Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 149-155.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.05.025

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Commonly Used Herbicides on Physiological, Biochemical and Yield Quality of Sorghum

Ding Chao1,Zhang Jianhua2,Bai Wenbin2,Guo Ruifeng2,Cao Changlin2   

  1. 1Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030600,Shanxi,China
    2Sorghum Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2017-05-02 Revised:2017-07-26 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Jianhua Zhang

RichHTML

6

PDF (PC)

257

Abstract:

The effect of different doses of three kinds of commonly used herbicides on sorghum physiological, biochemical and production quality were studied in this paper. The results showed that the ranking of influence of herbicides on plant height, stem diameter and expand leaves of sorghum was 57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC>56% methoxone DP> 50% quinclorac WP 30 days after the application. Low and medium dose of herbicides promoted plant height, stem diameter and expand leaves of sorghum, but high dose of herbicides inhibited their growth. The effects on SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate decreased, POD, SOD enzyme activity and MDA content increased, with the maximum after application 5 days but it was basically relieved after application 20 days. In addition to high dose of 56% methoxone DP and 57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC, the rest of treatment increased sorghum yield, but did not affect the grain protein, fat, starch and tannin content. The highest security dose of three kinds of herbicides were 750g/hm 2, 1 800g/hm2 and 1 050mL/hm2 respectively.

Key words: Sorghum, Herbicides, Physiological biochemistry, Yield, Quality

Table 1

The apply dose of herbicide"

除草剂
Herbicide		 低剂量
Low dose		 中剂量
Medium dose		 高剂量
High dose
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂
50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2)		 600 750 900
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂
56% methoxone DP (g/hm2)		 1 500 1 800 2 250
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油 (mL/hm2)
57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC		 750 1 050 1 650
清水Water (CK) - - -

Table 2

Effects of herbicides on the plant height, stem diameter and unfold leaf in sorghum"

除草剂Herbicide 剂量Dose 株高Plant height (cm) 茎粗Stem diameter (cm) 展开叶数量Unfold leaf (片)
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2) 600 65.18±1.06bcd 1.20±0.25cde 6.33±0.58bc
750 66.77±1.09bcd 1.42±0.33bc 6.33±0.58bc
900 63.94±1.72de 1.03±0.17def 5.67±0.58c
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂56% methoxone DP (g/hm2) 1 500 65.88±1.05bcd 1.23±0.08cd 6.33±0.58bc
1 800 68.20±1.23ab 1.67±0.10ab 7.67±0.58a
2 250 61.25±2.87ef 0.84±0.21ef 4.67±0.58d
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC (mL/hm2) 750 67.35±0.97abc 1.58±0.11ab 7.67±0.58a
1 050 70.45±2.33a 1.83±0.18a 7.67±0.58a
1 650 59.21±2.83f 0.72±0.19f 4.00±0d
对照CK - 65.00±1.76de 1.12±0.40cde 6.00±0bc

Table 3

SPAD values of sorghum leaves at different times after herbicide treatment"

除草剂Herbicide 剂量
Dose		 叶绿素相对含量SPAD
1d 5d 10d 20d
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2) 600 44.11±1.34abc 42.52±1.04bc 50.67±1.01bc 59.50±1.69ef
750 42.68±0.92cdef 40.48±1.55c 47.24±0.88d 63.07±0.75bc
900 41.51±0.94def 36.10±1.04d 44.04±1.38e 58.37±0.99f
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂56% methoxone DP (g/hm2) 1 500 44.49±1.29abc 42.88±1.11b 52.05±0.94b 60.32±0.82def
1 800 43.14±0.97bcde 40.78±1.57c 49.97±0.71c 64.48±1.06ab
2 250 41.12±1.38ef 32.27±1.86e 38.62±0.62f 55.38±0.61g
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC (mL/hm2) 750 44.88±1.59ab 43.35±1.36b 53.85±1.02a 61.78±1.75cd
1 050 43.51±0.66abcd 42.18±1.10bc 50.89±0.92bc 66.18±1.22a
1 650 40.77±1.62f 30.07±0.75f 38.63±1.62f 53.41±1.48g
对照CK - 45.17±0.74a 48.61±0.20a 55.26±0.76a 61.28±1.00cde

