Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 85-90.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.06.015

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Alleviation of Abscisic Acid and Nutrient to Waterlogged Wheat at Booting and Filling Stage

Xu Xiaoxiao1,2,Zhu Jianqiang1,2,Wu Qixia1,2   

  1. 1 Agricultural College of Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China
    2 Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China
  • Received:2016-07-11 Revised:2016-10-24 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted to study the physiological traits and yield-related parameters ofwaterlogged wheat during mid-late growth period, with assorted spraying abscisic acid (ABA)and NPK fertilizer. Plants of booting and grain-fill stage were separately suffered from subsurface waterlogging of 10 d, and then applying with complex solution (0.05μmol/L ABA, 2% urea and 0.3% potassium hydrogen phosphate) after waterlogging, with spraying tap water as the control (CK). Leaf membrane lipid peroxidation, pigments and soluble protein content, and yield of crops were analyzed. The results showed that, compared with CK, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar content, and peroxidase activity significantly reduced, while application of compound solutions; But chlorophyll, soluble protein content and superoxide dismutase activity increased significantly. The increase in seed yield mainly derived to the grain numbers increment, as combined spray ABA and NPK to waterlogged crop of heading, whereas production increase mainly attributed to the increase of grain weight and the decrease of infertility spikelet, with application of that at filling stage. Yield was increased by 17.4% and 13.4% at heading stage, and increased merely by 5.4% and 4.2% at grain-fill, using compound solution and NPK fertilizer, respectively. Therefore, combined use of ABA and NPK can be taken as healing agent to the improvement of protein and superoxide dismutase for alleviating growth harms and yield losses in wheat during booting.

Key words: Wheat, Booting stage, Filling stage, Waterlogging, Abscisic acid, N, P, K fertilizer, Yield

Table 1

The nutrients properties of topsoil (0-30cm) in expetimental plot"

地点Location 有机质(g/kg)
Organic
matter		 全氮(g/kg)
Total
nitrogen		 全磷(g/kg)
Total
phosphorus		 全钾(g/kg)
Total
potassium		 碱解氮(mg/kg)
Available
nitrogen		 速效磷(mg/kg)
Available
phosphorus		 速效钾(mg/kg)
Available
potassium
校基地
Research base of Changjiang University		 12.72
 1.30
 0.51
 1.96
 58.32
 62.56
 97.52
排灌站Irrigation and drainage station 12.74 1.56 0.61 2.24 61.74 65.62 101.27

Table 2

Expetimental treatment settings"

生育期
Growth period		 处理
Treatment		 第一次处理日期
Date of the first treatment		 第一次处理
Details for the first treatment		 第二次处理日期
Date of the second treatment		 第二次处理
Details for the second treatment
孕穗期
Booting stage		 CK 3-31 喷施清水 4-09 喷施清水
W+NPK
 3-31
 喷施NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾） 4-09
 喷施NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾）
W+NPK+ABA

 3-31

 喷施ABA（0.05μmol/L）

 4-09

 喷施ABA与NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾）混合液
灌浆期
Grain filling stage		 CK 4-25 喷施清水 5-04 喷施清水
W+NPK
 4-25
 喷施NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾） 5-04
 喷施NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾）
W+NPK+ABA

 4-25

 喷施ABA（0.05μmol/L）

 5-04

 喷施ABA与NPK（2%的尿素和0.3%的磷酸二氢钾）混合液

Table 3

Effect of different treatments on wheat flag leaves chlorophyll content after waterlogging mg/g"

