of transplanting time. In February 10th, the transplanted cigar had the best performance in agronomic traits and aroma components, and the conventional chemical composition was the most coordinated. The sensory evaluation showed that the aroma of transplanted cigar tobacco in February 10th was large, the aftertaste was good, and the whole quality was good. The results showed that the transplantation of cigars in Hainan Five Fingers Group area in February 10th could make it grow and develop under the suitable climate conditions. The main economic characters showed that the yield was the biggest in February 25th transplanting, but the output value of cigar tobacco was the highest in February 10th transplanting. To sum up, transplanting around February 10th in Five Fingers Group can make cigar grow and develop in the proper climate.

Key words: Transplanting period, Cigar, Agronomic traits, Economic characters

Table 2

Effects of transplanting date on agronomic characters of cigar"

移栽后天数(d)
Days after transplanting		 处理
Treatment		 最大叶长(cm)
Maximum leaf length		 最大叶宽(cm)
Maximum blade width		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 单株叶片数
Leaves per plant		 茎围(cm)
Stem girth
30 T1 16.2c 9.2c 18.8c 7.0a 2.1c
T2 17.1b 10.8b 23.4b 7.0a 2.4bc
T3 17.9a 12.0a 27.8ab 8.0a 2.6b
T4 18.0a 12.2a 30.6a 7.0a 3.0a
50 T1 41.2a 24.4a 36.1c 8.0a 5.1a
T2 42.5a 25.6a 40.7b 8.0a 5.5a
T3 43.4a 26.1a 43.8a 9.0a 5.9a
T4 43.3a 26.2a 43.6a 9.0a 5.7a
70 T1 55.4b 23.4c 76.6a 11.0a 5.6b
T2 59.6a 26.3b 77.2a 11.0a 6.4ab
T3 61.3a 29.4a 78.2a 12.0a 6.8a
T4 61.1a 29.3a 77.5a 11.0a 6.8a
90 T1 65.3b 33.5b 124.4a 15.0a 8.8a
T2 68.0a 34.1a 125.8a 15.0a 9.3a
T3 69.4a 34.4a 127.5a 16.0a 9.4a
T4 68.6a 34.3a 126.7a 16.0a 9.3a

Table 3

The influence of transplanting date on tobacco conventional chemical composition"

处理
Treatment		 总糖(%)
Total sugar		 烟碱(%)
Nicotine		 氯(%)
Chlorine		 钾(%)
Potassium		 总氮(%)
Total nitrogen		 总氮/烟碱
Total nitrogen/Nicotine		 钾/氯
Potassium/Chlorine
T1 1.45a 1.96c 0.88a 5.04a 3.41b 1.74a 5.73b
T2 1.36b 2.83b 0.87a 5.12a 3.61ab 1.28b 5.89b
T3 1.35b 3.31a 0.86a 5.22a 3.85a 1.16b 6.07a
T4 1.11c 2.76b 0.93a 5.10a 3.60ab 1.30b 5.48b

Table 4

Effects of transplanting date on the content of neutral aroma components in cigar leaves μg/g"