Table 4

Effects of herbicides on net photosynthetic rate in sorghum"

除草剂
Herbicide		 剂量
Dose		 净光合速率Pn [μmolCO2/(m2·s)]
1d 5d 10d 20d
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2) 600 29.47±0.29abc 27.02±0.54bcd 33.80±0.61abc 39.88±1.05cd
750 28.32±0.89cd 25.53±1.30de 32.17±1.53cd 42.25±1.00b
900 27.33±0.63de 24.09±0.64e 30.68±1.04d 38.88±0.85de
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂56% methoxone DP (g/hm2) 1 500 29.68±0.91ab 27.96±0.91bc 34.11±0.64ab 40.89±0.87bc
1 800 28.88±0.94bc 26.43±1.22 cd 33.00±0.74 bc 43.80±0.57a
2 250 27.19±0.80de 21.94±1.12f 25.75±1.03e 37.97±0.88ef
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC (mL/hm2) 750 29.99±0.28ab 28.04±0.85b 34.50±1.09ab 41.75±0.85b
1 050 28.97±0.03abc 27.78±0.05bc 33.88±0.65abc 44.76±0.93a
1 650 27.03±0.53e 20.02±0.90g 24.78±1.93e 36.58±0.54f
对照CK - 30.13±1.07a 32.39±1.16a 35.44±0.73a 41.84±0.89d

Fig.1

Effects of herbicides on POD activity in sorghum leaves"

Fig.2

Effects of herbicides on SOD activity in sorghum leaves"

Fig.3

Effects of herbicides on MDA content in sorghum"

Table 5

Herbicides weed control effect and effects of herbicides on sorghum yield and its components"

除草剂
Herbicide		 剂量
Dose		 杂草防效(%)
Weed control
effect		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 一级枝梗数(个)
Primary branch
number		 千粒重(g)
Thousand seed
weight		 平均产量
(kg/hm2)
Yield
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂 600 80.69±0.82e 26.90±0.22ab 72.00±0.15abcd 24.20±0.40d 8 759.25±167.76ab
50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2) 750 86.09±1.14d 27.10±0.11ab 77.70±0.21ab 25.00±0.33bc 9 137.25±56.00a
900 88.80±1.55c 26.60±0.09 abc 71.30±0.23abcd 24.58±0.49d 8 690.15±64.22abc
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂(g/hm2) 1 500 82.01±1.89e 26.90±0.41ab 75.00±0.44abc 24.35±0.38d 8 922.00±88.35ab
56% methoxone DP 1 800 87.47±1.22c 27.20±0.08a 79.30±0.58a 25.25±0.23b 9 293.18±69.69a
2 250 89.36±0.80bc 26.60±0.14 abc 71.30±1.25 abcd 21.33±0.25e 7 356.25±94.81cd
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油(mL/hm2) 750 84.87±1.31d 27.00±0.16a 77.00±0.89a 24.50±0.18cd 9 046.80±110.89ab
57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC 1 050 91.06±0.94b 27.30±0.04a 79.30±1.01a 26.25±0.36a 9 535.05±107.32a
1 650 93.29±1.04a 26.10±0.20bc 67.30±0.99 bcd 20.75±0.57e 7 114.95±109.64d
对照CK - - 26.60±0.13abc 70.30±1.25abcd 24.50±0.26cd 7 672.50±142.84bcd

Table 6

Effects of herbicides on the quality of sorghum %"