生育期
Growth stage		 处理
Treatment		 第1次取样The first sampling 第2次取样The second sampling 第3次取样The third samping
Chl a Chl b Chl(a+b) Chl a Chl b Chl(a+b) Chl a Chl b Chl(a+b)
孕穗期Booting stage CK 1.46c 0.41c 1.87c 1.56c 0.44c 1.99c 1.53c 0.36c 1.89c
W+NPK 1.73b 0.46b 2.20b 1.77b 0.51b 2.27b 1.93b 0.41b 2.34b
W+NPK+ABA 2.11a 0.55a 2.66a 1.97a 0.55a 2.52a 2.23a 0.57a 2.80a
灌浆期 Grain filling stage CK 1.36c 0.30b 1.66c 1.14c 0.24b 1.38c 1.33c 0.21c 1.54c
W+NPK 1.58b 0.35ab 1.93b 1.37b 0.28ab 1.65b 1.47b 0.27b 1.74b
W+NPK+ABA 2.14a 0.39a 2.53a 1.68a 0.34a 2.00a 1.59a 0.35a 1.94a

Table 4

MDA content of wheat flag leaves after waterlogging in different treatment μmol/g"

生育期
Growth stage		 取样日期
Sampling date		 MDA含量MDA content
CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA
孕穗期
Booting stage		 4-03 17.51a 15.95b 13.95c
4-09 18.33a 14.86b 12.00c
4-12 22.03a 17.57b 14.35c
灌浆期
Grain filling stage		 4-28 20.67a 18.27b 17.02c
5-04 23.31a 19.29b 17.67c
5-07 28.04a 26.47b 24.13c

Table 5

Activities of SOD and POD of wheat flag leaves after waterlogging in different treatment U/(g·min)"

生育期
Growth stage		 取样日期 Sampling date SOD POD
CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA
孕穗期Booting stage 4-03 180.37c 184.94b 187.01a 365.02a 340.67b 310.36c
4-09 177.38c 179.93b 181.84a 312.60a 289.56b 168.83c
4-12 170.72c 176.70b 179.39a 156.14a 123.63b 54.61c
灌浆期Grain filling stage 4-28 178.98c 191.39b 198.58a 200.74a 193.45b 175.55c
5-04 172.21c 179.28b 184.37a 184.56a 167.99b 140.68c
5-07 162.14c 164.97b 169.57a 173.19a 155.14b 121.70c

Table 6

Changes of soluble sugar and soluble protein content of wheat leaves after waterlogging in different treatment mg/g"

生育期
Growth stage		 取样日期 Sampling date 可溶性糖Soluble sugar 可溶性蛋白Soluble protein
CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA
孕穗期Booting stage 4-03 2.59a 2.35b 1.78c 27.65c 30.99b 36.77a
4-09 1.99a 1.78b 1.52c 30.11c 36.51b 43.10a
4-12 1.76a 1.60b 1.42c 28.91c 36.89b 44.09a
灌浆期Grain filling stage 4-28 3.69a 3.39b 3.10c 6.76c 7.91b 11.77a
5-04 2.64a 2.38b 2.02c 8.67c 10.42b 12.66a
5-07 2.79a 2.48b 2.25c 10.36c 11.50b 13.00a

Table 7

Plant height and yield components of wheat in different foliage spray treatment"

项目Item 孕穗期Booting stage 灌浆期Grain filling stage
CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA CK W+NPK W+NPK+ABA
株高Plant height(cm) 70.76c 73.24b 76.86a 83.87c 84.99b 86.03a
单株有效穗数Effective panicle number per plant 4.94c 5.33b 5.67a 4.67b 4.70b 5.37a
穗长Panicle length(cm) 9.30a 8.78b 9.44a 9.14b 9.12b 9.91a
每穗小穗数Spikelet number per panicle 17.07a 16.17b 17.66a 17.43a 16.50b 17.47a
不孕小穗数Sterile spikelet number 2.10a 1.30b 1.00c 2.13a 1.20b 1.50b
穗粒数Grain number per panicle 36.57c 40.57b 41.70a 37.27b 37.37b 38.07a
千粒重1000-grain weight(g) 39.77c 42.45a 41.38b 43.17b 48.81a 48.94a
产量Yield(kg/hm2) 3 457.1c 3 919.2b 4 059.5a 5 945.3c 6 195.9b 6 266.8a
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