Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 110-114.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.03.020

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Effects of Slow-Release Urea Formaldehyde on Yield of Winter Wheat and the Distribution of Nitrate Nitrogen in Soil

Huang Shaohui1,Yang Junfang1,Jia Liangliang1,Yang Yunma1,Yang Wenfang2,Sun Yanming1   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,China
    2 Hebei Sailhero Environmental Protection Hi-Tech Co.,Ltd,Shijiazhuang 050035,Hebei,China
  • Received:2017-02-22 Revised:2017-04-26 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Liangliang Jia

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Abstract:

To increase the single-dose application of nitrogen fertilizer and N uptake efficiency of winter wheat in north China, urea formaldehyde (UF) and urea were both used to investigate the effects with different ratio on yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrate nitrogen content in 0-90cm soil in field experiments. Results were as follows: With the increasing of urea formaldehyde proportion, the wheat yield increased. The UF mixing ratio of 70% treatment had the maximum yield which had increased by 37.0% compared with no nitrogen fertilizer treatment (CK) and by 11.4% compared with urea mixing ratio of 100% treatment (CCF). Urea formaldehyde could increase the grain N uptake ability and nitrogen agronomy efficiency and the partial fertilizer productivity significantly. The grain N uptake ability, nitrogen agronomy efficiency, partial fertilizer productivity of the UF mixing ratio of 70% treatment were higher than those in the urea mixing ratio of 100% treatment by 11.8%, 44.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Urea formaldehyde treatment could release nutrition gently in the whole growth period of wheat. And soil NO3 --N content was stable which resulted in low residue thus reduced the risk of nitrogen leaching. Therefore the use of 70% UF mixing nitrogen fertilizer as a single-dose N application could increase wheat yield and reduce nitrate leaching.

Key words: Urea formaldehyde(UF), Winter wheat, Yield, Nitrate nitrogen

Table 1

Different fertilizer application rate and composition of experimental treatment"

处理
Treatment		 肥料用量Application rate (kg/hm2) 2种氮肥组成比例Nitrogen composition (%) 氮肥施用量Nitrogen application rate (kg N/hm2)
N P2O5 K2O 脲甲醛Urea formaldehyde 尿素Urea 脲甲醛Urea formaldehyde 尿素Urea
CK 0 195 195 0 0 0 0
CCF 300 195 195 0 100 0 300
UF1 300 195 195 30 70 90 210
UF2 300 195 195 50 50 150 150
UF3 300 195 195 70 30 210 90

Table 2

Yield and yield components of different nitrogen application rate treatments"

处理
Treatment		 有效穗数
(×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Seed per ear		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 子粒产量(kg/hm2)
Grain yield		 较CK增产(%)
Increased yield than CK		 较CCF增产(%)
Increased yield than CCF
CK 550.5b 33b 40.74a 5 729.5±463.6c - -
CCF 627.0ab 34ab 38.04b 7 195.8±334.1b 25.6 -
UF1 616.5ab 34ab 38.92ab 6 977.9±191.5b 21.8 -3.8
UF2 619.5ab 36a 39.14ab 7 476.0±275.7ab 30.5 4.9
UF3 637.5a 37a 39.16ab 7 850.6±212.1a 37.0 11.4

Table 3

Wheat N uptake and utilization efficiency as affected by different nitrogen application rate treatments"

处理
Treatment		 吸氮量N uptake (kg/hm2) 氮肥利用率(%)
Utilization efficiency rate of N		 氮肥农学效率(kg/kg)
Agronomic efficiency of N		 氮肥偏生产力(kg/kg)
Partial productivity of N
地上部
Shoot		 子粒
Grain		 秸秆
Stalk		 子粒/地上部(%)
Grain/ Shoot
CK 180.4c 123.6 56.8 68.5 - - -
CCF 315.0a 176.7 138.3 56.1 44.9 4.9 24.0
UF1 286.5ab 155.6 130.9 54.3 35.4 4.2 23.3
UF2 277.1b 175.0 102.1 63.1 32.3 5.8 24.9
UF3 244.5b 166.1 78.4 67.9 21.4 7.1 26.2

Fig.1

Soil nitrate nitrogen content of different treatments in 0-30cm soil depths in growth period"

Fig.2

Soil nitrate nitrogen content of different treatments in 30-60cm soil depths in growth period"

Fig.3

Soil nitrate nitrogen content of different treatments in 60-90cm soil depths in growth period"

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