Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 88-95.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.01.014

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Influence of Open-Top Chamber on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

Cao Jiachen1,2,Zheng Youfei1,3,Zhao Hui3,Xu Jingxin3   

  1. 1 Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
    2 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China;
    3 School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China;
  • Received:2017-08-22 Revised:2017-12-20 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-08-24

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Abstract:

In order to find out the difference in the growth and yield of winter wheat between inside and outside the open-top chamber (OTC), this paper analyzed the difference of meteorological factors inside and outside OTC and measured the plant height, leaf area, dry matter, growth parameter and yield index of winter wheat (Yangmai 13) inside OTC (CK) and outside OTC(AA) at different growth stages. The results showed that the temperature, relative humidity and vapor pressure in OTC were higher than those ouside of the chamber, and the photosynthetically active radiation was lower than that ouside of the chamber. In addition, OTC had different effects on plant height, leaf area, biomass and yield of winter wheat. Compared with AA group, OTC had an inhibitory effect on the plant height, but promoted the leaf area at the later stage during the growth period. OTC had a significant negative effect on dry weight and stem weight during the whole growth period, but it could promote the dry weight of roots. The dry matter accumulation of CK was lower than that of AA. The spike weight, grain number per plant,grain weight per plant and 1000-grain weight inside OTC were lower than those outside OTC, which resulted in the decrease of winter wheat yield inside OTC. In general, OTC had an inhibitory effect on winter wheat growth.

Key words: Open-top chamber, Winter wheat, Growth, Yield

Fig.1

The design of open-top chamber"

Fig.2

The daily change of meteorological factors inside and outside OTC"

Fig.3

The variation of the meteorological factors inside and outside OTC"

Table 1

The difference of plant height inside and outside the OTC in different growth stages cm"

处理Treatment 拔节期Jointing 孕穗期Booting 抽穗期Heading 扬花1期1st blooming 扬花2期2nd blooming 灌浆期Filling 乳熟期Milking
AA 65.13 72.83 84.77 86.07 86.27 92.47 88.70
CK 63.60 69.87 82.10 85.13 86.13 90.60 84.40

Table 2

The difference of leaf area inside and outside OTC in different growth stages cm2"

处理Treatment 拔节期Jointing 孕穗期Booting 抽穗期Heading 扬花1期1st blooming 扬花2期2nd blooming 灌浆期Filling 乳熟期Milking
AA 25.182 32.310 33.826 35.067 36.117 32.7791 26.251
CK 21.761 28.893 30.831 30.937 33.793 33.241 29.4611

Table 3

The difference of dry matter weight per plant inside and outside OTC in different growth stages g"

器官
Organ		 处理
Treatment		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 抽穗期
Heading		 扬花1期
1st blooming		 扬花2期
2nd blooming		 灌浆期
Filling		 乳熟期
Milking
叶 Leaf AA 0.340 0.470 0.513 0.543 0.433 0.403 0.343
CK 0.300 0.353 0.460 0.490 0.390 0.343 0.270
茎Stem AA 0.430 1.013 1.123 1.767 2.370 1.910 1.616
CK 0.380 0.506 0.927 1.457 1.487 1.397 1.250
根Root AA 0.123 0.150 0.070 1.433 1.187 0.110 0.146
CK 0.107 0.047 0.103 0.080 0.093 0.077 0.106
穗Spike AA 0.167 0.323 0.550 1.157 1.747 2.253
CK 0.110 0.316 0.447 0.873 1.323 1.893

Table 4

The comparison of winter wheat dry matter distribution index of different organs in different growth stages"

器官
Organ		 处理
Treatment		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 抽穗期
Heading		 扬花1期
1st blooming		 扬花2期
2nd blooming		 灌浆期
Filling		 乳熟期
Milking
根Root AA 0.138a 0.083a 0.034b 0.048a 0.044a 0.026a 0.033a
CK 0.136a 0.046b 0.057a 0.032b 0.033b 0.024a 0.030a
茎Stem AA 0.481a 0.553a 0.563a 0.583a 0.572a 0.458a 0.371a
CK 0.483a 0.498b 0.513b 0.589a 0.523b 0.446a 0.355a
叶Leaf AA 0.381a 0.261b 0.254a 0.183b 0.105b 0.097a 0.079a
CK 0.381a 0.348a 0.255a 0.198a 0.137a 0.109a 0.077a
穗Spike AA 0a 0.093b 0.159b 0.186a 0.279a 0.419a 0.517b
CK 0a 0.108a 0.175a 0.181b 0.307a 0.421a 0.538a

Table 5

The difference of the yield of winter wheat inside and outside OTC"

处理
Treatment		 穗重(g)
Spike weight		 穗粒数
Seeds per spike		 有效穗数(个)
Number of productive spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-seed weight		 空秕率(%)
Empty-unfilled grain rate		 产量(g/m2)
Yield
AA 3.74a 52.70a 506a 47.7a 0.98a 1 271.9a
CK 2.68a 49.24a 481b 39.3b 3.26b 930.8b

Table 6

The difference of stomatal conductance inside and outside OTC in different growth stages mmol/(m2·s)"

处理
Treatment		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 抽穗期
Heading		 扬花1期
1st blooming		 扬花2期
2nd blooming		 扬花3期
3rd blooming		 灌浆期
Filling		 乳熟期
Milking
AA 132.57 217.48 197.1 168.78 243.04 202.48 257.48 210.12
CK 110.45 184.22 158.63 149.18 165.64 161.88 227.68 183.36
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