香气物质名称
Aroma material name		 移栽期Transplanting date
T1 T2 T3 T4
苯丙氨酸转化产物Phenylalanine converting products
苯甲醛Benzaldehyde 1.34 1.53 1.41 1.67
苯甲醇Benzil alcohol 12.07 12.87 12.28 12.57
苯乙醛Hyacinthin 3.93 4.21 3.97 4.03
苯乙醇Phenethyl alcohol 16.29 23.48 17.33 15.56
总计Total 33.63 42.09 34.99 33.83
棕色化反应产物Maillard reaction products
香气物质名称
Aroma material name		 移栽期Transplanting date
T1 T2 T3 T4
糠醛Furfural 6.31 7.07 8.30 5.17
糠醇Furfuralcohol 4.21 4.39 4.62 4.44
2-乙酰基呋喃2- acetyl furan 0.14 0.14 0.24 0.17
3,4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃二酮
3,4-dimethyl-2,5-furandione		 3.34 4.01 2.22 5.99
5-甲基糠醛5-methyl furfural 2.13 2.16 3.49 2.02
总计Total 16.13 17.77 18.87 17.79
类西柏烷类降解产物Degradation products of cembranoids
茄酮Solanone 100.79 106.66 129.92 114.22
类胡萝卜素降解产物Carotenoid degradation products
巨豆三烯酮1Megastigmatrienone 1 2.13 2.26 2.76 2.73
巨豆三烯酮2Megastigmatrienone 2 12.77 13.45 16.26 14.63
巨豆三烯酮3Megastigmatrienone 3 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.61
巨豆三烯酮4Megastigmatrienone 4 16.76 18.31 22.66 19.07
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2醇
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol		 1.39 1.42 1.91 1.51
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2酮
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one		 1.29 1.37 2.02 1.48
芳樟醇Linalool 3.02 3.39 3.64 3.23
异氟尔酮Isophorone 0.64 0.61 0.47 0.84
氧化异氟尔酮Oxidized isophorone 0.53 0.57 0.68 0.60
β-环柠檬醛β-cyclic citral 0.07 0.09 0.16 0.10
β-大马酮β-MMA 17.44 17.12 15.42 16.91
β-二氢大马酮
β-dihydroimine ketone		 12.03 12.64 15.94 13.28
香叶基丙酮Geranyl acetone 4.75 4.25 3.77 5.34
二氢猕猴桃内酯
Dihydro kiwi lactone		 6.91 7.12 7.58 7.37
螺岩兰草酮Loazuron 0.26 0.21 0.17 0.30
3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮
3-hydroxy-β-dihydroequatone		 5.73 5.76 5.88 5.97
法尼基丙酮Farnesyl acetone 15.37 15.54 16.02 14.41
总计Total 101.64 104.71 115.99 108.38
新植二烯New plant diene 507.64 526.78 573.31 533.37
其他Other
2,6-壬二烯醛2,6-nonadienal 0.46 0.51 1.38 0.56
藏花醛Possession of aldehyde 0.16 0.18 0.21 0.18
愈创木酚Guaiacol 0.76 0.81 0.53 0.84
总计Total 1.38 1.50 2.12 1.58
总和（除新植二烯）
Sum (except new plant diene)		 253.57 272.73 301.89 275.8

Fig.1

Changes in the content of various aroma compounds"

"

处理
Treatment		 香气质(9)
Quality of aroma
T1 6.0 6.5 6.5 5.5 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 55.0
T2 6.5 7.0 7.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.5 6.5 7.0 55.5
T3 7.0 7.5 7.0 5.5 5.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 7.5 58.5
T4 6.5 7.0 7.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.5 7.5 57.0

Table 6

Main economic characters of cigar tobacco from different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 茄衣产出率(%)
Output rate of cigar wrapper tobacco		 上等烟比例(%)
The ratio of high quality tobacco		 均价(元/kg, yuan/kg)
Average price		 产量(kg/hm2)
Yield		 产值(元/hm2, yuan/hm2)
Output
T1 30.12a 28.21c 52.33c 1 709.86d 89 476.97c
T2 29.62ab 30.77b 60.14b 1 843.33c 110 857.87b
T3 28.32b 33.92a 65.24a 1 889.67b 123 282.07a
T4 24.13c 31.65ab 46.82d 1 967.91a 92 137.54c

Table 1

The growing season climate condition of test point"

气候因子Climatic factor 1月January 2月February 3月March 4月April 5月May
月均温The monthly mean temperature (℃) 17.2 21.2 22.4 26.7 27.6
最高温Maximum temperature (℃) 29.0 30.0 32.0 37.0 34.0
最低温Minimum temperature (℃) 5.0 8.0 12.0 20.0 21.0
降雨量Rainfall (mm) 145.1 89.4 110.6 176.8 226.5
相对湿度Relative humidity (%) 81.3 71.6 75.1 81.9 85.1
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