Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 104-108.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.06.018

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Effects of Soil Cadmium Contamination on Growth, Cadmium Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake of Vicia sativa L.

Rui Haiyun1,Shen Zhenguo2,Zhang Fenqin3   

  1. 1College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering,Taizhou University,Taizhou 225300,Jiangsu,China;
    2College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China
    3College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China
  • Received:2017-08-07 Revised:2017-09-08 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

We investigated the effects of soil with cadmium (Cd) addition of 2.5mg/kg and 10.0mg/kg on growth, Cd accumulation and nutrient uptake of V. sativa using sand culture experiments. Results showed that Cd addition didn’t have siginificant effects on aboveground and underground biomass, but decreased the seed biomass of V. sativa. Under light and severe cadmium pollution conditions, the Cd enrichment coefficient of underground part, aboveground part and seed are 21.12-26.39, 0.47-1.00 and 0.46-1.16, respectively, and the Cd transfer coefficient of V. sativa was 0.02~0.05. Cd accumulation in underground part reached 268.97mg/kg under 10.0mg/kg Cd addition condition and Cd accumulation in aboveground part and seed exceeded the national standards for food under 2.5mg/kg and 10.0mg/kg Cd addition condition. The concentrations of nutrients, especially Fe, Zn, Mn, and P were significantly affected by the Cd addition. Results indicated that V. sativa could be used for phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil, but there were needs to guard against risk of food Cd contamination. Effect of Cd on nutrient uptake was one of the causes for the growth inhibition of V. sativa under Cd stress.

Key words: Vicia sativa L., Soil, Cadmium, Nutrient elements

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收获时间
Harvest time		 处理
Treatment		 地下部的干重
Underground part dry weight		 地上部的干重
Aboveground part dry weight		 种子的干重
Seed dry weight		 豆荚的干重
Pod dry weight
播种后35d 35 days after sowing 对照CK 0.42±0.08b 1.81±0.13b / /
T1 0.37±0.05b 1.64±0.24b / /
T2 0.38±0.04b 1.69±0.05b / /
播种后55d 55 days after sowing 对照CK 1.46±0.04a 3.49±0.46a 0.45±0.07a 0.46±0.04a
T1 1.43±0.06a 3.41±0.16a 0.36±0.08ab 0.36±0.08ab
T2 1.42±0.05a 3.59±0.40a 0.30±0.04b 0.32±0.07b

Table 2

Effects of Cd addition on the Cd accumulation in V.sativa mg/kg"

项目Item 播种后35d 35days after sowing 播种后55d 55days after sowing
对照CK T1 T2 对照CK T1 T2
地下部镉积累
Underground part cadmium accumulation		 0.87±0.12d
 57.10±9.37c
 215.47±6.27b
 0.96±0.15d
 71.24±11.24c
 268.97±21.09a
地下部镉富集系数
Underground part cadmium enrichment coefficient		 4.34±0.60c
 21.15±3.47b
 21.12±0.61b
 4.80±0.75c
 26.39±4.16a
 26.37±2.07a
地上部（不含果实）镉积累
Aboveground part cadmium accumulation		 0.12±0.04d
 2.58±0.35c
 4.83±0.52b
 0.11±0.02d
 2.69±0.89c
 6.19±0.02a
地上部镉富集系数
Aboveground part cadmium enrichment coefficient		 0.60±0.18b
 0.95±0.13a
 0.47±0.05b
 0.57±0.12b
 1.00±0.33a
 0.61±0.01b
转运系数
Transfer coefficient		 0.14±0.06a
 0.05±0.01b
 0.02±0.00b
 0.12±0.04a
 0.04±0.01b
 0.02±0.00b
种子镉积累
Seed cadmium accumulation		 /
 /
 /
 0.05±0.01c
 3.12±0.23b
 4.69± 0.14a
种子镉富集系数
Seed cadmium enrichment coefficient		 /
 /
 /
 0.26±0.01c
 1.16±0.05a
 0.46±0.01b
豆荚镉积累
Pod cadmium accumulation		 /
 /
 /
 0.05±0.01c
 2.75±0.33b
 4.45±0.55a
豆荚镉富集系数
Pod cadmium enrichment coefficient		 /
 /
 /
 0.26±0.03c
 1.00±0.20a
 0.44±0.05b

Table 3

Effects of Cd addition on concentration of nutrient elements in V.sativa which harvest at 55 days after sowing"

植物组织Tissues 处理Treatment Fe(μg/kg) Zn(μg/kg) Mn(μg/kg) Mg(mg/kg) Ca(mg/kg) P(mg/kg)
地上部 对照CK 193.50±13.69a 22.04±1.58a 43.60±5.62a 5.82±0.41a 33.39±2.91a 2.43±0.05b
Aboveground part T1 168.97±6.60b 19.56±2.06ab 34.63±1.53b 5.77±0.58a 29.27±1.50a 2.62±0.26ab
T2 156.30±9.16b 17.64±0.24b 33.44±2.79b 5.65±0.31a 29.84±3.15a 2.84±0.14a
地下部 对照CK 3 533.90±429.22a 43.79±3.37a 90.94±5.62b 7.65±0.62b 25.99±3.20a 3.59±0.22a
Underground part T1 3 619.86±207.66a 40.15±1.64ab 91.58±6.42b 9.09±0.56a 27.21±0.31a 3.64±0.14a
T2 3 556.88±331.86a 37.88±2.68b 107.02±4.44a 8.94±0.67a 24.98±0.41a 3.76±0.19a
种子Seed 对照CK 76.09±9.08a 22.01±3.09b 14.12±0.74a 1.59±0.09b 1.54±0.11b 5.34±0.35b
T1 85.18±7.59a 25.02±0.54ab 14.54±0.76a 1.74±0.07a 1.53±0.15b 6.06±0.34a
T2 86.61±3.91a 26.15±1.17a 14.54±1.05a 1.67±0.04ab 1.79±0.03a 5.61±0.27ab
豆荚Pod 对照CK 149.05±5.95a 22.52±3.09a 27.45±2.48a 4.40±0.30b 11.98±0.81ab 5.48±0.63b
T1 138.38±5.65a 24.14±2.81a 26.56±2.37a 4.49±0.19b 11.71±0.74b 6.44±0.46a
T2 137.55±13.34a 25.29±0.97a 28.06±3.23a 5.10±0.29a 13.55±0.73a 5.58±0.21ab
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