除草剂Herbicide 剂量
Dose		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 脂肪含量
Fat content		 淀粉含量
Starch content		 单宁含量
Tannin content
50%二氯喹啉酸可湿性粉剂50% quinclorac WP (g/hm2) 600 11.30±0.10a 4.28±0.05a 72.57±0.25a 1.87±0.07a
750 11.43±0.38a 4.23±0.08a 72.50±0.35a 1.88±0.08a
900 11.37±0.06a 4.26±0.14a 72.50±0.61a 1.87±0.07a
56%二甲四氯钠粉剂56% methoxone DP (g/hm2) 1 500 11.33±0.12a 4.40±0.06a 72.53±0.35a 1.86±0.11a
1 800 11.40±0.26a 4.25±0.10a 72.93±0.67a 1.84±0.03a
2 250 11.37±0.12a 4.24±0.02a 72.53±0.35a 1.83±0.08a
57% 2,4-D丁酯乳油57% 2,4-D butyl ester EC (mL/hm2) 750 11.30±0.10a 4.23±0.08a 72.63±0.31a 1.86±0.11a
1 050 11.57±0.42a 4.42±0.39a 72.87±0.06a 1.89±0.08a
1 650 11.37±0.06a 4.34±0.02a 72.37±0.55a 1.84±0.10a
对照CK - 11.27±0.15a 4.22±0.05a 72.47±0.55a 1.80±0.09a
[1] 陶波, 胡凡 . 杂草化学防除施用技术.北京: 化学工业出版社, 2009.
[2] 李广领, 陈锡岭, 秦雪蜂 , 等. 5种除草剂对百农矮抗的安全性. 农药, 2007,46(2):132-134.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0413.2007.02.022
[3] 唐永清, 王朴, 王家武 , 等. 高粱苗前化学除草技术.杂草科学, 2004(4):40-41.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-935X.2004.04.016
[4] 张泽薄 . 我国农田杂草治理技术的发展. 植物保护, 2004,30(2):28-23.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0529-1542.2004.02.005
[5] 刘井兰, 于建飞, 印建莉 , 等. 化学农药对植物生理生化影响的研究进展. 农药, 2006,45(8):511-514.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-0413.2006.08.003
[6] Mankowski J, Pudełko K, Kołodziej J , et al. Effect of herbicides on yield and quality of straw and homomorphic fibre in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 2015,70:185-189.
doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.03.035
[7] El-Nahhal Y, Hamdona N . Adsorption,leaching and phytotoxicity of some herbicides as single and mixtures to some crops. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences, 2017,22:17-25.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaubas.2016.01.001
[8] Ali S, Honermeier B . Post emergence herbicides influence the leaf yield,chlorophyll fluorescence and phenolic compounds of artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 2016,203:216-223.
doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2016.03.038
[9] Skiba E, Kobyłecka J, Wolf W M . Influence of 2,4-D and MCPA herbicides on uptake and translocation of heavy metals in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Environmental Pollution, 2017,220:882-890.
doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.072
[10] Park J, Brown M T, Depuydt S . Comparing the acute sensitivity of growth and photosynthetic endpoints in three Lemna species exposed to four herbicides. Environmental Pollution, 2017,220:818-827.
doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.064
[11] 李合生 . 植物生理生化实验原理和技术.北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003.
[12] 郑世英 . 农药对农田土壤生态及农产品质量的影响. 石河子大学学报, 2002,6(3):255-258.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7383.2002.03.025
[13] 黄顶成, 尤民生, 侯有明 , 等. 化学除草剂对农田生物群落的影响. 生态学报, 2005,25(6):1451-1458.
[14] 吴进才, 许俊峰, 冯绪猛 , 等. 稻田常用农药对水稻3个品种生理生化的影响. 中国农业科学, 2003,36(5):536-541.
[15] 王正贵, 封超年, 郭文善 . 麦田常用除草剂对弱筋小麦生理生化特性的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2010: 29(6):1027-1032.
[16] 史莹华, 张伟毅, 于晓丹 , 等. 光周期对紫花苜蓿SOD、POD活性的影响.草原与草坪, 2009(1):74-77.
[17] 李贵, 吴竞仑 . 除草剂对作物生理生化指标的影响. 安徽农业科学, 2007,35(2):9157-9159.
[18] 宋旭东, 赵桂琴 . 不同种类除草剂对燕麦幼苗生理生化指标的影响. 草原与草坪, 2015,35(4):54-60.
[19] 郭天财, 王志红 . 河南小麦栽培技术.郑州: 河南科学技术出版社, 1988: 1310-1315.
[20] 朱新开, 郭文善, 周君良 , 等. 氮素对不同类型专用小麦营养和加工品质调控效应. 中国农业科学, 2003,36(6):640-645.
[21] 王克勤 . 除草剂对高油大豆产量及品质的影响. 中国农学通报, 2005,21(11):311-313.
[1] Zhao Xin, Chen Shaofeng, Wang Hui, . Research on the Yield and Quality of Different Tartaty#br# Buckwheat Varieties in Northern Shanxi Area [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 27-32.
[2] Zhang Yizhong, Zhou Fuping, Zhang Xiaojuan, . Identification and Cluster Analysis of Photosynthetic#br# Characters and WUE in Sorghum Germplasm [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 45-53.
