Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 135-142.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.019

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Effects of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and Ethephon on Photosynthetic Physiology of Leaves and Yield of Spring Maize in Northeast China

Li Ruijie1,2(), Yan Peng1, Wang Qingyan1, Xu Yanli1, Lu Lin1, Dong Zhiqiang1(), Zhang Fenglu2()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Cultivation, Beijing 100081, China
    2College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
  • Received:2020-05-08 Revised:2020-07-16 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: Dong Zhiqiang,Zhang Fenglu E-mail:lrj15176380796@163.com;dongzhiqiang@caas.cn;nxyumi@hebau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted with maize variety Zhongdan 909 aiming to investigate the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and ethephon (ETH) combined solution, spraying at jointing growth stage, on relieving canopy closure stress, improving net photosynthetic efficiency (Pn), enhancing organic supply capacity and ensuring stable and high yield in the Northeast China. The results showed that A2E1 (22.5g/hm2 5-ALA+450mL/hm2 ETH) treatment was better than other treatments and improved maize leaf physiological activity significantly. Under the A2E1 treatment, leaf chlorophyll content at V7 stage, the activities RuBP carboxylase (RuBPCase) and PEP carboxylase (PEPCase) at V12 stage were significantly increased by 8.9%, 65.2% and 87.1%, respectively, and the Pn at V8 and V12 stages were 14.8% and 24.5% higher than that of the control at the same growth stage. Meanwhile, leaf sucrose synthase (SS) activity at V12 stage and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity at V11 stage were increased by 85.0% and 33.1%, respectively. Leaf sucrose contents at V7, V9 and V12 stage were increased by 69.2%, 16.8% and 78.6%, respectively. At harvest stage, ear length, kernel number per ear, and yield were increased by 5.4%, 6.2%, and 5.4%, respectively, and the bare tip length was shortened by 50.4%. Based on the above results, the 5-ALA and ETH combined solution could improve the physiological activity of maize leaves, increase kernel number per ear, and yield, and thus enhance the resisting canopy closure ability.

Key words: 5-ALA-ETH combined solution, Spring maize, Canopy closure effect, Physiological activity, Yield

Table 1

Amount of 5-aminolevulinic (5-ALA) and ethephon (ETH) used under different treatments in 2019"

处理Treatment 5-ALA (g/hm2) ETH (mL/hm2)
对照(CK) 0.00 0
A1 11.25 0
A2 22.50 0
A3 33.75 0
E1 0.00 450
A1E1 11.25 450
A2E1 22.50 450
A3E1 33.75 450
E2 0.00 900
A1E2 11.25 900
A2E2 22.50 900
A3E2 33.75 900

Fig.1

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on the chlorophyll content in leaves of maize at ear stage"

Fig.2

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on the activities of RuBPCase and PEPCase in leaves at trumpet stage (V12) Different small letters indicate significant difference among treatments at the 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.3

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of maize leaf at ear stage"

Fig.4

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on sucrose content of maize leaf at ear stage"

Fig.5

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on sucrose synthase (SS) activity of maize leaf"

Fig.6

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity of maize leaf"

Table 2

Effects of 5-ALA and ETH on spring maize yield and yield components"

处理
Treatment		 穗长
Ear length (cm)		 秃尖长
Bare tip length (cm)		 穗粗
Ear diameter (mm)		 穗粒数
Kernel number		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
CK 18.1±0.6bc 1.2±0.2abc 42.8±2.3ab 512.2±2.7abcd 376.4±6.9ab 13 357.5±233.8bc
A1 17.8±0.6c 0.9±0.1c 41.9±2.9ab 498.3±15.7cd 364.9±1.6abc 13 560.1±185.4bc
A2 18.9±0.2ab 1.4±0.1a 39.0±5.3ab 527.1±27.7abc 365.1±7.1abc 13 506.3±165.8bc
A3 18.4±0.6abc 1.2±0.2abc 45.3±0.3a 504.7±32.9bcd 378.7±3.1a 13 169.1±275.4c
E1 18.5±0.2abc 1.0±0.3bc 41.5±3.2ab 534.5±6.5ab 360.6±12.4abc 13 406.9±222.5bc
A1E1 18.2±0.3abc 1.1±0.1abc 36.7±2.1b 526.5±5.0abcd 360.2±5.0abc 13 645.0±126.1b
A2E1 19.1±0.4a 0.6±0.3d 39.9±5.3ab 544.1±27.3a 371.9±4.7abc 14 078.9±102.1a
A3E1 18.5±0.7abc 0.9±0.1cd 41.7±4.8ab 492.8±15.0d 357.6±12.8bc 13 497.2±266.7bc
E2 18.7±0.4abc 1.0±0.2abc 41.0±3.4ab 519.1±14.0abcd 369.8±1.9abc 13 218.0±105.3bc
A1E2 18.4±0.4abc 1.3±0.0ab 40.0±4.4ab 508.4±4.0bcd 371.4±9.9abc 13 231.4±348.6bc
A2E2 18.2±0.3abc 0.9±0.2bc 42.0±6.0ab 543.3±18.2a 354.9±21.7c 13 466.9±296.3bc
A3E2 18.3±0.4abc 1.1±0.1abc 46.1±0.4a 522.8±14.7abcd 363.1±15.8abc 13 294.5±149.6bc
5-ALA ns 0.023 ns ns ns ns
ETH ns ns 0.017 0.004 ns ns
5-ALA×ETH ns 0.001 ns ns ns 0.011
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