Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 124-129.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.017

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Effects of Mulching Different Plastic Films on Accumulation and Distribution of Dry Matter and Nitrogen in Maize in Cold and Cool Areas

Li Yanlu1(), Wang Junpeng1, Yu Xinzhi1, Wei Honglei1, Chen Qiyu1, Zhao Hongxiang2, Xu Chen2, Bian Shaofeng2, Zhang Zhian1()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
    2Jilin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun 130124, Jilin, China
  • Received:2021-04-20 Revised:2021-09-17 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

To investigate the effects of mulching on dry matter accumulation, distribution and transportion of maize and on nitrogen accumulation in cold and cool areas, field trials was carried out in Antu county in Jilin province. Using maize variety Dade 216 as material, four treatments were set up, degradable transparent mulching film (T1), non-degradable transparent mulching (T2), non-degradable black film mulching (T3), no film mulching (TCK) to determine dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and yield. The results indicated that different plastic mulching could significantly increase the yield of maize, and the yields of T1 and T2 treatments were significantly higher than that of T3 treatment. The three kinds of plastic film mulching could significantly increase the dry matter accumulation of maize. The dry matter accumulation of T1 and T2 treatments were significantly higher than that of T3 treatment at 65, 90, 105 and 140 days after sowing. The accumulation of nitrogen in different mulching treatments was the largest in 65-90 days after sowing and the nitrogen accumulation under the three plastic mulching treatments were significantly higher than that of TCK treatment. During the maturation period, the proportion of nitrogen accumulation and distribution ratio of each organ was grains > leaves > stems > sheaths > tassels. In conclusion, plastic film mulching may boost the accumulation of maize nitrogen, raise the accumulation of dry matter, optimize the distribution of matter promote nitrogen accumulation, and so as to lead to an increase in maize yield. Transparent film mulching cultivation could effectively improve the limitation of insufficient accumulated temperature in cold and cool areas and low growth period, which could only plant early-maturing varieties, and broaden the range of varieties. The degradable transparent mulch film was the best high-yield and stress-resistant cultivation model for maize in cold and cool areas.

Key words: Maize, Film mulching, Dry matter accumulation, Nitrogen accumulation

Fig.1

Maize yield under different mulching conditions Different letters indicate the significant difference between treatments (P < 0.05), the same below"

Table 1

"

处理
Treatment		 播种后天数Days after sowing (d)
50 65 90 105 140
T1 3.38±0.21a 26.99±1.46a 146.55±10.56a 224.98±5.05a 334.22±10.39a
T2 2.54±0.13a 26.63±2.10a 143.03±5.87a 221.08±11.48a 329.20±6.15a
T3 2.11±0.08a 20.62±0.45b 135.55±4.87b 173.86±9.21b 320.11±13.41b
TCK 1.08±0.10c 17.70±0.23c 102.88±6.78c 151.06±9.29c 269.11±6.24c

Fig.2

Distribution of dry matter accumulation in mature organs under different mulching conditions"

Table 2

Cumulative distribution and transport of dry matter accumulation after flower under different mulching conditions"

处理
Treatment		 花后干物质积累
Accumulation of dry matter
after flowering (kg/hm2)		 干物质转移量
Transfer amount of
dry matter (kg/hm2)		 干物质转运率
Transfer rate of
dry matter (%)		 干物质转移对籽粒贡献率
Contribution to grain of dry
matter transportation (%)
T1 15 703.25a 3385.50a 30.80a 24.73a
T2 14 000.50a 3240.75a 27.94a 22.10ab
T3 14 398.00a 2862.75b 22.03b 19.59b
TCK 11 617.00b 1412.50c 16.68c 12.96c

Table 3

Dynamic changes of nitrogen accumulation in maize under different mulching conditions kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 播种后天数Days after sowing (d)
50 65 90 105 140
T1 4.21±0.14a 35.90±2.34a 123.06±2.45a 133.72±2.45a 147.40±5.30a
T2 3.32±0.04ab 33.49±1.23a 100.36±5.24b 123.50±5.34ab 140.98±1.34a
T3 2.05±0.34b 28.32±1.34b 91.94±3.45b 105.59±4.34b 120.05±6.45b
TCK 0.91±0.23c 13.69±0.12c 66.00±0.87c 88.47±5.32c 100.36±3.89c

Table 4

Nitrogen accumulation and distribution of various organs in maize mature period under different mulching conditions kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 各器官氮素积累量Nitrogen accumulation in each organ
茎Stem 叶Leaf 鞘Sheath 籽粒Grain 雄穗Tassel 苞叶Subtending leaf
T1 12.44a 15.47a 3.19a 114.01a 1.85a 0.44a
T2 12.97a 13.71ab 3.14a 109.11a 1.63a 0.42a
T3 11.66a 11.12b 2.12a 93.56b 1.35a 0.24b
TCK 4.71b 10.23b 4.27a 79.66c 1.31a 0.18b
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