[3] Wu Ronghua, Zhuang Kezhang, Liu Peng, Zhang Chunyan. Response of Summer Maize Yield to#br# Meteorological Factors in Lunan Region [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 104-109.
[4] Su Feifei, Zhang Jinghua, Li Yong, Liu Shangwu, Liu Zhenyu, Wang Shaopeng, Wan Shuming, Chen Xi, Gao Yunfei, Hu Linshuang, Lü Dianqiu. Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on#br# Physiological Characteristics and Water#br# Use Efficiency of Potato [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 97-103.
[5] Zhang Ruidong, Cao Xiong, Yue Zhongxiao, . Effects of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Grain#br# Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 110-115.
[6] An Xia, Zhang Haijun, Jiang Fangshan, Lü Lianjie, Chen Jun. Effects of Different Sowing Dates and Sowing#br# Densities on the Population Structure and#br# Yield of Two Spike Type Winter Wheats [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 132-136.
[7] Li Shaokun, Zhang Wanxu, Wang Keru, Han Dongsheng, . Study on Maize Mechanical Grain#br# Harvest in Northern Xinjiang [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 127-131.
[8] Gao Wenjun, Yang Guoyi, Gao Xinzhong, Yu Zhu, . The Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, or Potassium#br# Fertilizer on the Yield and Silage Quality of Maize [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 144-149.
[9] Wang Xiaolin, Ji Xiaoling, Zhang Panpan, Zhang Xiong, Zhang Jing. Correlation Analysis between Aboveground Biomass#br# Allocation and Grain Yield in Different Varieties of#br# Foxtail Millet in the Dry Land of Loess Plateau [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 150-155.
[10] Zhang Jianhua, Guo Ruifeng, Cao Changlin, Fan Na, . Study on Effect and Safety of Controlling Weed#br# in Sorghum Field by Several Stem and#br# Leaf Treatment Herbicide [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 162-166.
[11] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121-125.
[12] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126-130.
[13] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138-142.
[14] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143-148.
[15] Huiqin Wen,Tianling Cheng,Ziyou Pei,Xue Li,Lisheng Zhang,Mei Zhu. Analysis of Comprehensive Characteristics of Wheat Varieties Registered in Shanxi Province in Recent Years [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 32-36.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102 -105 .
[3] Xuefang Huang,Mingjing Huang,Huatao Liu,Cong Zhao,Juanling Wang. Effects of Annual Precipitation and Population Density on Tiller-Earing and Yield of Zhangzagu 5 under Film Mulching and Hole Sowing[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 106 -113 .
[4] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[5] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[6] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[7] Xiaofei Wang,Haijun Xu,Mengqiao Guo,Yu Xiao,Xinyu Cheng,Shuxia Liu,Xiangjun Guan,Yaokun Wu,Weihua Zhao,Guojiang Wei. Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Fertilizer Utilization Rate on the Yield of Oilseed Perilla frutescens in Cold Area[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 126 -130 .
[8] Pengjin Zhu,Xinhua Pang,Chun Liang,Qinliang Tan,Lin Yan,Quanguang Zhou,Kewei Ou. Effects of Cold Stress on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of Sugarcane Seedlings[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 131 -137 .
[9] Jie Gao,Qingfeng Li,Qiu Peng,Xiaoyan Jiao,Jinsong Wang. Effects of Different Nutrient Combinations on Plant Production and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Utilization Characteristics in Waxy Sorghum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 138 -142 .
[10] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143 -148 .