Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 187-192.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.026

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Effects of Phosphorus and Calcium Applications on the Growth, Yield, and Phosphorus and Calcium Use Efficiency of Peanut

Suo Yanyan1(), Zhang Xiang1(), Si Xianzong1, Li Liang1, Yu Qiong1, Yu Hui2   

  1. 1Institute of Plant Nutrient, Resources and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Zhengyang Institute of Peanut, Zhengyang 463600, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-05-12 Revised:2020-11-10 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: Zhang Xiang E-mail:suoyanyan2006@163.com;zxtf203@163.com

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Abstract:

Taking advantage of the interaction between elements is an important measure for high yield and high efficient of nutrients for crops. To ascertain the effects of exogenous phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) combined application on peanut and the interaction between P and Ca application, the effects of P and Ca application on growth, yield, P-Ca uptake and their use efficiency of peanut were studied in shajiang black soil area of south Henan province. The results showed that the growth and yield of peanut were significantly increased by P and Ca application alone than no P and Ca application, and the yield was increased by 29.75% under the combination of P and Ca application relative to the application of P alone, mainly due to the increase of the number of full pod per plant, full pod weight per plant, 100-pod fruit weight and kernel rate. Combined application of P and Ca significantly increased P accumulation, uptake and use efficiency than P application alone, in which P uptake and use efficiency increased by 5.36% and 8.08kg/kg, respectively; Phosphorus application alone significantly increased the Ca accumulation, uptake and use efficiency in peanut compared with no P and Ca application, in which Ca uptake and use efficiency increased by 1.72% and 3.60kg/kg, respectively, indicating that there was a synergistic effect between P and Ca. Therefore, the reasonable combination of P and Ca is beneficial to the growth and yield of peanut, and to the improvements of the uptake efficiency P and Ca, which is an optimized fertilization mode for high yield and high P-Ca efficiency of peanut.

Key words: Phosphorus, Calcium, Peanut, Yield, Uptake and use efficiency

Table 1

Effects of P and Ca application on the agronomic characteristics of peanut"

处理
Treatment		 主茎高
Main stem
height (cm)		 第一侧枝长
Lateral branch
length (cm)		 总分枝数
Total branch
numbers
CK 28.3c 33.2c 9.0c
P 33.3b 36.7b 10.7b
P+Ca 35.8a 38.2a 12.3a

Table 2

Effects of P and Ca application on the yield and its components of peanut"

处理
Treatment		 荚果产量
Pod yield (kg/hm2)		 单株饱果数
Full pods per plant		 单株饱果重
Full pod weight per plant (g)		 百果重
100-pod weight (g)		 出仁率
Kernel rate (%)
CK 2 949.5c 6.2c 10.2c 180.6c 55.9c
P 4 569.0b 9.8b 17.4b 193.6b 66.7b
P+Ca 5 928.2a 11.0a 18.6a 202.7a 71.2a

Fig.1

Effects of P and Ca application on P content and accumulation in different parts of peanut Different lowercase letters in the bar indicate significant difference between treatments (P < 0.05). The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of P and Ca application on Ca content and accumulation in different parts of peanut"

Table 3

Effects of P and Ca application on P and Ca uptake and use efficiency of peanut"

处理
Treatment		 磷Phosphorus 钙Calcium
吸收效率
Uptake efficiency (%)		 利用效率
Use efficiency (kg/kg)		 收获指数
Harvest index		 吸收效率
Uptake efficiency (%)		 利用效率
Use efficiency (kg/kg)		 收获指数
Harvest index
CK – 187.45a 0.62b – 72.85b 0.0797b
P 15.24b 160.57c 0.66a 1.72b 76.81a 0.0781b
P+Ca 23.32a 165.93b 0.68a 4.21a 72.62b 0.0843a
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